不同纹理香菇醇提物活性物质含量及体外活性比较分析

以7种不同纹理香菇为研究对象,5%乙醇溶液为提取溶剂,超声辅助提取得到香菇提取液,测定其中多糖、香菇嘌呤、总多酚和总黄酮含量。通过DPPH自由基和ABTS+自由基清除能力及胰脂肪酶活性抑制率比较不同纹理香菇提取液体外抗氧化活性和降血脂能力,最后通过目标活性物质含量与体外抗氧化和降血脂活性的相关性分析确定其中可能的关键活性物质。结果表明,不同纹理香菇提取液中目标活性物质含量、体外抗氧化及降血脂能力均有一定差异。板菇的总多酚、总黄酮、粗多糖和香菇嘌呤含量均最高,分别为1.54、0.83、63.40μg/mL和24.17μg/mL,其DPPH自由基和ABTS+自由基清除率及胰脂肪酶抑制率也最高,分别为88.20%、99.89%和41.77%。相关性分析结果显示,不同纹理香菇提取液对DPPH自由基清除能力、胰脂肪酶抑制作用与香菇嘌呤的含量呈显著正相关。     

木瓜皮多酚和黄酮提取工艺优化及酪氨酸酶与胰脂肪酶抑制活性研究

以木瓜皮为原料,研究了木瓜皮多酚和黄酮的提取工艺及抗氧化、酪氨酸酶和胰脂肪酶抑制活性。在单因素实验基础上采用正交试验研究超声温度、超声时间、乙醇浓度、料液比对木瓜皮多酚和黄酮含量的影响,并测定木瓜皮对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除能力以及对酪氨酸酶和胰脂肪酶的抑制活性。结果表明,木瓜皮多酚和黄酮的最佳提取条件为:超声温度40 ℃,超声时间60 min,乙醇浓度60%,料液比1:25 g/mL,在此条件下多酚和黄酮含量分别为（82.00±0.65）mg/g和（162.76±2.82）mg/g。抗氧化活性实验结果表明,木瓜皮提取物对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除率分别为（94.79%±0.10%）和（96.94%±0.23%）。抑制酶活性实验结果表明,木瓜皮提取物对分别以L-Tyr和L-Dopa为底物的酪氨酸酶的抑制率为（83.33%±6.80%）和（67.12%±0.32%）,对胰脂肪酶的抑制率为（82.78%±1.28%）,说明木瓜皮具有较强的抗氧化能力、酪氨酸酶及胰脂肪酶抑制活性。     

三种天然来源黄酮物质抗氧化活性和抑制胰脂肪酶活性的研究

以葛根黄酮、沙棘叶黄酮和山楂叶黄酮为研究对象,在不同体系中评价了总抗氧化能力、DPPH自由基清除活性、ABTS自由基清除活性及还原能力,同时评价了抑制胰脂肪酶活性的能力。结果表明:在不同体系中三种黄酮物质都呈现较强抗氧化活性,其中山楂叶黄酮总抗氧化能力最强,沙棘叶黄酮清除DPPH自由基(IC50 0.057±0.004)mg/m L和清除ABTS(IC50 0.096±0.014)mg/m L自由基活性最强,山楂叶黄酮与葛根黄酮呈现较强的还原能力,三种黄酮物质都呈现一定的抑制胰脂肪酶活性,沙棘叶黄酮活性最强。该研究为天然植物资源的综合利用提供了理论的支撑。     

高粱酒糟高纯度黄酮的制备及其抗氧化活性

以高粱酒糟为原料,采用微波协同乙醇-磷酸氢二钾双水相的方法提取高粱酒糟黄酮,并用多级双水相体系纯化,研究高粱酒糟黄酮的制备条件及其抗氧化活性。实验结果表明,乙醇浓度80%,磷酸氢二钾用量180 mg.mL_^-1,液料比47:1(V/m),提取时间60 s,微波功率为低火进行微波协同双水相高粱酒糟黄酮提取实验,黄酮得率为2.16%；二级双水相纯化,黄酮纯度可达82.58%。抗氧化实验表明：纯化后黄酮DPPH自由基清除率明显高于纯化前,但低于同一质量浓度的V_C,二级双水相纯化有利增强黄酮抗氧化活性。     

凤头姜醇溶和水溶黄酮的抗氧化作用

比较凤头姜水溶和醇溶黄酮对超氧阴离子自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基、2’-联氨-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS)自由基的清除能力和总抗氧化能力(铁离子还原能力法),同时用VC和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(butylated hydroxytoluene,BHT)作对照。结果表明:在DPPH自由基清除能力测定中,水溶黄酮的抗氧化效果强于醇溶黄酮和BHT,但弱于VC,水溶和醇溶黄酮的半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC_(50))分别为585.75μg/m L和1 013.45μg/m L;在ABTS+·、超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力测定中,醇溶黄酮的抗氧化效果均强于水溶黄酮、VC和BHT,醇溶和水溶黄酮对ABTS+·的IC_(50)分别为21.90μg/m L和87.54μg/m L;在超氧阴离子自由基清除能力测定中,水溶和醇溶黄酮的IC_(50)分别为26.56μg/m L和22.29μg/m L;在铁离子还原能力测定中,水溶黄酮和醇溶黄酮的TEAC1 000分别为45.78μg/m L和36.42μg/m L。综合研究发现,凤头姜水溶黄酮和醇溶黄酮在不同抗氧化体系中的抗氧化效果存在差异。     

黑莓渣提取物中多酚类化合物抗氧化活性的研究

从还原能力、抑制脂质体过氧化能力及清除.OH、O2-和DPPH.三种自由基的能力五个方面评价了黑莓渣中提取出的多酚类化合物的抗氧化活性。结果表明,从黑莓渣中提取出的多酚类化合物有较强的还原能力,能够抑制脂质体过氧化,具有清除.OH、O2-和DPPH自由基的活性。而且从黑莓渣中提取出的多酚类化合物的抗氧化活性与其浓度之间有良好的量效关系。     

藿香叶黄酮提取工艺优化及其体外抗氧化活性

对藿香叶黄酮提取工艺及体外抗氧化活性进行研究。应用微波辅助乙醇提取法提取保山藿香叶中的黄酮,并通过单因素实验和L₉(34)正交设计对提取工艺进行优化,并以抗坏血酸为对照,对其还原力及羟自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)及2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(ABTS+·)活性的清除能力进行探讨。结果表明:藿香叶黄酮提取的最佳条件为料液比1:60 g/mL,乙醇浓度60%,微波功率567 W,提取时间70 s,提取得率可达6.11%。此条件下得到的藿香叶黄酮提取物清除几种自由基的能力良好,尤其对ABTS+·清除能力最优,对·OH、DPPH·和ABTS+·IC₅₀分别为281.89、3.57、1.52 mg/L。     

响应面优化超声提取黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖工艺及抗氧化研究

通过响应面试验设计,获得超声提取黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖的最佳工艺条件,通过TCA法将粗多糖中的蛋白成分除去后得到精制多糖;以清除铁还原力、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基能力和清除羟自由基能力为指标,评价黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖的抗氧化活性。结果表明,超声提取黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖的最佳工艺条件为:超声温度67℃,超声时间53 min,超声功率150W,料液比1∶30(g∶mL)在此条件下多糖得率为5.01%。黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性,铁还原力、清除DPPH自由基能力和清除羟自由基能力均表现出一定的质量浓度依赖性;黑果腺肋花楸叶多糖多糖铁还原力、清除DPPH自由基和清除羟自由基能力的半数有效质量浓度(EC50)分别为0.623g/L、0.473g/L和0.147g/L。     

狭果茶藨子黄酮提取工艺优化及其体外降血脂活性

以青藏高原狭果茶藨子果实为原料,采用微波辅助提取法结合响应面设计试验优化狭果茶藨子黄酮提取工艺参数。以胰脂肪酶抑制率、不同胆酸盐结合率为指标,评价纯化前后狭果茶藨子黄酮体外降血脂活性。结果表明微波辅助提取狭果茶藨子黄酮最佳工艺条件为:微波功率500 W,料液比1∶30(g/mL),提取时间8 min,此条件下黄酮提取率为22.36%。纯化后狭果茶藨子黄酮体外降血脂活性更强,对胰脂肪酶的抑制率最高达91.6%,比纯化前提高了16.81%;对胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠和甘氨胆酸钠IC50分别为3.301、1.499、1.847 mg/mL。表明狭果茶藨子具有开发天然降血脂功能性食品的前景,且黄酮类化合物是其发挥作用的主要活性成分。     

微波辅助提取猕猴桃果渣总黄酮及其抗氧化活性

以猕猴桃酿酒发酵后的果渣为原料,采用响应面法优化猕猴桃果渣总黄酮的微波辅助提取工艺,并测定其对DPPH·和ABTS+·的清除率,评价最佳工艺条件提取的总黄酮的抗氧化活性。结果表明,猕猴桃果渣总黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度50%、提取温度66℃、提取时间16 min,在此条件下,总黄酮得率为3.02%。猕猴桃果渣总黄酮提取物对DPPH·、ABTS+·具有不同程度的清除作用,当总黄酮提取物浓度为30.16 μg/mL时,对DPPH·清除率为83.08%,当总黄酮提取物浓度为12.08 μg/mL时,对ABTS+·清除率为97.36%,表明猕猴桃果渣总黄酮具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press