共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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含酸原油在世界原油产量中所占比例越来越大。原油中的酸性物质主要是环烷酸。环烷酸是一种宝贵的化工资料,目前还不能有效地进行人工合成,只能来自含酸原油的处理。环烷酸在原油集输处理与加工中,会带来诸多不利影响。为了解决了环烷酸在加工过程中的危害,开发了很多脱酸处理方法,但能够直接对原油进行脱酸处理的技术还处于起步阶段。"高酸原油化学脱酸技术"为高酸原油的脱酸处理起到示范与带动作用。 相似文献
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对高酸原油的催化脱酸效果进行了试验,分别进行了不同温度下的脱酸效果,不同空速下的脱酸效果,不同催化剂下的脱酸效果以及不同种类的有机酸的脱酸效果的试验研究。通过研究可知Mg对于催化剂的脱酸效果有重要的影响,浸镁的ML-16B催化剂效果明显高于不浸镁的催化剂,且脱酸效果随温度的升高而增加;在重时空速方面,当空速低于18 h-1时,如果继续降低空速不但不能有效的提高脱酸率还会增加脱酸成本;比较了不同酸种类的脱酸效果可以发现,有机酸的碳链越长,脱酸效果越差。 相似文献
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Thermal gradient deacidification of crude rice bran oil utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
Nurhan Turgut Dunford Jerry W. King 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2001,78(2):121-125
The effect of isothermal and temperature gradient operation of a supercritical fluid fractionation column on the composition
of rice brain oil (RBO) fractions has been studied. Application of a temperature gradient along the column was found to be
beneficial in reducing the triacylglycerol (TAG) lost in the extract fraction. Utilization of higher temperature in the stripping
section improved free fatty acid (FFA) removal from crude RBO. FFA acid content of the extract increased, and TAG content
decreased with respect to time during the fractionation runs. Increasing the CO2 flow rate from 1.2 to 2 L/min did not affect the extract composition significantly. By using the above approach, it is possible
to obtain RBO fractions with similar total sterol ester content [∼23 high-performance liquid chromatographic area (HPLC) %,
ferulic plus fatty acid esters] to that of the commercially available sterol ester-enriched (ca. 21 HPLC area % fatty acid
esters) margarines/spreads. 相似文献
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刘陈宇 《化学工业与工程技术》2012,33(5):58-60
介绍了企业在实施原油优化调合系统中为了稳定原油性质、实时优化调合配方、实现在线原油调合而开发的原油快速评价模块。通过该模块的使用,大大降低了原油评价的时间,能稳定、实时地检测各调合支路及总路的原油评价性质,为优化调合模块提供了准确的性质数据,实现了调合配方的实时优化,达到原油的在线调合目标,提高了装置运行的平稳率,为企业优化生产、降本增效提供了有力支撑。 相似文献
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石油酸是原油和馏分油中普遍存在的腐蚀性物质,其主要成分为环烷酸并且含量可以高达90%以上。环烷酸具有羧酸的所有化学性质,所以常常造成严重的腐蚀,从而影响原油加工设备及油品使用设备的正常运行和使用寿命。随着近年来世界范围内高酸原油产量的逐渐增加,高原油及各种高酸值馏分油所带来的腐蚀与产品质量问题显得愈发严重,因此迫切需要开发出经济高效的脱酸技术与工艺路线。本文较为全面而详细地总结并评述了国内外原油及油品的各种脱酸技术方法。分析表明:目前所报道的各类脱酸工艺较多,其中工业应用的加氢脱酸效果虽好但是成本较高,而其他大多数脱酸方法都存在较多的缺点或不足,因此探寻一种绿色环保、经济高效并且具有较好普适性的油品脱酸工艺显得非常迫切而必要。酯化法脱酸具有加工工艺简单、不需要复杂的后继处理,几乎可以降低所有的高酸值原油和油品(轻质、重质馏分油以及渣油)的酸值,为原料油的进一步加工提供了方便。酯化脱酸工艺的关键在于高效催化剂的选择,而目前的催化酯化体系虽然脱酸率较高,但仍存在着反应时间较长的不足,相信通过反应过程强化等手段解决该问题以后,催化酯化脱酸工艺会被很快投入到原油及油品的脱酸实际工业生产中去。 相似文献
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Deacidification in physical refining is one of the most sensitive steps in refining edible vegetable oils because of its large
impact on the quality of the oil. The removal of volatile compounds such as FFA is accomplished at elevated temperatures and
a high vacuum with a stripping gas, usually steam. The aim of this work was to verify, at the laboratory level, the advantages
of using an alternative stripping gas, nitrogen, instead of steam. An ideal vapor-liquid equilibrium model (IVLE) was used
to compare the stripping capacities of steam and nitrogen and to analyze the effects of various operational parameters (temperature,
pressure, amount of stripping gas) on the residual acidity of the oil. There was no clear evidence that nitrogen showed a
higher capacity to strip FFA than steam. The IVLE model seemed suitable to describe FFA laboratory distillation by using steam
or nitrogen, provided the final residual content of FFA was not too low. 相似文献
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On the application of supercritical fluid extraction to the deacidification of olive oils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Gonçalves A. M. P. Vasconcelos E. J. S. Gomes de Azevedo H. J. Chaves das Neves M. Nunes da Ponte 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(7):474-480
A recent suggestion on the applicability of supercritical fluid extraction to the deacidification of olive oils of high acid
content was based on solubility data in clear disagreement with the results of other authors. In this work, we measured the
solubilities of substances chosen for their importance in that extraction process, namely pure glycerol trioleate, the most
abundant triglyceride in olive oil, and of a husk oil with a high acid content. Our results agree well with some of the previous
reports on this subject. These seem to be a trustworthy data base, but more results are needed for a definite conclusion about
the technical feasibility of the process. 相似文献
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为了提高轻质油收率,解决石油市场的供需矛盾,人们提出并开发了原油强化蒸馏技术。为此,介绍了加剂强化蒸馏作用机理,归纳了活化剂的设计原则和主要成分,通过对原油强化蒸馏的实验研究和工业应用的总结,指出了其目前存在的问题,并对原油强化蒸馏今后的发展提出一些建议。 相似文献