Intechem-1氟碳表面活性剂溶液性能研究

以六氟丙烯环氧化合物齐聚体为原料,合成一种新型非离子氟碳表面活性剂。测试其表面张力、临界胶束浓度以及发泡性能等物化性质,与Du Pont1157相比,其水溶液表现出更加优异的表面活性,同时在环己烷、汽油和丙酮表面具有良好的铺展性能。     

两性氟碳/碳氢表面活性剂复配体系的润湿性能

论述了表面活性剂的润湿机理,测定了13种表面活性剂在不同浓度下的表面张力和0. 1%浓度下的界面张力,重点研究了氟碳两性表面活性剂F1157与非离子碳氢表面活性剂XL-50、TMN-6、APG-0810以及与甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂BS-8、BS-12、CAB的配伍增效能。从表面张力、界面张力和铺展面积得出最佳增效配比。当F1157和XL-50的质量比为1:(6~8)时,界面张力降至0. 4 m N/m;当F1157和TMN-6的质量比为1∶(6~10)时,界面张力降至0. 24 m N/m;当F1157和APG0810的质量比为1∶(3~10)时,界面张力降至0. 063 m N/m。F1157与碳氢甜菜碱的增效性表现在铺展面积优于非离子,同碳数的F1157和BS-8质量比为1∶5时,铺展面积达到最大值99 mm~2。为降低氟碳表面活性剂的使用成本、开拓新领域的应用提供参考。     

温度对氟碳表面活性剂铺展系数的影响

以航空煤油和95#车用汽油为原料,在溶液浓度保持不变的条件下,研究了温度变化对两种氟碳表面活性剂FC-8和FC-4对油面上铺展系数造成的影响。结果表明,两种氟碳表面活性剂的表面张力、油品的表面张力以及油水界面张力随着温度的升高而降低,铺展系数随着温度的升高先增长后逐渐放缓,最后趋于定值。     

碳氟-碳氢表面活性剂复配性能研究

测定了新型非离子氟碳表面活性剂Intechem-01与α-烯烃磺酸盐(AOS-201)复配溶液性能,结果显示出两者之间很好的协同效应。复配后溶液表面张力维持较低水平,cmc低达1.6×10-3(wt%),油水界面张力<1.8mN.m-1,从而可以在油面上更好铺展;同时表现出特有的泡沫性能。     

超低界面张力阴离子复合型驱油体系性能研究

采用旋转滴法分别测定了两种单一阴离子型表面活性剂体系和阴/阴离子复配型表面活性剂体系的油水界面张力,讨论了在50℃下表面活性剂的浓度、矿化度对油水界面张力的影响以及复配体系的最佳复配质量比,以此提高原油的采收率,评价了复配型体系表面活性剂的性能。结果表明,50℃、矿化度为3×104mg/L时将这两种阴离子表面活性剂以1∶1的质量比复配后,可以使油水界面张力值降至10-5m N/m,最终筛选出性能优越的超低界面张力驱油体系WY-2,同时此复配体系具有较好的稳定性和良好的乳化能力。     

超低界面张力阴离子复合型驱油体系性能研究

采用旋转滴法分别测定了两种单一阴离子型表面活性剂体系和阴/阴离子复配型表面活性剂体系的油水界面张力,讨论了在50℃下表面活性剂的浓度、矿化度对油水界面张力的影响以及复配体系的最佳复配质量比,以此提高原油的采收率,评价了复配型体系表面活性剂的性能。结果表明,50℃、矿化度为3×104mg/L时将这两种阴离子表面活性剂以1∶1的质量比复配后,可以使油水界面张力值降至10-5m N/m,最终筛选出性能优越的超低界面张力驱油体系WY-2,同时此复配体系具有较好的稳定性和良好的乳化能力。     

两性离子/阴离子表面活性剂复配体系协同作用的研究

研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和两性离子表面活性剂月桂酰胺丙基甜菜碱(LMB)的形成胶束能力和降低表面张力能力的协同增效作用。发现SDS和LMB质量比在7:3至3:7范围内增效作用显著。并考察了无机盐对表面活性剂复配体系泡沫性能的影响,结果表明,低浓度的无机盐会使表面活性剂复配体系表面张力和CMC下降,发泡力上升,高浓度的无机盐会使表面活性剂复配体系发泡力下降。例如0.1mol/L的NaCl使0.0025%的复配体系表面张力下降1.73mN/m,0.17mol/L的NaCl使2%的复配体系泡沫高度上升7.2%,而NaCl浓度超过0.26mol/L后会使泡沫高度降低。     

一种含氟烷基磷酸酯类氟碳表面活性剂的复配研究

研究了含氟烷基磷酸单酯类表面活性剂[分子式为H(CF2)6CH2OPO(ONa)2,记为DFH-PS]与无机盐和普通碳氢表面活性剂的复配性能,研究结果表明,DFH-PS水溶液最低表面张力为23.73 mN/m;当NaCl浓度为0.2 mol/L时,可使DFH-PS水溶液最低表面张力下降到21.62 mN/m;阴离子碳氢表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对该含氟表面活性剂影响显著,当n(DFH-PS)∶n(SDS)=5∶1时,可使水溶液表面张力在很低浓度时降至22.22 mN/m;与非离子表面活性剂辛基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(OP-10)混合,当n(DFH-PS)∶n(OP-10)=8∶1时,可使水溶液表面张力降至27.0 mN/m。     

驱油阴/两性表面活性剂复配体系协同效应研究

针对某油藏A区块,利用阴离子/两性表面活性剂的协同作用,进而达到油水超低界面张力,且两性表面活性剂十二烷基甜菜碱在浓度为0.1%~0.5%的范围内,降低油水界面张力的效果达到10~(-2) mN/m数量级,在加入阴离子表面活性剂的条件下,复配体系可以使油水界面张力达到超低界面张力。通过探讨表面活性剂的总浓度以及复配比对油水界面张力的影响,最终得到阴离子/两性表面活性剂复配体系可在较高矿化度和较低的浓度(0.4%)范围内达到10~(-3) mN/m的超低界面张力,并在此基础上对两者的协同作用进行分析。     

几种表面活性剂对灭火剂性能影响研究

为探究碳氢和有机硅表面活性剂对泡沫灭火剂性能的影响,将6种表面活性剂按质量分数3%、6%制备泡沫灭火剂,并测试泡沫灭火剂的表面张力、界面张力、发泡倍数、25%析液时间、铺展性、灭火性能等性能,以灭火时间为灭火性能判定标准。结果表明,BS-12和APG0810泡沫灭火剂表面张力相对较低,3%BS-12泡沫灭火剂表面张力为20.4 mN/m;APG0810泡沫性能最好,发泡倍数达到13,同时25%析液时间达到70.64 s;对于铺展性能,K-12泡沫灭火剂在环己烷表面铺展迅速,铺展面积大。灭火实验表明, APG0810泡沫灭火剂灭火时间最短,灭火性能最优。     

Synergisms in Binary Mixtures of Anionic and pH‐Insensitive Zwitterionic Surfactants and Their Precipitation Behavior with Calcium Ions

This work aims to investigate synergy in anionic and zwitterionic surfactant mixtures, as they result in better interfacial properties and micellization behavior. Various mixtures of the pH‐insensitive zwitterionic surfactant 3‐(decyldimethylammonio) propanesulfonate (Zwittergent 3–10) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) were prepared in aqueous solution at a range of pH values between 2 and 13. The thermodynamic parameters during mixed surfactant adsorption at the air/water interface are obtained and the results show the mixed surfactant systems having superior properties to the constituent surfactants. Experimentally, the mixed surfactant solutions clearly improve the surface activities by lowering the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and lowering the surface tension at the air/water interface. The synergisms are investigated through the interaction parameters estimated from regular solution theory that is used to quantitatively describe the nonideality of surfactant mixtures. High negative interaction parameters are obtained from these surfactant mixtures. Experimental precipitation phase boundaries of SDS in the presence of CaCl₂ were also investigated in mixtures containing pH‐insensitive zwitterionic surfactant at different pH levels from 2 to 13 and SDS mole fractions of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. Changes in the precipitation phase boundaries are due to the changes in the speciation or activities of the major components both below and above the CMC. As a result, the precipitation phase boundaries are pH dependent. In addition, mixed micellization and counterion binding to the micelle also change the precipitation phase boundary above the CMC. The activity‐based solubility product of calcium dodecylsulfate is also determined from the precipitation phase boundaries below the CMC. X‐ray diffraction patterns and SEM images confirm that only calcium dodecylsulfate precipitates in the soap scum for all pH and surfactant compositions studied.     

Micellization and Interfacial Interaction Behaviors of Gemini Cationic Surfactants–CTAB Mixed Surfactant Systems

The interfacial and micellization behaviors of binary mixtures of two gemini cationic surfactants and conventional the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide surfactant were studied at various molar ratios. From the equilibrium surface tension measurements, the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) data were obtained as functions of the composition. Values of the CMC were analyzed according to the regular solution model developed by Rubingh for mixed micelles. Two interaction parameters were obtained for each system, the interaction at the interface, and in the micellar phase. The results showed that micellization and adsorption properties of the studied mixed systems depend on the spacer chain lengths of the gemini surfactants and their ratio in the mixed systems.     

R_(12)TAC-SDS混合溶液的表面张力和泡沫性能

测定了 3 十二烷氧基 2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵 (R12 TAC)和十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS)复配体系的表面张力和泡沫性能。实验表明 ,复配体系的CMC及γCMC均低于单一组分。当R12 TAC和SDS以等量比复配时 ,体系表现出良好的泡沫性能。其中起泡性参数Cs为 1.99mmol/L ,Rmv 为0 86 ,稳泡性参数Ct为 2 .5 0mmol/L ,t1/ 2 m 为 91.5s。对相互作用参数的计算表明 ,该复配体系具有强烈的增效作用     

棕榈酰基蛋氨酸表面活性剂的合成与性能

以天然产物棕榈酸和蛋氨酸为原料，通过酰氯化反应和酰胺化反应两步法合成棕榈酰基蛋氨酸表面活性剂（PMS），探究反应温度、反应时间、反应物摩尔比、反应介质体积比等因素对酰胺化反应的影响；通过傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）和质谱对产物的结构进行表征；研究产物的表面性能和复配体系的性能。实验结果表明：酰胺化反应最佳反应温度为30℃、n(棕榈酰氯)∶n(蛋氨酸)=1∶1.2、V(水)∶V(丙酮)=1∶2、反应时间为2.5h，在此条件下，得到产物产率89.0%；表征的结果为目标产物；合成产物临界胶束浓度为 1.2×10^-4mol/L，表面张力为29.59mN/m；对苯等有机溶剂的乳化作用明显优于月桂酰基谷氨酸（LAS）；PMS与椰油丙基甜菜碱（CPBS）摩尔比为4∶6时复配体系表面活性最佳，临界胶束浓度达到9.5×10^-5mol/L，复配体系表面张力为28.1mN/m。     

Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the characteristics of bovine serum albumin solutions and foams

Results from surface tension measurements on mixed solutions of the protein bovine serum alburnin (BSA) and an anionic surfactant (SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate) suggested that at an air-liquid interface, adsorption was affected by the protein-surfactant interaction and by the relative concentration of each component in solution. Two plateaus corresponding to the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS, respectively, were observed in the surface tension isotherms of SDS in the presence of BSA. The CAC and CMC depended on the concentration of BSA. Effects of SDS concentration on the conformational changes of BSA were investigated by Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the contents of α-helix decreased while the contents of random coil increased. The presence of the anionic surfactant SDS had a negative influence on the way that proteins adsorb at an air-liquid interface, leading to the change of behavior of protein-stabilized film.     

Synergistic Behavior Between Zwitterionic Surfactant α-Decylbetaine and Anionic Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Here, we present experimental surface tension isotherms of mixed solutions of a zwitterionic surfactant α-decylbetaine (DB) and an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in different molar ratios. These mixed solutions show a composition dependency with respect to both surface tension effectiveness and critical micelle concentration. The pseudo-regular solution theory has been used to evaluate the interaction parameters in the micelle, β ^m and at the surface, β ^s. The results revealed that the mixed solutions of DB/SDS behave synergistically in both surface tension reduction effectiveness and mixed micelle formation at all mole fractions investigated. The values of adsorption area per surfactant molecule at air/solution interface were estimated, which provides some useful information on evaluating the interaction between DB and SDS in mixed adsorbed monolayers. The solubilization behaviors of toluene in DB/SDS mixed solutions were also investigated to help in understanding the structure of mixed micelles of DB and SDS.     

Surface Activity,Aggregation, and Wetting Behavior of Sodium P-Perfluorononenyloxy Benzene Sulfonate

The physicochemical properties of sodium p-perfluorononenyloxy benzene sulfonate (OBS) in aqueous solution were investigated. Compared to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), OBS has a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) and a low surface tension at the CMC. At the same concentration, OBS shows lower dynamic surface tension than LAS indicating faster wetting kinetics. In aqueous solution, OBS forms large spherical vesicles above the CMC. OBS shows excellent dynamic wetting properties on low-energy surfaces. The superior properties of OBS make it ideal for use in many industry fields.     

Adsorption and Aggregation Activity of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and Rhamnolipid Mixture

Measurements of the surface tension, density and viscosity of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and rhamnolipid (RL) mixtures were carried out in aqueous solution. From the obtained results, composition of mixed surface layer at the water–air interface, mixed micelles, parameter of intermolecular interactions, activity of SDS and RL in the surface layer and micelles, Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption and micellization as well as Gibbs free energy of SDS and RL mixing in the surface layer and micelles were established. These parameters were discussed in the light of independent adsorption of SDS and RL and the size of their molecules as well as the area in contact with water molecules. A correlation between the number of water molecules in contact with those of SDS and RL and standard free energy of adsorption as well as micellization of these surfactants was observed. A correlation between the apparent and partial molar volumes of RL and SDS in their mixture and size of surfactant molecules as well as the average distance between molecules was also found. The parameter of intermolecular interactions indicates that there is a synergetic effect in the reduction of water surface tension and micelle formation.