基于长波近红外的便携式品质分析仪的研制及应用

针对野外和现场的产品品质分析应用,研制了一种基于长波近红外的便携式品质分析仪.该仪器具有结构紧凑、重量轻、体积小、响应速度快、携带方便、操作简单、环境适应性强等优点.从硬件与软件两方面详细描述了该分析仪的性能特点.对3台同型仪器进行性能测试,结果显示该型分析仪性能稳定,仪器一致性好,已经达到国际同类仪器水平.小麦和大豆的无损测定表明该分析仪可靠性高且模型传递效果好.性能测试及建模实验表明该分析仪具有较强的现场应用能力,能够满足各种野外检测需求.     

便携式能量色散X荧光分析仪的研制

本文介绍了一种新型便携式能量色散X荧光分析仪的工作原理与硬件结构,该仪器可在野外现场进行多元素快速、无损分析。仪器的准确度、精确度及检出限等各项性能指标均能满足野外现场物质成份分析工作的需要。     

基于嵌入式微机的X荧光仪的研制

本文介绍了一种基于嵌入式微机的X荧光仪工作原理与硬件结构.该仪器可在野外现场进行多元素快速、无损分析.仪器的系统指标和分析指标等各项性能指标均能满足野外现场物质成份分析工作的需要.     

行业信息与动态

<正> 61W小型分光光度计由上海光学仪器厂研制的61W小型分光光度计,于最近通过了技术鉴定。该仪器主要用于农业、环保、地质、医疗、生物化学等部门作现场可见光范围内的吸收光谱分析,也可作为各院校分析专业的教学仪器。该仪器重量轻、体积小、操作方便,各项指标可满足常规可见吸收光谱分析、特别是满足现场及野外检测的需要。仪器采用微机数据处理,数字显示测量数据,具有较高的技术水平。     

碳储深孔pH值在线监测仪器的设计

为了防止储存到地层中的二氧化碳泄漏对环境产生严重影响,需要对封存深层区开展pH值原位在线监测,以确定二氧化碳的地下动态。为此设计了一种基于温度补偿的高精度低漂移pH值在线监测仪器,以低功耗MSP430F5438微处理器为核心。设计了基准源双路同步差分采样电路,研究和分析了造成智能仪器零点发生漂移的原因,同时结合数字滤波技术,解决了智能仪器在复杂工作环境下的零点漂移问题,形成了一套完备的智能仪器零点漂移自动补偿技术方法。该仪器已在野外进行了安装应用,取得了满意的效果,对于监控场地二氧化碳泄漏具有重要的意义。该仪器的测量精度达到±0.05 pH,能够满足在线监测的需要,现已用于工程监测,具有较广泛的应用前景。     

数字显示携带式硫化氢分析仪

硫化氢是一种有毒气体,为保障人员安全,研制了数字显示携带式硫化氢分析仪。该仪器主要采用多孔Ag_2S电极和KOH-二甲亚砜电解液组成硫化氢传感器,用数字电路组成二次仪表,在仪器上可直接显示被测H_2S的浓度。仪器线路简单,读数直观,体积小重量轻,耗电量小,交直流两用,携带方便,适用于野外或车间现场快速分析。仪器响应时间小于1分钟,最低检出限为0.1ppm,测量浓度范围为0.1～9.9ppm。     

车载型气相色谱仪抗冲击振动设计

车载型气相色谱仪是野外环境条件下化验车完成其分析任务的关键设备之一。为了适应野外环境的特殊要求,需要对气相色谱仪结构重新设计,以满足车载气相色谱仪高抗冲击性和高抗振动性的要求。     

弧齿锥齿轮齿距测量及仪器

本文对相对法及绝对法测量弧齿锥齿轮的齿距误差的精度进行了分析与比较。相对法远不能满足弧齿锥齿轮高精度测量的要求。而绝对式半自动测齿仪和单啮仪,只能测量圆柱齿轮。研制的“光栅式齿距误差测量仪”,适用于弧齿锥齿轮的测量。本文论述了该仪器的工作原理,对仪器分度装置、锁相倍频器、乘Z计数器中的某些精度问题进行了分析,介绍了用简单计数电路实现在一定范围内各种齿数的测量,采用计数器代数运算电路计算△t_∑(△t_(∑i))、△t_p、△_xt。该仪器还适用于对圆柱齿轮、圆锥直齿轮、蜗轮等的测量。     

能量色散X荧光分析仪的软硬件设计

研制了一种操作简单、性价比高的能量色散X荧光分析仪。该仪器以STM32为控制系统核心,使用DELPHI进行软件开发,具有自动校正、数据采集、数据处理等功能。仪器具有一定的反馈调节功能,可适用多种工作环境。     

光学和光学仪器—大地测量仪器—确定精度的野外试验程度 第2部分：经纬仪

1　范　围本部分国际标准规定了用于确定和评价大地测量用经纬仪精度的野外试验程度。试验是为了考核仪器的可操作性 ,而不是作为验收条件或性能演示。本试验程度适用于确定在同一时间不同仪器的精度或在不同时间同一台仪器的精度。本野外试验程序适用于各种场合而不需要特殊的辅助设备 ,并且已考虑到使大气的影响降到最小。注——有关建筑用测试仪器的其它国际标准也可通用。2　引用标准下列标准所包含的条文 ,通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时 ,所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订 ,使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下…     

MS-S激光衍射粒度分析仪在聚乙烯生产中的应用

介绍了MASTERSIZER-S激光衍射粒度分析仪(英国马尔文公司)在聚乙烯生产中的应用。使用该仪器,采用干法中的自由落体进样器对聚乙烯聚合物粉料粒度分布进行了直接测量。与原有的马尔文2600C粒度测量仪相比较,MS-S粒度分析仪具有操作简便、分析重复性好的特点,非常适合聚乙烯生产过程中的快速分析。     

数字式溶解氧分析仪的研制

设计了一种基于极谱法的数字式微量溶解氧分析仪(HK-258型),介绍了溶解氧传感器的工作原理和结构.仪器以单片机为核心进行控制和信号处理,抗干扰能力强,性能可靠稳定.与瑞士Orbisphere公司的溶解氧记录仪作了对比测试.仪器测量精度达到μg/L级.     

A digital dynamic amplitude-frequency spectrum analyzer

A new method for recurrent calculations of spectral coefficients is used in the analyzer. A spectrum analyzer developed in accordance with up-to-date digital processing conceptions is based on very-large-scale-integration components, such as a high-speed field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a specialized signal microprocessor. The analyzer is based on a personal computer PCI card and operates on the Windows platform.     

基于XRF技术的大气重金属在线分析仪的研制

针对大气中铅、铬、镉等重金属在线监测的应用需求,研制了基于X射线荧光分析技术的大气重金属在线分析仪。该仪器具有可同时监测20多种元素、检出限低、无损快速、使用方便和维护成本低等优点。详细描述了仪器的总体设计及主要结构,展现了仪器性能特点;对仪器进行性能测试,结果显示该分析仪性能稳定,达到国际同类仪器水平。该分析仪监测大气中铅元素浓度结果与ICP-MS(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry)分析仪结果对比相对误差在4%以内。将该分析仪应用于杭州某大气监测站,连续监测大气重金属变化情况,实验结果表明该分析仪可靠性高、具有较强的现场应用能力,满足现场应用需求。     

Design of shared bus DSP board in vector network analyzer

Currently,the mainstream vector network analyzer employs embedded computer module with a digital intermediate frequency （IF） board to form a high performance windows platform.Under this structure,the vector network analyzer needs a powerful encoding system to arbitrate the bus acquirement,which is usually realized by field-programmable gate array （FPGA） chip.The paper explores the shared bus design method of the digital signal processing （DSP） board in network analyzer.Firsty,it puts an emphasis on the system structure,and then the shared bus communication method is described in detail; Finally,the advantages of the shared bus communication mechanism are summanzed.     

A Compact Neutral-Particle Analyzer for Plasma Diagnostics

A new compact neutral-particle analyzer (CNPA) developed at the Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, is described. The device is used as a mass and energy spectrometer for the simultaneous analysis of the hydrogen (0.8–80 keV) and deuterium (0.66–36 keV) charge-exchange fluxes emitted by a plasma. A thin (100 Å) diamond-like foil is used for stripping instead of the conventional method of stripping in gas. The analyzing magnetic field is produced by two powerful (1 T) permanent NdFeB magnets instead of conventional electromagnets. These two innovations have made it possible to decrease considerably the size (169 × 302 × 326 mm) and weight (42.5 kg) of the analyzer. To increase detection efficiency, the device uses additional electrostatic acceleration of ions scattered by the stripping foil and provides a magnetic field configuration with two-coordinate focusing. The analyzer has been used in experiments on the Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator at the Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics (Garching, Germany). The results of the first measurements performed using this analyzer are described.     

镶嵌式小型十六极阵列质谱计分析器的研制

结合我国可机加工陶瓷材料及其精密加工技术现状,提出独具特色的小型十六极阵列质谱计分析器的镶嵌式结构。根据分析器电极排列几何精度与质量范围、分辨率之间关系,提出设计要求,给出镶嵌式分析器整体和关键部件的结构设计,以及关键部件的测量结果。分析器的体积和重量为15.4 cm3和50.3 g,质量范围和质量分辨率为50 amu和1 amu。最后,展望了镶嵌式小型十六极阵列质谱计的应用前景。     

Cutoff probe using Fourier analysis for electron density measurement

This paper proposes a new method for cutoff probe using a nanosecond impulse generator and an oscilloscope, instead of a network analyzer. The nanosecond impulse generator supplies a radiating signal of broadband frequency spectrum simultaneously without frequency sweeping, while frequency sweeping method is used by a network analyzer in a previous method. The transmission spectrum (S21) was obtained through a Fourier analysis of the transmitted impulse signal detected by the oscilloscope and was used to measure the electron density. The results showed that the transmission frequency spectrum and the electron density obtained with a new method are very close to those obtained with a previous method using a network analyzer. And also, only 15 ns long signal was necessary for spectrum reconstruction. These results were also compared to the Langmuir probe's measurements with satisfactory results. This method is expected to provide not only fast measurement of absolute electron density, but also function in other diagnostic situations where a network analyzer would be used (a hairpin probe and an impedance probe) by replacing the network analyzer with a nanosecond impulse generator and an oscilloscope.     

便携式PCR-CE微流体芯片分析仪控制系统设计

本文设计并开发出用于DNA聚合酶链式反应（PCR）和毛细管电泳（CE）分离的微流体芯片分析仪控制系统.本系统采用32位嵌入式微控制器ARM实现PCR扩增所需的3条恒温区的闭环温度控制和毛细管电泳分离功能所需的高压电场自动控制.由于对恒温区温度的精确控制是影响PCR反应的关键因素,因此温度控制系统采用模糊免疫PID算法实现对温度的精确控制,其控制性能优于常规PID控制器.本仪器还包括矩阵式键盘、小型液晶显示屏、串行通信模块和毛细管电泳分离模块.实验结果表明本系统不但完全满足设计要求,而且PCR温度控制更加精确,分析软件功能全面,系统体积小,便于室外使用.     

A PORTABLE FLOW INJECTION ANALYZER FOR THE IN SITU DETERMINATION OF FILTERABLE REACTIVE PHOSPHORUS (FRP) IN FRESHWATER

The development and deployment of a portable flow injection analyzer for continuous, real-time monitoring of filterable reactive phosphorus (FRP) in the Tamar catchment is described. The optimized method can be used for the determination of FRP in freshwater systems (4–150 μg L^?1 P) and is capable of sampling with high temporal resolution (up to 15 samples h^?1). The analyzer, fitted with a pre-filter and an in-line membrane filter (0.45 μm, cellulose acetate), was used in situ (bank-side and shipboard deployment) to provide real-time FRP data and in the laboratory to determine FRP in freshwater samples. The portable FRP analyzer was reproducible (RSD < 5%; n = 3) over the range 4–150 μg L^?1 P and accurate, achieving good agreement with a laboratory based air-segmented continuous flow analyzer reference method for a range of freshwater samples from the Tamar catchment in SW England.