基于氮化硼取向结构的高导热聚合物基复合材料研究进展

简要介绍了氮化硼的分类、结构特点以及其导热特性。重点概述了近几年基于在聚合物基体中形成氮化硼取向结构制备高导热复合材料的研究进展,分析了磁场诱导法、电场诱导法、剪切诱导法、冰晶诱导法以及热压取向等方法的特点。对氮化硼取向填充的导热聚合物基复合材料的未来发展趋势进行了分析与展望,为低填充、高导热绝缘聚合物基复合材料的开发及应用提供借鉴。     

核壳结构粒子/聚合物复合电介质材料研究进展

综述了基于核壳结构粒子的壳层结构调控导体或陶瓷核壳结构粒子/聚合物复合材料介电性能的最新研究进展,分析并总结了壳层设计、种类、结构、厚度等对复合材料介电性能的影响与调控机理,核壳结构粒子能协同改善复合材料的相对介电常数、击穿强度及降低损耗。界面缓冲区的绝缘外壳改善了复合体系界面相容性与填料分散性,有效抑制了载流子迁移,从而显著降低了体系的介电损耗及漏电流;此外,绝缘外壳还减缓了复合材料内部的电场畸变与集中,提高了材料的击穿强度。指出填料粒子核壳结构的合理设计及其与聚合物基体的协同效应,是提高复合电介质材料击穿强度的发展方向。     

氮化硼填充导热绝缘塑料的研究及应用

六方氮化硼(h-BN)由于其高的导热系数和良好的电绝缘性能在学术界和工业界都受到了广泛的关注。以其作为导热填料制备导热绝缘塑料是近年来研究者的重点研究方向。介绍了氮化硼填充的聚合物基复合材料导热性能的影响因素,包括氮化硼的表面功能化、填料混杂、塑料基体以及填料在基体中的取向。此外,还介绍了氮化硼/聚合物复合材料在电子领域的应用情况。     

六方氮化硼在绝缘导热聚合物复合材料中应用研究进展

本文介绍了六方氮化硼作为高导热、高绝缘性无机填料在聚合物中应用研究进展, 探讨了氮化硼在绝缘导热复合材料应用中的发展方向。     

聚合物/新型导热填料复合电介质的研究进展

综述了非常规新型导热粒子如纳米金刚石、碳化物、铁电陶瓷及其他无机功能粒子及其填充聚合物电介质的最新研究进展,重点探讨了新型导热粒子的含量、表面改性、加工方式等对聚合物复合材料的导热及介电性能的影响。介绍和分析了基于有机分子晶体为连续声子传递通路改性聚合物导热性能的研究及机理;在基体树脂内利用无机导热粒子及有机分子晶体可构筑连续的声子导热通路,从而达到降低界面热阻、提高体系热导率的目的。相比传统导热粒子,新型导热粒子在提高绝缘聚合物热导率的同时,还赋予体系其他物理性能如磁性、优良介电性能及储能等性能。     

不同粒径氮化硼填充环氧树脂/玻璃纤维绝缘导热复合材料的研究

以聚砜改性环氧树脂为基体,通过高温模压制备了环氧树脂/玻璃纤维/氮化硼复合材料,研究了不同粒径及不同氮化硼导热粒子用量对复合材料导热性能、力学性能和电性能的影响。结果表明,大粒径粒子有利于复合材料力学性能的提高,小粒径有利于导热性能的提高;随着氮化硼用量的增加,复合材料的导热性能升高,力学性能呈现先增后降趋势,当氮化硼用量为10%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度均达到最佳,当氮化硼用量为20%时,复合材料仍保持较好的电性能。     

不同粒径氮化硼填充环氧树脂/玻璃纤维

以聚砜改性环氧树脂为基体,通过高温模压制备了环氧树脂/玻璃纤维/氮化硼复合材料,研究了不同粒径及不同氮化硼导热粒子用量对复合材料导热性能、力学性能和电性能的影响。结果表明,大粒径粒子有利于复合材料力学性能的提高,小粒径有利于导热性能的提高;随着氮化硼用量的增加,复合材料的导热性能升高,力学性能呈现先增后降趋势,当氮化硼用量为10 %（质量分数,下同）时,复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度均达到最佳,当氮化硼用量为20 %时,复合材料仍保持较好的电性能。     

复合绝缘导热胶粘剂研究

以增韧的酚醛环氧树脂为基体树脂,氮化铝、氮化硼、氧化铝混杂粒子为导热填料制备了-新型绝缘导热胶粘剂。研究了填料用量对胶粘剂热导率、热阻、介电常数、体积电阻率等性能的影响,发现填料用量为40％时胶粘剂的热导率为O．99 W／mK,热阻为0．70℃／W,介电常数6,体积电阻率4．6×1012Ω·cm,20℃、200℃、250℃下的剪切强度分别为13．0MPa、10．0MPa、5．65MPa。研究结果表明该胶具备良好的电绝缘及力学性能,可以长期在150℃温度下使用,与不加导热填料的相同胶粘剂相比,具有良好的导热能力。     

氮化硼对硅橡胶复合材料导热性能和力学性能的影响

研究了氮化硼微观结构(团聚体和片状微观结构)和用量对硅橡胶复合材料导热性能、力学性能、基体中分散形态结构的影响.结果 表明,随着氮化硼用量的增加,硅橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度和导热系数提高;当硅橡胶复合材料填料用量相同时,氮化硼团聚体比片状氮化硼的导热系数高,但拉伸强度低;当球状结构的氮化硼团聚体用量为100份时,硅橡胶复...     

氮化硼/聚合物复合材料的制备及应用研究进展

氮化硼具有独特的力学性能、化学稳定性、电性能和热稳定性,作为填料在制备聚合物基复合材料方面受到人们的高度重视。本文介绍了原位聚合法及共混法等氮化硼/聚合物复合材料的制备方法,并综述了氮化硼/聚合物复合材料在导热材料、屏蔽材料及其他方面的应用研究进展。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。