树龄及季节对百草枯处理日本赤松叶油得率影响

作者研究了不同树龄及季节对经百草枯处理的日本赤松针叶的精油、提取物及发热量的变化。研究发现树龄、季节对精油得率没有太大影响。10年生树,9月份的精油得率最高值为1.4％,是无处理针叶精油的1.3倍,提取物得率在9～10月份呈较高水平,10月份最高值为10.5％的10年生树是无处理针叶的1.4倍。精油中单萜含量均为8月份最高,20年生树约为88％。针叶挥发性成分     

用溶剂萃取法提取蒜精油

蒜精油是从大蒜中提取的挥发油，它是大蒜中大蒜氨酸经酶水解后的产物，含量１．６～３．０％。本文介绍了蒜精油的用途及提取工艺。     

用溶剂萃取法提到蒜精油

蒜精油是从大蒜中提取的挥发油，它是大蒜中大蒜氨酸经酶水解后的产物，含量１．６～３．０％。本文介绍了蒜精油的用途及提取工艺。     

蓝桉精油的化学组成及其用途

文中介绍了蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)精油的生产和桉叶油的分离方法,同时还讨论了油的物理化学性质及其用途。将蓝桉树叶和树枝用加氢减压蒸馏,可得1.0～1.5％粗油。粗精油经分离出水分,有色物     

超声波法提取芫荽茎叶精油和成分解析以及清除亚硝酸钠作用

研究了超声波法提取芫荽茎叶精油条件。超声波最佳提取条件为25℃,100min,提取功率60％,该条件下的芫荽茎叶精油的提取率为0．284％。用GC—MS对精油进行了成分分析,检测出154个成分,解析出69种物质,占精油90％以上。含量最多的是酯类化合物47．569％,其次为烷烃类化合物18．799％,醛类化合物和醇类化合物含量分别为13．406％,12．595％。还研究了精油对亚硝酸钠的清除作用,结果显示,芫荽茎叶精油具有明显地清除亚硝酸盐作用,清除率最大为75．77％。     

芹菜籽精油成分以及清除亚硝酸钠作用研究

水蒸汽蒸馏法提取黑龙江产芹菜籽,以1．18％产率获得精油。用GC—MS联机分析精油共检测出23个成分,鉴定出占总精油91．375％的18种成分,主要成分为柠檬烯（31．149％）,β-蛇床烯（22．281％）,对甲苯基异戊酸酯（14．944％）,α-2-丙烯基苯甲醇（9．872％）,β-月桂烯（4．324％）和α-蛇床烯（4．322％）。精油对亚硝酸钠的清除作用研究结果显示：芹菜籽精油具有明显的清除亚硝酸盐作用,当精油用量0．4mL时,清除率最大为71．28％。     

云南拟单性木兰鲜花鲜叶精油化学成分研究

用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用方法,分析云南拟单性木兰鲜花水蒸气蒸馏精油的化学成分。鉴定出52种化合物,占精油总量的67.566％;采用气相色谱法分析其鲜叶精油的化学成分,鉴定出35种化合物,占精油总量的90.909％。     

精油原料加工后废料的综合利用：香料化妆品工业新的天然产物

引言精油和精油植物含有复合的生物活性物质,因此很久以来,它们不仅用于香精,而且用在化妆品和民间医药中。到目前为止,精油原料的工业加工在多数情况下只规定提出精油,这时大部份有价值的天然物仍留在残渣中。水蒸汽蒸馏加工精油原料时精油得率一般为0.1～0.5％,用挥发溶剂萃取时萃取油得率有的可达10％,残渣是制取化妆品用植物     

溶剂法提取新疆伊犁地区薰衣草精油

目的:从薰衣草中提取精油并检测精油成分.方法:采用减压蒸馏的方法,以正己烷为溶剂提取薰衣草精油,并通过气相-质谱联用法(GC-MS)鉴定精油成分.结果:薰衣草干花的精油得率为24.0％,GC-MS法测定精油成分共测出26个峰,鉴定出化合物11种,其中乙酸芳樟酯、芳樟醇、乙酸香叶酯含量最高,相对含量分别为49.64％、1...     

草果精油萃取方法及清除DPPH自由基能力研究

采用水水蒸馏-乙醚萃取法手和Clevenger法萃取草果挥发性成分．分别以1．12％和1．87％的平均得率获得了精油。用GC／MS分析方法从水蒸气景馏-乙醚革取扶得的精油中检测出30种成分．解析鉴定出其中29个成分,总相对含量占精油全部组分的99．619％,主要成分为1,8-桉树脑（41．4．33％）、α－水芹烯（7．882％）、2-异丙基苯甲醛（5．930％）。Cleverlger法所得精油榆测出38种成分．解析鉴定出其中32个成分,总相对含量占精油全部组分的98．395％,主要成分为1．8-桉树脑（40．891％）、α-水芹烯（9．769％）2-异丙基苯甲醛（6．988％）。两种方法获得的精油郁具有明显的清除DPPH自由基能力,在浓度为为10mg/mL。时,以水蒸气蒸馏-乙醚萃取法和Clevenger法所获得的精油对DPPH的清除率分别为80．0％和75．8％。     

匐枝马尾藻挥发油化学成分的研究

首次采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术(SFE-CO2 Method)萃取匐枝马尾藻挥发油,并用毛细管气相色谱-质谱(CGC-MS)联用技术对萃取的匐枝马尾藻挥发油的化学成分进行了研究.经毛细管气相色谱分离出27个峰,共确认了其中21种成分,占挥发油总量的95.36%.其主要成分是十六烷酸、7-Z-十六碳烯酸、9-E-十八碳...     

植物精油的抑菌性探究及其在化妆品中的应用

通过6种精油抑菌性试验,发现肉桂精油、玫瑰精油、甜橙精油具有较好的抑菌性,其中含有高含量醛的肉桂精油抑菌效果最好。研究了在膏霜中添加肉桂精油对防腐体系的影响,实验结果表明:在未添加肉桂精油的膏霜中,防腐剂的用量需添加至0.25%才能对细菌和真菌有较好的抑制效果;在添加了0.01%的肉桂精油的膏霜中,防腐剂的用量只需添加0.1%就能对细菌和真菌有较好的抑制效果。这说明肉桂精油可以降低化妆品中防腐剂的用量。通过皮肤刺激性试验,发现在均能通过防腐测试的前提下,添加了0.01%肉桂精油和0.15%防腐剂的膏霜L/D值为112.26,而只添加了0.25%防腐剂的膏霜L/D值为58.53,说明在化妆品中添加肉桂精油,在降低了防腐剂用量的同时,也降低了化妆品的刺激性。但是,当防腐剂用量均为0.15%时,添加了肉桂精油的膏霜L/D值比未添加肉桂精油的膏霜L/D值略低,这说明肉桂精油本身具有轻微的刺激性。     

A New Antioxidant Active Film Based on HDPE and Peppermint Essential Oil for Packaging Soybean Oil

In this research, the effect of antioxidant active package was studied on oxidative stability of soybean oil at 40 °C during 2‐month storage. A synthetic antioxidant [Butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT), 200 ppm] and peppermint essential oil (200 and 400 ppm) were added to antioxidant free soybean oil. To prepare active packages, the oil was filled in antioxidant active high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles containing synthetic antioxidant (3700 ppm) and the essential oil (3700 and 8400 ppm). Regarding peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values, the essential oil added to the oil delayed the oil oxidation more than BHT. In active packages, the synthetic and natural antioxidants migrated from the package to the oil (with 68 and 100 % migration rate, respectively) and retarded its oxidation over the storage time. However, no significant difference was observed between essential oil and BHT in antioxidant capacity for active packages. This study demonstrated that active packages containing antioxidants could be introduced as a good replacement for direct addition of synthetic antioxidants to the oil.     

Effects of Tansy Essential Oil from Tanacetum vulgare on Biology of Oblique-Banded Leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana

The formulations TSW (tansy essential oil, surfactant, distilled water) and TSWD (tansy essential oil, surfactant, distilled water, dillapiol) increased the feeding rate of oblique-banded leafroller (OBLR) larvae with increasing concentrations of tansy essential oil. When tansy essential oil was continuously present at 0.1% and 1% in the diet, all OBLR larvae from susceptible and resistant populations died. The presence of 0.01% tansy essential oil in the diet affected female pupal weight, but not larval weight gain, larval developmental time and male pupal weight. Our results suggest that the concentration of tansy essential oil that significantly affects the developmental variables should be between 0.01% and 0.1% of tansy essential oil. Residues of the formulation TE (tansy essential oil, ethanol 95%) deterred oviposition of OBLR female.     

Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil from Farfugium japonicum flower

In this study, the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activities of hydrodistilled essential oil from Farfugium japonicum were investigated for the first time. The chemical constituents of the essential oil were further analyzed by GC-MS and included 1-undecene (22.43%), 1-nonene (19.83%), beta-caryophyllene (12.26%), alpha-copaene (3.70%), gamma-curcumene (2.86%), germacrene D (2.69%), and 1-decene (2.08%). The effects of the essential oil on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages were also examined. The results indicate that the F. japonicum essential oil is an effective inhibitor of LPS-induced NO and PGE(2) production in RAW 264.7 cells. These inhibitory effects of the F. japonicum essential oil were accompanied by dose-dependent decreases in the iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression. In order to determine whether F. japonicum essential oil can safely be applied to human skin, the cytotoxic effects of F. japonicum essential oil were determined by colorimetric MTT assays in human dermal fibroblast and keratinocyte HaCaT cells. F. japonicum essential oil exhibited low cytotoxicity at 100 mug/mL. Based on these results, we suggest that F. japonicum essential oil may be considered a potential anti-inflammatory candidate for topical application.     

Dual Bioactivities of Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves of Artemisia argyi as an Antimelanogenic versus Antioxidant Agent and Chemical Composition Analysis by GC/MS

The study was aimed at investigating the antimelanogenic and antioxidant properties of essential oil when extracted from the leaves of Artemisia argyi, then analyzing the chemical composition of the essential oil. The inhibitory effect of the essential oil on melanogenesis was evaluated by a mushroom tyrosinase activity assay and B16F10 melanoma cell model. The antioxidant capacity of the essential oil was assayed by spectrophotometric analysis, and the volatile chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results revealed that the essential oil significantly inhibits mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC₅₀ = 19.16 mg/mL), down-regulates B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase activity and decreases the amount of melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern. Furthermore, the essential oil significantly scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radicals, showed an apparent reduction power as compared with metal-ion chelating activities. The chemicals constituents in the essential oil are ether (23.66%), alcohols (16.72%), sesquiterpenes (15.21%), esters (11.78%), monoterpenes (11.63%), ketones (6.09%), aromatic compounds (5.01%), and account for a 90.10% analysis of its chemical composition. It is predicted that eucalyptol and the other constituents, except for alcohols, in the essential oil may contribute to its antioxidant activities. The results indicated that essential oil extracted from A. argyi leaves decreased melanin production in B16F10 cells and showed potent antioxidant activity. The essential oil can thereby be applied as an inhibitor of melanogenesis and could also act as a natural antioxidant in skin care products.     

黄花蒿精油的提取及GC-MS分析

以黄花蒿花蕾为原料,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取法提取黄花蒿精油,提取率为2．898％。用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用仪鉴定精油的化学成分．以峰面积归一化法测定各成分的含量,共鉴定出37个化合物,其中桉树脑（36．43％）、环异长叶烯（12．47％）、DL-樟脑（12．34%）、4-萜品醇（5．26％）、环庚-1．3,5-三烯（4．75％）等5种成分含量最高。约占鉴定出化学成分的71．25％。GC—MS方法稳定可靠,适用于中药挥发油的化学成分分析。     

三种理气类中药挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

研究了三种(厚朴、檀香、木香)理气类中药挥发油的化学成分。用水蒸气蒸馏提取三种药材的挥发油,用GC-MS分离检测其化学成分,并结合气相色谱程序升温指数辅助定性确定出挥发油中的化学组分。鉴定出木香挥发油中29个成分(占挥发油总量的92.00%);厚朴挥发油中26个成分(占挥发油总量的91.88%);檀香挥发油中10个成分(占挥发油总量的94.51%),三中药物挥发油的主要成分大不相同。计算了各种化合物的保留指数,使用保留指数辅助定性鉴定出的化合物所占挥发油百分含量明显多于文献中所报道的数据。     

洋芫荽挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取洋芫荽叶中的挥发油,GC-MS技术检测其挥发部分的有效成分,共检测出35个峰,鉴定了其中的22种化合物,占挥发油含量的82.34%。其主要成分为月桂醇(33.5%),2-烯-十二酸(10.06%),月桂酸(6.7%),反-7-烯-十四醛(6.30%),月桂醛(5.44%),桃醛(3.70%)等。