中国有色集团国内冶炼企业资源综合回收

介绍了中国有色集团在国内的主要冶炼企业在资源综合利用方面的进展情况,其中包括了铜冶炼渣选矿贫化、污酸中回收铼、阳极泥综合回收有价金属,锌冶炼净化渣和高浸渣的综合利用,钛白粉生产中的酸性废水处理和绿矾生产铁红等。在对主要冶炼企业资源综合利用的进展总结的基础上,提出了合理化建议。     

铜冶炼炉渣综合利用技术的研究与探讨

铜冶炼渣具有硬度大、密度大、夹杂冰铜块的特点,综合回收难度大,生产成本高。为回收炉渣中铜、铁资源,主流选矿工艺为半自磨+球磨+浮选+磁选,可获得合格的铜精矿和多种用途的铁精矿产品。其指标的高低与炉渣冷却方式、碎磨方式、选矿工艺等密切相关,我国尾渣品位已经降至0.35%以下,比国外尾渣品位降低0.05个百分点以上。     

铜冶炼厂电炉缓冷渣中金属综合回收利用研究

云南某有色金属有限责任公司冶炼厂,主要生产工艺是铜火法冶炼,每天产生电炉缓冷渣约600 t,年产生缓冷渣18万t,该渣平均含铜品位为0.60%、银品位为5.70 g/t,还含有其他金属;该渣进行渣场集中堆存,没有得到合理的回收利用,造成资源的浪费;为减少资源浪费,提高资源综合利用率,提高企业经济效益,我们对该铜冶炼厂的电炉缓冷渣进行选矿回收试验研究,通过试验研究,提出渣中铜矿物的回收技术工艺方向,为该公司回收渣中铜金属的可行建设选厂及生产实践提供参考。     

针对某铜冶炼渣选矿工艺流程的探讨研究

以某铜冶炼渣选矿厂工艺现状为出发点,探讨对比铜冶炼渣碎矿、磨矿、浮选、脱水的不同工艺流程。对比表明,该铜冶炼渣选矿最佳选矿流程为“粗碎+半自磨+阶段磨矿阶段选别+中矿单独再处理”的工艺流程。     

铜熔炼渣贫化方法及技术经济分析

基于铜熔炼渣的物化特征,阐述了现代铜冶炼行业通常采用的渣贫化方法的工艺原理,尤其是通过对广泛认可与采用的电炉和选矿法贫化工艺的技术经济参数与收益进行了分析比较。结果表明,采用选矿法处理熔炼渣符合现代铜冶炼行业渣贫化技术的发展趋势,有利于企业效益的提高与长期发展。     

综合处理铜选矿尾渣和镍熔融渣的工艺研究

金川公司废弃的铜选矿尾渣和镍熔融渣含铁30%~40%,FeO+SiO2含量大于90%。根据弃渣的成分特点,提出了一种综合处理铜选矿尾渣和镍熔融渣的提铁炼钢工艺:将铜选矿尾渣和碳质还原剂进行造块,在矿热炉中熔化还原,冶炼低牌号硅铁,再将热态的含硅铁水与热态的镍熔融渣兑入摇炉,并加石灰控制碱度,冶炼出还原铁水。经过理论分析计算,利用31.2 kg焦炭在矿热炉中熔化还原100 kg铜选矿尾渣,可以冶炼出57.3 kg的含硅28%的硅铁合金。用硅铁还原镍熔融渣,冶炼1 t还原铁水需要镍熔融渣1470 kg,铜选矿尾渣1060 kg,干焦炭298 kg,石灰911 kg。充分利用热态的含硅铁水和镍熔融渣两种热能,用石灰的烘烤温度调节控制摇炉内温度,避免突然爆发的大喷溅,预期可以实现回收渣中绝大部分有价金属的目的。并将产生的炉渣用于制作无机非金属建筑材料,实现弃渣的综合利用。理论分析表明该工艺利用两种弃渣进行提铁是可行的。     

国内冶金动态

正N2014001白银有色集团铜冶炼渣项目年回收铜金属达2.2万t国内目前已建成的渣选工艺中单系列产能最大、技术最先进的项目——白银有色铜冶炼渣资源综合利用项目自2013年6月份顺利达产后一直稳定运行,平均日处理炉渣3 760 t,日回收铜金属60余吨,年可回收铜金属2.2万t,相当于开发了一座大型铜矿山,经济效益、社会效益显着。     

国内冶金动态

N2014001白银有色集团铜冶炼渣项目年回收铜金属达2.2万t 国内目前已建成的渣选工艺中单系列产能最大、技术最先进的项目——白银有色铜冶炼渣资源综合利用项目自2013年6月份顺利达产后一直稳定运行,平均日处理炉渣3 760 t,日回收铜金属60余吨,年可回收铜金属2.2万t,相当于开发了一座大型铜矿山,经济效益、社会效益显着。     

铜冶炼渣选矿Φ5.5×9.5m溢流型球磨机及DCS控制

溢流型球磨机是选矿、渣选系统的大型关键设备,是矿石磨选正常生产的必要前提和基本条件。本文以白银有色集团铜冶炼渣选矿Φ5.5×9.5 m溢流型球磨机为实例,阐述了铜冶炼渣选矿系统中该类设备的结构特点及DCS控制。     

缓冷水质对铜冶炼炉渣缓冷效果的试验与分析

国内铜冶炼厂炉渣普遍采用缓冷工艺回收炉渣中铜金属,主要目的是使铜相粒子聚集长大,为炉渣选矿创造良好的条件。在缓冷和倒渣过程中有时会出现整包、红包和放炮现象,带来安全隐患并影响铜回收率。文章研究了用铜冶炼工厂不同水质的废水,对铜冶炼炉渣缓冷效果的影响和存在的问题。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。