喷雾干燥法制备乳脂微胶囊及其特性研究

运用响应面分析法,优化乳脂微胶囊喷雾干燥法制备工艺参数,并对其基本理化指标、形态特征及其抗潮性、热稳定性、氧化稳定性和贮藏稳定性进行测定分析。结果表明：喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为：进风温度178℃、出风温度80℃、均质压力43MPa,其微胶囊乳脂包埋率为93.14%、水分含量3.12%、灰分2.07%、蛋白质18.56%、溶解度67.01g/100g、密度0.45g/cm₃,粒径分布在4～90μm。产品具有抗氧化稳定性好,易吸水、不耐高温的贮藏特性。加工应用适宜温度在220℃以下。     

乳脂酶法水解产物的微胶囊化

用喷雾干燥法对乳脂酶法水解产物进行微胶囊化,考察了乳化温度、加水量等因素对乳化液稳定性、粘度的影响,通过正交实验确定了最适条件为:加水量50%、乳化剂添加量2%、心壁比30%。     

肉桂醛微胶囊的制备工艺

研究了以阿拉伯树胶和麦芽糊精为壁材 ,喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化肉桂醛的工艺条件 .探讨了壁材组成、乳化剂用量、固形物质量分数、芯壁比、进风温度、进料速度、喷射压力等对微胶囊化效果的影响 .经过正交试验 ,确定了最佳工艺条件 .实验结果表明 ,阿拉伯胶和麦芽糊精的最佳质量配比为 1∶1,蒸馏单甘酯的用量为 0 .4 g/dL ,固形物质量分数为 4 0 % ,芯材与壁材的配比为 1mL∶10 g ,肉桂醛微胶囊化的最佳喷雾干燥条件为进风温度 2 2 5℃ ,进料流量 2 10mL/h ,喷射压力0 .18MPa .实验还表明 ,肉桂醛微胶囊产品有一定的缓释抑菌效果 .     

壳聚糖香精微胶囊的制备

壳聚糖无毒、无害,易于生物降解,不污染环境,是一种理想的微胶囊壁材。以壳聚糖为壁材,采用喷雾干燥工艺对香精进行微胶囊化,通过对乳液稳定性能的测定评价了大豆卵磷脂、蒸馏单甘酯和吐温6 0复配乳化剂的性能,系统的探讨了壁材浓度、乳化剂用量、芯壁比等对微胶囊化效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件;测试并分析了微囊的形貌、包埋率和释放率等质量指标。     

喷雾干燥法制备无花果微胶囊的研究

以阿拉伯胶和麦芽糊精为壁材,以无花果的乙醇提取物为芯材,用喷雾干燥法制取无花果微胶囊粉。通过正交试验分析,确定了最佳生产工艺条件:芯材与壁材的比例为1:4,阿拉伯胶与麦芽糊精的比例为1:1,固形物浓度为30%,乳化剂用量为0.3%,30 MPa均质2遍,进风温度为200℃,出风温度为81℃。生产出的微胶囊无花果粉色泽、溶解性好,水、表面油含量低,无甚粘壁现象,适合于工业化生产。     

微胶囊化大豆卵磷脂的制备

以大豆卵磷脂为芯材,采用喷雾干燥法生产大豆卵磷脂微胶囊.研究确定其最佳工艺条件为:壁材为大豆分离蛋白、明胶、麦芽糊精,三者质量比为1.5:1:10;乳状液固形物含量为25%;在45℃、25 MPa条件下均质2次;进风温度200℃,出风温度85℃.在此条件下,包埋率达到67.4%.大豆卵磷脂微胶囊化后,吸湿性降低,有利于延长其货架期.     

肉桂醛微胶囊的制备工艺

研究了以阿拉伯树胶和麦芽糊精为壁材,喷雾干燥制备微胶囊化肉桂醛的工艺条件,探讨了壁材组成、乳化剂用量、固形物浓度,芯壁化,进风温度、进料速度、喷射压力等对微胶囊化效果的影响,经过正交试验,确定了最佳工艺条件。     

甾醇酯微胶囊制备工艺研究

研究了喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化甾醇酯的工艺。研究结果表明:微胶囊化甾醇酯的最优乳化条件为:复合乳化剂配比(单甘酯∶蔗糖酯)为1∶9;乳化剂用量0.75%;壁材用量20%;壁材比(变性淀粉∶麦芽糊精)为1∶5;芯材/壁材为0.5。喷雾干燥法制备甾醇酯微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为:进料温度50～60℃、均质压力50 MPa、进风温度180℃、出风温度80℃、喷雾压力180 KPa。在此工艺条件下微胶囊化效率可达77.8%。     

超声辅助制备红花籽油微胶囊

微胶囊化不仅可以很好地保持红花籽油的风味、增强其氧化稳定性,还可以起到缓释的作用,更充分合理地体现物质的营养价值。以同种壁材配方制备微胶囊乳液,分别进行喷雾干燥和冷冻干燥,测定微胶囊的包埋率并观察其形态,从而选择较优的干燥方法,即喷雾干燥法。设计4种壁材配方以喷雾干燥法制备红花籽油微胶囊,测定包埋率及微胶囊总油含量。经60 d后测定包埋率、氧化程度及微胶囊总油含量,并以扫描电镜观察形态,确定包埋效果,选取最佳包埋壁材配方。以超声法进行均质,离心分离法测其乳化稳定性,用正交试验法确定最佳均质条件。结果表明:鲜蛋清、麦芽糊精1∶1为壁材配方制备的微胶囊形态最好,60 d后红花籽油包埋率、过氧化值分别为96.07%、4.48 mmol/kg;适宜工艺参数为芯壁比1∶4、超声功率200 W、超声时间10 min、超声温度40℃、进风温度190℃、出风温度60℃、载量300 m L/h。     

核桃粉的微胶囊技术制备工艺研究

以麦芽糊精、明胶、乳化剂、稳定剂等作为微胶囊壁材,利用喷雾干燥法制备高营养核桃粉,结果表明：乳化剂为蔗糖脂肪酸酯,其添加量为2%,乳化温度为60℃,稳定剂为β-环糊精,其添加量为1%,壁材配比为明胶：β-环糊精：麦芽糊精为1：4：4,包埋率达85.7%,均质压力为40 Mpa,均质3次,喷雾干燥过程中进风和出风温度分别210℃和85℃,制得的核桃粉水溶性良好,核桃味浓郁,口感好,适宜大众消费人群.     

芽菜腌制水微胶囊化制备技术的研究

利用微胶囊制备工艺探索芽菜腌制水利用新途径.通过单因素试酵母验确定了芽菜粉微胶囊最佳配方为芽菜腌制水350g、麦芽糊精20g、β-环状糊精10g.用正交试验优化了喷雾干燥工艺条件:在25MPa压力条件下均质处理,进风温度180℃,出风温度100℃,进料温度60℃,转速16000r/min.该微胶囊包埋工艺的优点是最大限度的保留了天然发酵芽菜特征酱香,而且微胶囊集粉率高,到达了87％,胶囊呈淡黄色,颗粒均匀,冲速溶性好理化指标及微生物指标均符合国家相关标准,实现了污染物“变废为宝”的目标.     

Interactions of milk fat and milk fat fractions with confectionery fats

The objectives of this study were to provide a better understanding of the effects of triacylglycerol (TAG) and non-TAG components (minor lipids) of milk fat on phase and crystallization behavior of binary mixtures of palm kernel oil (PKO) and the physical properties of corresponding compound coatings. Binary mixtures of a fractionated PKO with the different milk fats were examined for melting profiles, crystallization kinetics, and crystalline microstructures, and polymorphic changes during storage. Compound coatings were made with equivalent binary fat mixtures and measured for hardness and bloom formation. Milk fat and milk fat fractions affected crystallization rates of fractionated PKO, depending on the melting point of the fat. High-melting components resulted in more rapid crystallization, whereas the original milk fat and low-melting components inhibited crystallization. The crystal structure (e.g., number, size, shape) of the PKO crystals was influenced significantly by the addition of milk fat fractions and was influenced by the presence or absence of the minor lipids in milk fat. Milk fat and milk fat fractions had a softening effect on fractionated PKO, which was apparent in the binary mixtures as well as the compound coatings. In general, as the solid fat content (at 25 degrees C) of the binary mixtures increased, the hardness of the respective coatings increased. This also was related to an increased rate of bloom formation during storage.     

Preparation of liposomes from milk fat globule membrane phospholipids using a microfluidizer

The isolation of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) material from buttermilk on a commercial scale has provided a new ingredient rich in phospholipids and sphingolipids. An MFGM-derived phospholipid fraction was used to produce liposomes via a high-pressure homogenizer (Microfluidizer). This technique does not require the use of solvents or detergents, and is suitable for use in the food industry. The liposome dispersion had an average hydrodynamic diameter of 95 nm, with a broad particle-size distribution. Increasing the number of passes through the Microfluidizer, increasing the pressure, or reducing the phospholipid concentration all resulted in a smaller average liposome diameter. Changing these variables did not have a significant effect on the polydispersity of the dispersion. Electron microscopy showed that the dispersions formed had a range of structures, including unilamellar, multilamellar, and multivesicular liposomes. The composition of the MFGM phospholipid material is different from that of the phospholipids usually used for liposome production in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The MFGM-derived fraction comprises approximately 25% sphingomyelin, and the fatty acids are primarily saturated and monounsaturated. These differences are likely to affect the properties of the liposomes produced from the phospholipid material, and it may be possible to exploit the unique composition of the MFGM phospholipid fraction in the delivery of bioactive ingredients in functional foods.     

壳聚糖-橄榄油微胶囊的制备及应用

以壳聚糖作壁材、橄榄油作芯材,采用单凝聚法制备具有护肤保健功能的微胶囊,并对制备工艺条件,如芯壁比、乳化剂种类、絮凝剂用量、絮凝剂添加方式及固化剂用量等进行优化,确定芯壁比3:1,添加OP-JFC复合乳化剂,絮凝剂硫酸钠用量为壳聚糖用量的50%～75%,固化剂戊二醛用量为壳聚糖用量的1%,在pH值9～10下固化1 h.测试结果表明,壳聚糖-橄榄油微胶囊整理能赋予棉制品护肤保健功效,且具有一定的耐洗性,不影响棉织物的白度和手感.     

基于人乳脂肪组成的酶法人乳脂肪替代物的构建

为了开发新型高相似性人乳脂肪替代物,依据中国人乳脂肪的脂肪酸组成和甘油三酯结构,以巴沙鱼油、樟树籽仁油、亚麻籽油、微生物油(富含ARA)及DHA藻油(质量比为153.81∶15.16∶62.33∶7.89∶10.81)为原料油脂,以固定化脂肪酶Lipozyme RM为催化剂,在60℃下酯交换反应8 h制备人乳脂肪替代物,测定其脂肪酸、sn-2位脂肪酸及甘油三酯组成及含量,分析其红外光谱图、熔融性质、结晶性质及流变学性能。结果表明,构建的人乳脂肪替代物中链脂肪酸含量为12%、亚油酸和亚麻酸总含量为19.53%且比例约为1∶1.5,ARA含量为1.17%,DHA含量为1.11%,其sn-2位富含棕榈酸(43.10%),结构甘油三酯含量高(58.75%),无反式脂肪酸生成,熔融温度低于人体温度且在20℃下仍能保持18.7%的固体脂肪含量,结晶形态细腻且流变性能优异。制备的人乳脂肪替代物具有应用于婴幼儿配方奶粉、婴幼儿米糊和婴幼儿饼干等各种婴幼儿食品的潜力。     

基于复凝聚法的纳米TiO2微胶囊制备

本文以纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)为芯材,明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,研究复凝聚法制备TiO2微胶囊的工艺。以微胶囊的平均粒径、包埋率和粒径分布方差作为评价工艺优劣的指标,利用正交试验法研究反应溶液pH值、反应温度、搅拌速率和壁材质量分数对微胶囊成囊效果的影响。通过优化工艺,获得最佳的工艺参数：溶液pH值为4.2、壁材质量分数为2%、反应温度50℃、搅拌转速为750r?min-1,在上述条件下,所得微胶囊平均粒径为90.1μm,包埋率超过86.2%,粒径分布方差12.1。     

壳聚糖包裹柑橘精油微胶囊的制备工艺

以壳聚糖为壁材,研究壳聚糖包裹柑橘精油微胶囊的制备工艺。以乳化液稳定性为指标,选取乳化剂为单甘酯和Tween-60按质量比1∶1复合添加,优化得到壳聚糖包裹柑橘精油微胶囊制备的最佳工艺条件为乳化剂用量1.6%、壁芯质量比4∶1、搅拌速度500 r/min、包埋温度50℃。上述工艺条件下柑橘精油微胶囊的包埋率为92.0%。     

牡丹籽油微囊的制备与表征研究

采用复凝聚法研究牡丹籽油微囊的制备工艺。以包封率为评价指标,采用正交试验优化牡丹籽油微囊制备工艺条件,并对其进行表征。结果表明:牡丹籽油微囊最佳制备工艺条件为明胶质量2 g下,阿拉伯胶与明胶质量比1∶1、囊材与牡丹籽油质量比1∶0. 2、固化剂用量5 m L、乳化剪切速度4 000 r/min,在此条件下牡丹籽油微囊包封率为99. 5%;牡丹籽油微囊大小适当,形态规则,分布均匀;平均粒径为12. 28μm,粒径在38μm以下的占98. 06%; Zeta电位为-19. 1 m V;红外光谱分析表明,牡丹籽油微囊的吸收峰弱于牡丹籽油的,表明囊芯被很好地包裹; DSC分析表明,牡丹籽油微囊在63℃左右出现尖锐吸热峰,达到相变温度,热稳定较好。     

相变微胶囊的制备及性能表征

采用原位聚合法,以密胺树脂为壁材,固体石蜡为芯材成功制备了相变微胶囊.结果表明:壁材有效地包覆了石蜡芯材,形成较均匀的球状相变微囊;通过红外光谱仪分析微胶囊成分,从红外光谱图中可明显看出微胶囊由石蜡和密胺树脂制备而成;采用DSC测得相变微胶囊的相转变温度为45℃～61℃,其转变温度峰值为57.36℃,微胶囊的热焓为80.7884 J/g;采用激光粒度分析仪测得微胶囊的粒径分布在5.866 μm左右.经相变微胶囊整理的智能织物表现出了良好的调温效果.