焊接空心球节点的拉压极限承载力分析

采用三维退化曲壳有限元对焊接空心球节点的极限承载力进行了计算。推导了其切线刚度矩阵和弹塑性矩阵,采用多线性等向强化模型和Von-Mises屈服准则,在对6组受拉节点和6组受压节点的试验结果进行了数值模拟的基础上,提出了适于有限元分析的强度破坏准则和极限准则;采用柱面弧长子增量技术,跟踪了节点在轴向荷载作用下的荷载-位移曲线。通过计算发现,焊接空心球节点在轴向受拉荷载作用下为强度破坏,而在轴向受压荷载作用下为弹塑性压曲破坏,两者均与钢材的设计强度有关。最后,在对32组受拉节点和32组受压节点承载力回归分析的基础上,提出了球外径适用范围为160～900mm的焊接空心球节点承载力计算公式。     

Large deflection orthotropic plate approach to develop ultimate strength formulations for stiffened panels under combined biaxial compression/tension and lateral pressure

This paper uses the large deflection orthotropic plate approach to develop the ultimate strength formulations for steel stiffened panels under combined biaxial compression/tension and lateral pressure loads, considering the overall (grillage) buckling collapse mode. The object panel has a number of one-sided small stiffeners in either one or both orthogonal directions. The stiffened panel is then modeled as an equivalent orthotropic plate, for which the various elastic constants characterizing structural orthotropy are determined in a consistent systematic manner using classical theory of elasticity. The panel edges are considered to be simply supported. The influence of initial deflections is taken into account. The membrane stress distribution inside the panel under combined uniaxial loading (in either longitudinal or transverse direction) and lateral pressure is analyzed by solving the nonlinear governing differential equations of large deflection orthotropic plate theory. It is presumed that the panel collapses when the most highly stressed boundary location yields, resulting in closed-form expressions for the ultimate strength of the stiffened panel. Based on the insights previously developed through numerical studies, the panel ultimate strength interaction formulation between biaxial loads, with lateral pressure regarded as a secondary load component is then proposed as a relevant combination of the two sets of panel ultimate strength formulations, i.e. one for combined longitudinal axial load and lateral pressure and the other for combined transverse axial load and lateral pressure. The validity of the proposed ultimate strength formulations is verified by a comparison with nonlinear finite element and other numerical solutions.     

Ultimate shear strength of plate elements with pit corrosion wastage

The aim of the present paper is to investigate the ultimate strength characteristics of steel plate elements with pit corrosion wastage and under in-plane shear loads. A series of the ANSYS nonlinear finite element analyses for plate elements under in-plane shear loads are carried out, varying the degree of pit corrosion intensity and the plate geometric properties. Closed-form design formulae for the ultimate strength of pitted plates under edge shear, which are essentially needed for the ultimate limit state based risk or reliability assessment of corroded structures, are derived by the regression analysis of the computed results. The insights developed from the present study will be very useful for damage tolerant design of plated structures with pit corrosion wastage.     

Q690高强钢疲劳损伤后力学性能试验研究

服役结构材料疲劳损伤后的残余力学性能对结构可靠性的评估有着至关重要的作用。为此,对Q690高强钢经不同疲劳损伤后的残余力学性能进行了试验研究。根据Q690高强钢在不同疲劳荷载作用下的疲劳寿命,设定了3级疲劳荷载和9组损伤振动次数,并将Q690高强钢试件在各疲劳荷载下进行不同次数的预损伤疲劳振动。然后,对这些具有不同疲劳损伤的试件进行静力拉伸试验,观察试件的断裂模式并获得应力-应变曲线,对比分析具有不同疲劳损伤试件的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率等力学性参数的变化规律。结果表明：Q690高强钢经疲劳损伤后的断口位置和截面形貌均发生明显变化;疲劳损伤后Q690高强钢在静力拉伸作用下的应力-应变关系曲线均无屈服平台,拉伸过程中出现位移不变、拉力突然减小的卸载现象,造成应力-应变关系曲线出现振荡;Q690高强钢的弹性模量受疲劳损伤影响相对较小,但是屈服强度、抗拉强度、伸长率、屈服应变和极限应变却随疲劳损伤增加而减小。根据试验结果,建立了Q690高强钢力学性能参数与疲劳损伤之间的拟合公式,利用该公式可对具有不同疲劳损伤的Q690高强钢结构的力学性能进行有效评估。     

Ultimate strength of perforated steel plates under combined biaxial compression and edge shear loads

The present paper is a sequel to the author's papers [Paik JK, Ultimate strength of perforated steel plates under edge shear loading. Thin-Walled Structures 2007; 45: 301–6, Paik JK Ultimate strength of perforated steel plates under axial compressive loading along short edges. Ships Offshore Struct, 2007; 2(3): (in press)]. In contrast to the previous papers with the focus on edge shear or uniaxial compressive loads, the aim of the present study is to investigate the ultimate strength characteristics of perforated steel plates under combined biaxial compression and edge shear loads, which is a typical action pattern of steel plates arising from cargo weight and water pressure together with hull girder motions in ships and ship-shaped offshore structures. The plates are considered to be simply supported along all (four) edges, keeping them straight. The cutout is circular and located at the center of the plate. A series of ANSYS nonlinear finite element analyses (FEA) are undertaken with varying the plate dimension (thickness). Based on the FEA results obtained, closed-form empirical formulae of the ultimate strength interaction relationships of perforated plates between combined loads, which can be useful for first-cut estimations of the ultimate strength in reliability analyses or code calibrations, are derived.     

高轴压比钢-混凝土组合剪力墙压弯性能试验研究

通过对13片不同形式的高轴压比、大剪跨比剪力墙进行往复水平力加载试验,研究墙体两端暗柱设置型钢、墙身增设内藏钢板等形式组合剪力墙的压弯承载力、延性性能及破坏机理。试验结果表明:基本试件、两端暗柱设置型钢试件、内藏钢板试件的破坏过程相近,两端暗柱设置型钢试件和内藏钢板试件裂缝条数较多、宽度较小,内藏钢板试件的破坏情况相对较轻;两端暗柱设置型钢、增设内藏钢板,对压弯承载力、变形能力提高显著;组合剪力墙轴压比计算可以计入两端型钢和内藏钢板的作用。根据试验结果,提出钢板组合剪力墙压弯承载力计算的建议公式。     

Nonlinear finite element method models for ultimate strength analysis of steel stiffened-plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions—Part I: Plate elements

For design and strength assessment of various types of structures such as ships, offshore platforms, land-based structures, and aerospace structures, it has been realized that ultimate limit states (or ultimate strength) are much better basis than the allowable working stresses. Within the framework of ultimate limit state design and strength assessment, the primary task is to determine the level of imposed actions which causes the ultimate limit states. The aim of the present study is to develop some useful insights on nonlinear finite element method application for ultimate limit state assessment of steel stiffened-plate structures subject to combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions. As an illustrative example, outer bottom stiffened-plate structures of 100,000 ton class double-hull oil tankers are considered. The present study consists of two parts; Part I deals with plate elements surrounded by stiffeners or support members, and Part II treats stiffened panels, where some important factors of influence such as structural dimensions, initial imperfections, loading types and computational techniques in association with ultimate limit states are studied. For ultimate limit state computations, ANSYS nonlinear finite element method together with ALPS/ULSAP semi-analytical method is employed. Important insights developed from the present study are documented.     

Nonlinear finite element method models for ultimate strength analysis of steel stiffened-plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions—Part II: Stiffened panels

The present paper (Part II) is a sequel to the previous paper (Part I) [Paik JK, Seo JK. Nonlinear finite element method models for ultimate strength analysis of steel stiffened-plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions—Part I: Plate elements. Thin-Walled Struct 2008, this issue, doi:10.1016/j.tws.2008.08.005.] on the application of nonlinear finite element methods for ultimate strength analysis of steel stiffened-plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions. In contrast to Part I dealing with plate elements, the present paper (Part II) treats stiffened panels surrounded by strong support members such as longitudinal girders and transverse frames. In similar to Part I, some important factors of influence such as structural dimensions, initial imperfections, loading types and computational techniques in association with ultimate limit states are studied. Some useful insights in terms of nonlinear finite element method modeling are developed using ANSYS code together with the ALPS/ULSAP semi-analytical method, the latter being for the purpose of a comparison.     

压剪复合作用下镁基盐发泡混凝土墙体力学#br# 性能试验研究

对镁基盐发泡混凝土试验墙体进行了压剪复合作用下的力学性能试验，研究了镁基盐发泡混凝土墙体不同轴压比工况下的力学性能，对比分析了三种轴压比和水平荷载组合作用下墙体的变形位移、破坏过程、破坏机理等性能。结果表明：在压剪复合作用下随着轴压比的增大，试验墙体的开裂荷载、开裂位移、极限荷载、极限位移、破坏荷载都相应增大，但破坏位移相对减小，墙体的弹性工作阶段可以得到延长且墙体的局部变形能力更强；在压剪复合作用下试验墙体的裂缝扩展形式为自截面边缘向内部逐渐发展的近似水平裂缝，为典型的正截面弯曲破坏；在压剪复合作用下试验墙体的破坏机理是当墙体内一点处最大拉应力超过材料单向应力状态下的极限拉应力，材料就会发生破坏；在压剪复合作用下试验墙体的变形能力较差，是一种脆性构件且总体应力与其材料强度相比一直处于低应力状态。     

混凝土宏观本构模型研究进展

近年来,随着结构工程的快速发展,对结构在罕遇地震和风载作用下的精准数值模拟与性能化设计提出了更高需求.结构工程中的混凝土属于准脆性材料,试验表明混凝土具有显著的受压软化、受拉软化、剪切软化和捏拢效应等特性.针对上述特性,概述了结构工程数值模拟中常用的6种混凝土数值模型,包括非线性弹性模型、脆性裂缝模型、弹塑性裂缝模型、...     

高轴压比下内置钢板高强混凝土组合剪力墙#br# 抗震性能试验研究

内置钢板混凝土组合剪力墙主要应用于超高层建筑结构中,是主要的抗侧力构件,其底部剪力墙往往承担巨大的竖向荷载,轴压比和混凝土强度是影响其抗震性能的主要因素。为研究内置钢板高强混凝土组合剪力墙在高轴压比下的抗震性能,进行2个剪跨比为2.28的组合剪力墙试件拟静力试验,设计轴压比分别为0.6和0.8,C70混凝土。研究组合剪力墙在低周反复荷载作用下的受力性能和破坏模式,分析轴压比对抗震性能的影响。结果表明：2个试件最终均发生压弯破坏,破坏截面基本符合平截面假定,滞回曲线均较饱满,耗能性能良好,同时具有比较稳定的水平承载力;随着轴压比增大,组合剪力墙的水平承载力、初始刚度和耗能能力增大,侧向变形能力有所降低,但屈服位移角仍大于1/120,极限位移角为1/46。研究可为内置钢板高强混凝土组合剪力墙的工程应用提供理论参考。     

一种分析型钢混凝土T形柱双向压弯受力性能数值模拟方法：试验验证与极限承载力分析

为研究型钢混凝土T形柱双向压弯受力性能,提出一种基于OpenSees零长单元并考虑加载角度影响的高效数值模拟方法,采用该数值算法对已有文献有关弯曲型破坏的型钢混凝土T形柱进行全过程受力分析,以此验证该数值模拟技术的合理性。在此基础上,深入分析轴压比、加载角度、混凝土强度、型钢配钢率与强度、肢高肢厚比等变化参数对型钢混凝土T形柱极限受弯承载力的影响,并推导型钢混凝土T形柱双向受弯承载力计算公式。结果表明：在界限轴压比范围内,提高轴压比、混凝土强度、型钢配钢率、型钢强度和肢高肢厚比均能提高型钢混凝土T形柱极限受弯承载力;但当轴压比大于界限轴压比时,提高轴压比和混凝土强度反而降低其极限受弯承载力;型钢混凝土T形柱的薄弱加载方向为90°（即沿翼缘方向）;加载角度和混凝土强度对型钢混凝土T形柱的界限轴压比影响显著,当加载角度为45°时,其界限轴压比最高;提高混凝土强度会降低其界限轴压比;轴压比在0～0.4、0.4～0.9、0.9～1.4之间,型钢混凝土T形柱双向受弯承载力关系曲线分别为矩形、椭圆形和菱形。     

Pull-through capacity of bolted thin steel plate

The loading capacity in the axial direction of a bolted thin steel plate was investigated. A refined numerical model of bolt was first constructed and then validated using existing experiment results. Parametrical analysis was performed to reveal the influences of geometric parameters, including the effective depth of the cap nut, the yield strength of the steel plate, the preload of the bolt, and shear force, on the ultimate loading capacity. Then, an analytical method was proposed to predict the ultimate load of the bolted thin steel plate. Results derived using the numerical and analytical methods were compared and the results indicated that the analytical method can accurately predict the pull-through capacity of bolted thin steel plates. The work reported in this paper can provide a simplified calculation method for the loading capacity in the axial direction of a bolt.     

不同构造内置钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙轴压性能试验研究

为研究在高轴压比下内置钢板 混凝土组合剪力墙中钢板与混凝土墙体的协同工作性能,以北京中国尊大厦核心筒剪-力墙为原型,进行了4个1/4缩尺的内置钢板混凝土组合剪力墙轴压性能试验。4个试件的几何尺寸相同,区别在于钢板与混凝土连接构造不同。采用单向重复加载方法,分析了各试件的承载力、刚度退化、应力分布、变形能力等,进行了轴压承载力计算。结果表明：各试件达到极限承载能力时,钢板轴力分担比率在25%~32%之间,内置钢板的抗压能力得到发挥;与无拉结钢筋、无栓钉的试件相比,钢板中部设置长栓钉的试件承载力提高23.6%,轴向变形提高22.6%,刚度退化减缓17.42%,钢板与混凝土协同工作性能好;采用强度叠加理论进行内置钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙轴压承载力计算,试验结果与计算值吻合良好。     

全受压和局部边缘受压下有裂纹薄板屈曲的试验和数值研究

受压下薄钢板经常发生屈曲失效,尤其当薄钢板存在一些如开口和裂纹等缺陷时。这种失效模式先于强度失效。给出了轴压下有裂纹板的屈曲荷载的试验结果和数值结果。为此,采用1200A铝合金制作成矩形板,且板的中心有斜裂缝。在试验和数值研究中,分析了裂缝的长度和方向、板的厚度和长宽比的影响。对两种不同的支撑形式和荷载条件(如:局部边缘荷载和支撑)的影响进行研究。最后,将试验结果与数值结果进行对比。     

Experimental and numerical studies on buckling of cracked thin-plates under full and partial compression edge loading

Buckling failure is a common occurrence in thin plates under compression loading, in particular when there are some imperfections such as openings and cracks. This form of failure can often precede strength failure. In this paper, experimental and numerical studies on the critical buckling load of cracked plates subjected to axial compression is carried out. For this purpose, the rectangular plates made by 1200A aluminum alloy with central inclined crack are considered. The effects of crack length and orientation, thickness of plates and plate aspect ratio are investigated experimentally and numerically. Effects of boundary conditions and loadings are also studied by considering different types of supports and loading such as partial edge acting forces and supports. Finally, the results of experiments are compared with the results of numerical methods.     

Experimental and numerical studies on buckling of cracked thin-plates under full and partial compression edge loading

Buckling failure is a common occurrence in thin plates under compression loading, in particular when there are some imperfections such as openings and cracks. This form of failure can often precede strength failure. In this paper, experimental and numerical studies on the critical buckling load of cracked plates subjected to axial compression is carried out. For this purpose, the rectangular plates made by 1200A aluminum alloy with central inclined crack are considered. The effects of crack length and orientation, thickness of plates and plate aspect ratio are investigated experimentally and numerically. Effects of boundary conditions and loadings are also studied by considering different types of supports and loading such as partial edge acting forces and supports. Finally, the results of experiments are compared with the results of numerical methods.     

细部构造对预制混凝土楼板发卡式连接件抗拉（压）性能的影响

预制楼板连接件的细部构造对其平面内抗拉（压）性能影响较大,以发卡式连接件的嵌条长度、锚板厚度及其挑出长度为参数,通过对其进行平面内轴向荷载作用下的数值模拟分析,研究连接件细部构造对发卡式连接件抗拉（压）承载力、刚度和变形能力等方面的影响。在分析的基础上提出了发卡式连接件的细部构造建议,为发卡式连接件的设计和施工提供参考...     

钢纤维膨胀混凝土力学性能试验研究

对钢纤维膨胀混凝土抗压强度、抗拉强度、抗折强度及抗折韧性进行了试验研究,试验结果表明：钢纤维和膨胀剂的联合作用,大大提高了混凝土的抗压强度、劈拉强度及抗折初裂强度,并在一定程度上提高了混凝土的极限抗折强度及抗折韧性。     

预应力混凝土梁疲劳性能研究现状

对预应力混凝土梁疲劳性能的研究进展进行了详细阐述,论述了等幅疲劳荷载下预应力混凝土梁的疲劳性能及疲劳加载后的静力性能,对控制其疲劳破坏形态的影响因素以及在疲劳加载过程中的受力筋应变变化、裂缝开展和挠度变化规律进行了总结。讨论了变幅疲劳荷载下预应力混凝土梁的疲劳寿命及加载顺序对疲劳寿命的影响,分析了变幅疲劳加载过程中的刚度退化,同时对腐蚀后预应力混凝土梁的疲劳性能进行分析,总结了钢绞线、普通钢筋腐蚀损伤对试验梁疲劳破坏形态、极限承载力及疲劳寿命的影响。在对文献进行总结分析的基础上,根据当前研究所存在的问题,提出了今后预应力混凝土结构疲劳性能研究的方向。结果表明:预应力混凝土梁疲劳破坏始于受力筋疲劳断裂,受压区混凝土一般不会发生破坏,变幅疲劳加载及腐蚀损伤对其疲劳性能有较大影响。