鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639对小鼠免疫功能的影响及机制研究

目的 研究鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)R9639对小鼠免疫功能的调控作用。方法 分别灌胃给予小鼠2.5、5.0、15.0 mg/kg的鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639 30 d后,测定小鼠脏器/体重比;抗体生成细胞实验、血清溶血素测定实验评价其对小鼠体液免疫功能的影响;脾淋巴细胞转化实验、迟发型变态反应实验评价其对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响;小鼠碳廓清实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验评价其对小鼠单核-巨噬细胞功能的影响;NK细胞活性测定实验评价其对小鼠NK细胞活性的影响。结果 鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639对小鼠胸腺/体重比值、脾脏/体重比值均无显著影响;与对照组相比,5.0、15.0 mg/kg的鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639组HC₅₀明显升高(P<0.05)、迟发型变态反应显著增强(P<0.05)、小鼠的碳廓清能力显著提高(P<0.05);15.0 mg/kg的鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639组小鼠NK细胞活性显著增强(P<0.05)。结论 鼠李糖乳杆菌R9639可通过增强体液免疫、细胞免疫、单核-巨噬细胞功能及NK细胞活性来增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

冬虫夏草菌丝体改善肺免疫功能的研究

本文主要对冬虫夏草菌丝体改善肺部免疫功能进行研究。以Wistar大鼠为研究对象,将大鼠分为空白对照组、低剂量组(1.42g/kg.bw)和高剂量组(2.83g/kg.bw)。连续灌胃冬虫夏草菌丝体28d后,与空白对照组相比,低、高剂量组的肺巨噬细胞吞噬率分别提高54.9% (P<0.05)和79.0% (P<0.01);吞噬指数分别提高52.2%(P<0.05)和93.8%(P<0.01);肺巨噬细胞内酸性磷酸酶(ACPase)活性分别提高80.8% (P<0.05),96.6% (P<0.05),精氨酸酶(Arginase)活性分别提高94.0% (P<0.05)和44.8%(P<0.05)。本文还以昆明种小鼠为研究对象对冬虫夏草菌丝体的全身非特异性免疫功能进行研究。将小鼠分为空白对照组、低剂量组(2.83g/kg.bw)和高剂量组(5.66g/kg.bw)。与空白对照组相比,低、高剂量组的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率分别提高21.9% (P<0.05)和52.4%(P<0.001);腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数分别提高29.6%(P<0.001)和60.1%(P<0.001);小鼠廓清指数分别提高10.6%(P<0.05)和15.5% (P<0.05),碳廓清吞噬指数分别提高了8.2%(P>0.05)和10.5%(P<0.01)。结果提示:冬虫夏草菌丝体具有提高肺巨噬细胞及全身非特异性免疫的功能。     

蓝莓发酵原浆冻干粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响研究

该文依据相关标准检测蓝莓发酵原浆的功效成分。将SPF级雄性Balb/c小鼠随机分为对照组、蓝莓发酵原浆冻干粉低、中、高剂量组(0.75、1.50 g/kg bw和2.25 g/kg bw),连续灌胃30 d,进行免疫器官脏器指数测定、脾淋巴细胞转化实验、迟发型变态反应实验、血清溶血素测定、抗体生成细胞检测、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验、碳廓清实验和NK细胞活性测定。结果表明:中剂量组和高剂量组小鼠足跖厚度的差值显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),各剂量组的小鼠抗体积数均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),中剂量组和高剂量组的溶血空斑数显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),说明蓝莓发酵原浆冻干粉具有增强免疫力的功能。实验结果可为蓝莓的开发利用提供依据。     

乳清小肽及添加乳清小肽婴儿配方奶粉免疫功能评价

为评价乳清小肽及添加乳清小肽婴儿配方奶粉的免疫调节作用,按不同剂量或添加量分为5组,并以蒸馏水为对照组,进行为期30d的小鼠灌胃试验。用ICR小鼠测定碳粒廓清吞噬指数和血清半数溶血值(HC50),用BALB/c小鼠测定T/B淋巴细胞增殖刺激指数(SI)和自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性。结果表明:给予0.2g/kg和0.4g/kg乳清小肽,可轻微提高小鼠碳粒廓清吞噬指数,而对小鼠NK细胞活性无显著影响;0.4g/kg乳清小肽,可明显降低小鼠T淋巴细胞SI值和HC50值(P<0.05)。给予4.0g/kg奶粉,可显著提高小鼠碳粒廓清吞噬指数、NK细胞活性和HC50值(P<0.05,P<0.01),而对T/B淋巴细胞SI值无显著影响。相比对照组,奶粉中添加5%和10%乳清小肽,可显著提高小鼠吞噬指数(P<0.05)和NK细胞活性(P<0.01),其中添加10%乳清小肽,可显著降低T淋巴细胞SI值(P<0.05)。与奶粉组比较,5%和10%乳清小肽奶粉组的HC50值及10%乳清小肽奶粉组的T淋巴细胞SI值,显著低于奶粉组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。将乳清小肽添加在婴儿配方奶粉中,可起到一定的免疫调节作用。     

DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末制备：壁材对储存稳定性、体外消化及细胞摄取的影响

为开发具有更高储存稳定性和生物利用度的负载DHA藻油的脂质体粉末,以DHA藻油为原料,首先利用大豆卵磷脂制备负载DHA藻油的纳米脂质体悬液,继而分别使用3种壁材(麦芽糊精、羟丙基-β-环糊精及二者质量比为1∶1的混合物)对脂质体悬液包埋后进行喷雾干燥,制得DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末,最后比较了3种壁材对脂质体粉末氧化稳定性、体外消化和细胞摄取的影响。结果表明：DHA藻油脂质体悬液制备的最佳条件为大豆卵磷脂与DHA藻油质量比3∶1、超声时间1 min、旋蒸温度45℃、PBS的pH 7.0、PBS浓度0.02 mol/L、PBS用量10 mL(大豆卵磷脂与藻油总质量0.4 g时),在此条件下DHA藻油脂质体悬液的包封率为88.01%;3种脂质体粉末粒径范围在(253.87±1.96)～(408.80±1.23)nm之间,Zeta电位在(-40.80±0.78)～(-34.87±0.25) mV之间;羟丙基-β-环糊精与麦芽糊精混合物为壁材时,DHA藻油纳米脂质体粉末具有更高的氧化稳定性、更低的水分含量和更慢的脂肪酸体外消化释放率;3种脂质体粉末使Caco-2细胞中SLC27 A4、FABP4...     

菠萝蜜低聚肽的免疫调节作用研究

目的:探究菠萝蜜低聚肽(jackfruit oligopeptides,JOPs)免疫调节功能。方法:采用SPF级雌性BALB/c小鼠为实验对象,进行8项免疫实验测定,系统评价不同干预剂量(0.20、0.40、0.80 g/kg·bw)JOPs对小鼠免疫器官相对重量、细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能、自然杀伤细胞(nature killer cell,NK细胞)活性以及T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。结果:与空白对照组相比,JOPs 0.40、0.80 g/kg·bw剂量组脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),且JOPs 0.40 g/kg·bw剂量组脾脏指数显著高于乳清蛋白组(P<0.05);与空白对照组及乳清蛋白组相比,JOPs 0.40、0.80 g/kg·bw剂量组ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、足跖增厚度、溶血空斑数、碳廓清吞噬指数a、巨噬细胞吞噬率与吞噬指数及NK细胞活性显著提高(P<0.05),JOPs 0.80 g/kg·bw剂量组血清溶血素含量、CD3+T细胞数量、CD4+T细胞百分比及CD4+CD25+/CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值显著提高(P<0.05);各JOPs剂量组对小鼠体重增长、胸腺指数均无显著性影响(P>0.05)。结论:JOPs可提高机体适应性免疫及固有免疫功能,起到免疫增强作用。     

芒果皮黄酮的免疫调节作用

芒果皮黄酮200 mg/kg能显著增加正常小鼠脾脏重量;200 mg/kg·d,400 mg/kg·d剂量组可提高小鼠血液碳粒廓清速率;在体外能显著增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力(P<0.05),且具有剂量效应关系.     

全蝎保健酒的增强免疫力功能研究

研究全蝎保健酒对小鼠免疫功能的影响。将SPF级ICR雄性小鼠200只随机分为4个实验组,每个实验组动物分为空白对照组、溶媒对照组、低、中、高剂量组(0.85、1.7、5.1 g/kg·bw)5组。空白对照组给予纯化水,溶媒对照组给予15%的酒基,连续灌胃30 d,每日1次。检测全蝎保健酒对刀豆蛋白A(Concanavalin A)诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化能力、迟发型变态反应、血清溶血素水平、抗体生成细胞数、小鼠碳廓清能力、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力及NK细胞活性等免疫指标的影响。与溶媒对照组比较,全蝎保健酒高剂量组能显著增强小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖能力(P0.05),能明显促进小鼠迟发型变态反应(P0.05),能显著提高小鼠抗体生成细胞数水平(P0.05);高、中剂量组可显著增强NK细胞活性(P0.05);但全蝎酒各剂量组对小鼠胸腺/体重比值、脾脏/体重比值、血清溶血素水平、碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞作用无明显影响(P0.05)。全蝎保健酒具有增强小鼠免疫力的功能。     

DHA藻油与阿尔茨海默病相关性研究

通过检测SD大鼠脑组织乙酰胆碱水平，研究DHA藻油与阿尔茨海默病的相关性。将DHA藻油、微生物ARA油与花生营养调和油调配后给SD大鼠灌胃，灌胃剂量3 mL/d,饲养8周后，处死测其脑组织的乙酰胆碱水平。结果表明：阴性对照组（花生营养调和油）、阳性对照组(含纯DHA 500 mg、纯ARA 200 mg的调配油)、治疗高剂量组（含纯DHA 400 mg、纯ARA 200 mg的调配油）、治疗中剂量组（含纯DHA 300 mg、纯ARA 200 mg的调配油）、治疗低剂量组（含纯DHA 200 mg、纯ARA 200 mg的调配油）饲养SD大鼠脑组织的乙酰胆碱水平分别为（29.47±5.05）、（159.05±1341）、（121.70±15.07）、（86.83±9.86）、（58.10±9.17）μg/mg，各治疗组与阴、阳性对照组比较差异极显著（P<0.01）。DHA藻油含量越高，SD大鼠脑组织乙酰胆碱的活性越强，说明DHA藻油可以缓解阿尔茨海默病症状。     

蛤蜊肽的制备工艺优化及其增强免疫活性

目的:以菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)为原料,研究蛋白肽制备工艺及其增强免疫活性。方法:以蛋白水解度为评价指标,筛选最适蛋白酶,采用单因素实验和响应面试验确定最佳酶解条件;氨基酸分析仪分析蛤蜊肽氨基酸组成;通过小鼠器官/体重比值、小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化实验、血清溶血素实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验、NK细胞活性实验评价蛤蜊肽的增强免疫活性。结果:菲律宾蛤仔蛋白肽制备的最适蛋白酶为胰蛋白酶,最佳酶解条件为温度48.4℃,pH8.0,加酶量3795 U/g,料液比1:2,水解时间4 h,该工艺下蛋白水解度达到15.33%,蛋白肽重均分子量为418 Da;其氨基酸组成合理,必需氨基酸占比达到41.48%;经口给予小鼠不同剂量的蛤蜊肽30 d,与空白对照组比较,小鼠的脏器比值无显著影响(P>0.05),低剂量(700 mg/(kg·d))与高剂量(2800 mg/(kg·d))下能显著提高血清溶血素水平(P<0.05),低剂量(700 mg/(kg·d))与中剂量(1400 mg/(kg·d))下能显著提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞吞噬率(P&l...     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press