基于滤波器组的纹理分类研究

论述了基于滤波器组的纹理分类方法。该方法首先利用滤波器组对纹理进行滤波,纹理特征是用滤波器输出的统计值表示的;然后用这些特征向量进行纹理分类研究,分类主要利用了简单(naive)Bayes分类方法和最大加权相关树分类方法。实验显示,最大加权相关树分类方法的效果是较好的。     

基于剪切波变换的纹理图像分类

二维可分离小波在纹理分析领域得到了成功的应用,但它只提取图像水平、垂直和对角方向的频率信息,其变换滤波器是各向同性的,不能很好地表达纹理的细节。利用剪切波变换优良的多尺度性、局域性和方向性,提出一种基于剪切波变换（Shearlet transform）的纹理分类算法。该方法先对纹理图像做剪切波变换,得到各尺度、方向子带的剪切系数,计算尺度间子带能量比,以尺度间能量比为权对各子带能量加权,以加权后的子带能量作为特征矢量,用K邻近分类器进行分类。实验结果表明该方法比基于小波的纹理分类方法更加有效。     

基于纹理特征的古瓷片分类研究

通过对Gabor滤波器相关参数的分析,提出了一组具有多尺度和多方向特征的Gabor滤波器对古瓷碎片图像进行处理,获取图像的纹理特征数据。采用主分量分析方法对所获取的纹理特征向量进行降维,利用最近邻法进行分类,实现了对古瓷碎片的自动分类识别。     

基于局部谱能量自相似矩阵的纹理描述

对于纹理检测和分类中的纹理描述问题,提出一种新的基于Gabor滤波器组局部谱能量的自相似矩阵来描述纹理的方法。首先采用多尺度、方向的极坐标对数Gabor滤波器组对纹理模板进行滤波,获得频域上局部频段和方向上的纹理信息;然后计算频域上各尺度、方向上局部谱能量的自相似度量,将这些度量值以自相似矩阵的形式进行存储,并作为纹理特征的描述子;最后将这种描述方法应用到纹理检测和分类中。由于该描述子主要体现的是纹理模板在不同频段和方向局部谱能量的自相似程度,所以它对滤波器参数的依赖度较低。实验中利用纹理特征描述子可以实现比较准确的纹理检测,多类纹理合成图像分类实验的准确率达到了91%以上。实验结果说明,纹理局部谱能量的自相似矩阵是一种十分有效的纹理描述方法,其检测和分类的结果对后期的纹理分割、纹理识别等研究领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于局部谱能量自相似矩阵的纹理描述

对于纹理检测和分类中的纹理描述问题,提出一种新的基于Gabor滤波器组局部谱能量的自相似矩阵来描述纹理的方法。首先采用多尺度、方向的极坐标对数Gabor滤波器组对纹理模板进行滤波,获得频域上局部频段和方向上的纹理信息;然后计算频域上各尺度、方向上局部谱能量的自相似度量,将这些度量值以自相似矩阵的形式进行存储,并作为纹理特征的描述子;最后将这种描述方法应用到纹理检测和分类中。由于该描述子主要体现的是纹理模板在不同频段和方向局部谱能量的自相似程度,所以它对滤波器参数的依赖度较低。实验中利用纹理特征描述子可以实现比较准确的纹理检测,多类纹理合成图像分类实验的准确率达到了91%以上。实验结果说明,纹理局部谱能量的自相似矩阵是一种十分有效的纹理描述方法,其检测和分类的结果对后期的纹理分割、纹理识别等研究领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

高斯颜色模型在瓷片图像分类中的应用

由于RGB颜色空间不能很好贴近人的视觉感知,同时也缺少对空间结构的描述,因此采用兼顾颜色信息和空间信息的高斯颜色模型以获取更全面的特征,提出了一种基于高斯颜色模型和多尺度滤波器组的彩色纹理图像分类法,用于瓷器碎片图像的分类。首先将原始图像的RGB颜色空间转换到高斯颜色模型;再用正规化多尺度LM滤波器组对高斯颜色模型的3个通道构造滤波图像,并借助主成分分析寻找主特征图,接着选取各通道的最大高斯拉普拉斯和最大高斯响应图像,与特征图联合构成特征图像组用以进行参数提取;最后以支持向量机作为分类器进行学习和分类。实验结果表明,与基于灰度的、基于RGB模型的和基于RGB_bior 4.4小波的方法相比,本文方法具有更好的分类结果,其中在Outex纹理图像库上获得的分类准确率为96.7%,在瓷片图像集上获得的分类准确率为94.2%。此方法可推广应用到其他彩色纹理分类任务。     

基于小波变换的纹理图像分割

基于小波的纹理图像分割方法是把小波变换应用于纹理的特征提取。通过对原始纹理图像进行高阶小波分解，构成每个象素对应一个特征矢量，对所提取的特征利用均值举类算法进行分类，最终获得图像的分割结果。为了提高纹理分割图像的边缘准确性和区域性以及降低分割错误率，提出了利用特征加权来进行后分割的方法。     

基于离散平稳小波和非下采样方向滤波器组的纹理分类

结合小波变换的多尺度性和Contourlet变换的多方向性,提出了一种新的基于离散平稳小波变换和无下采样方向滤波器组(stationary wavelet transform and nonsubsampled directional filter banks,SWT-NSDFB)的纹理分类方法,采用具有平移不变性的离散平稳小波先进行多尺度分解;然后对每层分解得到的高频子带采用非下采样方向滤波器组进行多方向分解,再计算低频子带和各层方向子带的能量作为纹理特征;最后用支持向量机实现纹理分类。实验结果表明,该     

面向遥感影像纹理提取的Gabor滤波器组参数解算研究

基于Gabor滤波器的纹理特征提取方法是一种常用的影像纹理提取方法,由于遥感影像上地物纹理的多样性,通常用多方向和多频道的Gabor滤波器组来提取遥感影像上的纹理特征。本文分析了Gabor滤波器的图形特征,以普遍使用的Gabor滤波器组作为研究对象,研究了滤波器组参数间的解算关系,研究结果可为滤波器组的实现和设计提供参考。     

基于人类视觉特性的纹理分割方法

纹理分割是将一幅图像依据纹理不同分成若干个不同的区域,目前广泛采用的是利用滤波器族(如Gabor)对图像进行分解.但由于图像纹理表现的各异性,通常要选择很多滤波器,导致提取的特征困难,分类效果不好,效率低,使用范围受限.文中提出了一种基于人类视觉系统(Human Visual System,HVS)二阶机理的纹理分割方法,即基于‘滤波器->整流->滤波器'(FRF)模型的纹理分割方法.该算法符合HVS区分纹理机理,计算过程简单、方便.针对各纹理选取的特征明显,分类效果好,效率较高.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。