Study on the relative radiometric correction of CBERS satellite CCD image

China-Brazial Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS)-01 is the first remote sensing re- source satellite of data transfer type manufactured by China and Brazil, which is full of the wisdom and sweat from both countries’ aerospace communities and is regarded as a model of the cooperation between developing countries in high-tech area. CBERS-01 was launched in October of 1999 and went into normal operation after on-orbit test inMarch of 2000. This brought an end to the history that China coul…     

Absolute radiometric calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band

Based on the laboratory calibration before launch of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal infrared channel, the onboard blackbody calibration, the radiometric crosscalibration against TERRA MODIS corresponding channel and the in-flight field calibration at Lake Qinghai: water surface radiometric calibration test site of China on Aug. 17, 2004 are carried out in this research. When making onboard blackbody calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, it is necessary to understand inside structures and light path in IRMSS camera and receive and process calibration blackbody signals at normal and high temperatures. Onboard blackbody calibration results of each detector are very important to relative radiometric calibration of images processing and absolute radiometric calibration of each detector. In-flight field calibration mainly contains field experiments, obtaining synchronous images, spectrum marching and MODTRAN radiative transmission computation. Radiometric cross-calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band against TERRA MODIS selected 6 times synchronous images of two sensors passing through Lake Qinghai and Lake Taihu from August to December, 2004 to compute the cross calibration data. Combining the in-flight field calibration and radiometric cross calibration data, the absolute radiometric calibration coefficients are calculated by the linear regression method. This new calibration model can obviously control the radiometric calibration uncertainties aroused by the single point method used in the in-flight calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, this kind of sensors cannot receive the cosmic background radiation. In this research, the radiometric calibration coefficients obtained through the linear regression model are 8.53 (gain, unit: DN/W m^?2sr^?1μm^?1) and 44.92 (offset, unit: DN).     

Cotton pixel identification with CBERS-02 CCD data based on spectral knowledge

CBERS-02 has three sensors, Charged Coupled Device (CCD), Infrared Multispectral Scanner (IRMSS) and Wide Field Imager (WFI). Similar to Landsat TM, CCD has 4 visible and near-infrared bands and one panchromatic band. The wavelength ranges are respectively 0.45-0.52 μm, 0.52-0.59 μm, 0.63-0.69 μm, 0.77-0.89 μm and 0.51 -0.73 μm. The spatial resolution is 19.5 m. CBERS-02 has three ground stations in Beijing, Guangzhou and Urumchi, which makes it cover the whole territory. …     

Cotton pixel identification with CBERS-02 CCD data based on spectral knowledge

In this paper thein-situ experiment data are collected from the Spectral Library to estimate the possible values of the primary structural parameters in each cotton growing season by statistics. Based on these values the spectra of the cotton major growing seasons were simulated and analyzed using the canopy reflectance model, SAILH. In this way we also simulated the cotton pixel spectra corresponding to CBERS-02 CCD and took them as the reference spectra for spectra fitting. Then No. 143 Regiment of No. 8 Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) was chosen as the study area, and two spectra fitting methods, Mahalanobis distance and spectra angle, were used to identify cotton pixel from CBERS-02 CCD image of the study area. At last we analyzed the effect of the calibration coefficients error on cotton identifying. The results showed that within 4% error the spectral angle classifier can still have a good performance.     

Water target based cross-calibration of CBERS-02 CCD camera with MODIS data

In order to make quantitative watercolor sensing with China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS-02) CCD camera, the MODIS data with higher accuracy is used to cross-calibrate the CCD camera over water targets. In homogeneous clear water area, two pairs of images obtained over the same area on the same day by the two sensors are selected. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances of the multispectral bands of CCD are calculated with the water and aerosol parameters from MODIS based on a water-atmosphere radiative transfer algorithm. The stripes in CCD image that caused by unequal response of the CCD array detectors are firstly removed before making the cross-calibration. The same part of CCD detectors is selected for the calibrations in the two images to eliminate the residual error of destriping and uniformity correction for the focus plane irradiance. It is shown that the calibration results from two different images are consistent. The error of this method is about 5%.     

Water target based cross-calibration of CBERS-02 CCD camera with MODIS data

The CBERS-02, the second satellite of China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite series, was launched on Oct. 21, 2002. Onboard the satellite, there are three major sensors, a CCD camera, a wide field imager and an infrared multispectral scanner (http://www. cresda.com). The purpose of this paper is to calibrate the CCD camera with a methodol- ogy of cross-calibration. The spatial resolution of the multispectal bands of CCD camera is 19.5 m, the swath is about 115 km. It is capable of side…     

Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02 CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02, the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets, spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%–5%. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.     

The primary results of quantitative ocean color retrieval in China coastal area with CBERS CCD data

The quantitative retrieval of water constituents of coastal waters is one of the hot top- ics and a hard task in the field of ocean color sensing. As the spatial and temporal varia- tions of the water constituents in coastal or inland waters (Case-II waters) are very fast, its monitoring requires high spatial and temporal resolution sensors. So far, the require- ment has not been satisfied yet. The spatial resolution of the ocean color specific sensors is much coarser than that of the land re…     

The primary results of quantitative ocean color retrieval in China coastal area with CBERS CCD data

Using the techniques of quantitative ocean color sensing, the in-water ocean color algorithms for sediment and chlorophyll-a retrieval are established for CBERS-02 CCD broad spectral bands based onin situ data. The remote sensing reflectance of water is derived from CCD radiance data by a clear water atmospheric correction algorithm. Then, the sediment and chlorophyll-a concentrations are retrieved from CCD image. The sediment retrieval is quite satisfactory, but the chlorophyll-a retrieval is not so good because of the broadband width and low signal-to-noise ratio of the CCD camera.     

Biomass estimation and uncertainty analysis based on CBERS-02 CCD camera data and field measurement

The study on terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle has been the focus of global change research and regional sustainable development research. It is well known that terrestrial ecosystem is the largest unknown area[1] in seeking the missing carbon sink[2]. Because it is allowed in the Kyoto Protocol that adding CO2 absorption by foresting and reforesting can offset greenhouse gases emission, the mechanism of carbon sequestration and thedistribution and mapping of carbon pool have been the focus …     

Biomass estimation and uncertainty analysis based on CBERS-02 CCD camera data and field measurement

The study site is located in Qianyanzhou experimental station and the surrounding area. Based on CBERS-02 satellite data and field measurement, we not only discussed the relationship between NDVI and biomass of two species of coniferous plantations, namely,Pinus massoniana Lamb andPinus elliottii Engelm, but also introduced the biomass models based on NDVI. The comparison between measured biomass in Qianyanzhou and biomass derived from CBERS-02 CCD data showed that it is feasible to estimate biomass based on NDVI. But its limitations cannot be ignored. This kind of model depends on the dominant vegetation species. There are some effect factors in estimating biomass based on NDVI. This paper analyzes these factors based on fine-resolution CBERS-02 CCD data and some conclusions are drawn: In Qianyanzhou, the area with good vegetation coverage, the nonlinearity of NDVI has little influence on scaling-up of NDVI. As a result of surface heterogeneity, scaling-up can cause NDVI within each pixel to change. Because scaling-up can cause pixel attribute to change, the applicability of biomass model is one of the sources of error in estimating biomass.     

基于图像反馈的标靶面与光轴垂直调节系统

介绍了摄像机标定的内部参数,阐述了标靶面与光轴垂直可以简化标定的过程.当标靶面与光轴垂直时,利用标靶面上特征圆在CCD成像面上成像也是圆的特点,提出了基于图像反馈的标靶面与光轴垂直的调节方法.一般情况下,标靶面与光轴不垂直,标靶面上特征圆在CCD成像面上成像为椭圆.通过图像处理和最小二乘椭圆拟合法计算出成像椭圆的长短轴及偏角,设计了调整控制策略.实验结果表明,该方法是有效可行的.     

无地面控制点卫星摄影测量

阐述了无地面控制点卫星摄影测量的难点,简要介绍了二线阵CCD影像和三线阵CCD影像卫星摄影测量的精度 ,最后介绍了LMCCD相机用于无地面控制卫星摄影测量的可行性.     

无地面控制点卫星摄影测量

阐述了无地面控制点卫星摄影测量的难点,简要介绍了二线阵CCD影像和三线阵CCD影像卫星摄影测量的精度,最后介绍了LMCCD相机用于无地面控制卫星摄影测量的可行性.     

基于径向约束的CCD相机标定参数的整体优化

提出了基于径向约束的CCD相机标定的模型参数非线性整体优化的方法.利用Harris算法检测标定板的各角点图像坐标,保证了标定板角点的稳定性和可靠性;进行RAC(radial alignment constraint)两步法标定,并用Levenberg-Marquardt算法对通过径向约束标定得到的所有相机模型参数进行非线性整体优化,提高了相机参数的标定精度.实验结果表明.该方法标定精度高,能明显减小各种误差对CCD相机标定的影响,提高了机器视觉三维测量的精度.     

MTV 2821CBCCD摄像机微光夜视特性及应用

目的　研究ＣＣＤ 摄像机作为微光夜视探测器的帧累积特性． 方法　利用ＣＣＤ 摄像机的外触发器控制系统、计算机图像采集卡和图像处理软件进行图像累积． 结果　实现了ＣＣＤ 靶面照度为３－７ ×１０ － ５ ｌｘ 以下静态目标图像的探测,并可达到３００ ＴＶＬｉｎｅｓ 的图像分辨能力． 结论　这一实验能提供一种不需高昂成本的像增强器微光夜视仪,实现对静态目标的微光探测．     

三线阵CCD立体测绘卫星像移姿态跟踪补偿研究

介绍了三线阵CCD传感器的成像原理,分析了由于地球自转角速度的存在而产生三线阵CCD传感器像移的机理.在规划姿态跟踪策略的基础上,建立了有效成像面积和姿态机动方式的数学关系,求解关系式最大值以得到像移补偿的姿态跟踪机动策略.最后给出了姿态跟踪过程中的目标姿态和目标姿态角速度变化规律.     

In flight MTF monitoring and compensation for CCD camera on CBERS-02

In this article, the approach of simulating ideal tarp scene was proposed to determine the MTF for CCD camera on CBERS-02. The MTF acquired from this technique was compared to those from some common methods. MTFs achieved from different approaches were employed to compensate the CCD images based on three restoration algorithms: the iterative method, the Wiener filter and the modified inverse filter (MIF). The two-dimensional MTF was established with the value at frequency 0.5 for 45° directional MTF as the value at its four corners. This article addressed the variations of the restored CCD images with different techniques of constructing two-dimensional MTF, restoring algorithms and determining the in-flight MTFs. Results showed images restored with the MTF determined from the technique of simulating ideal tarp scene represent the real scene best. And the restoration technique based on the MIF would produce better restored images than the other two techniques. This research also demonstrated that the two-dimensional MTF used for restoration should be interpolated under the control of the MTF for 45° axis, rather than by multiplying the cross-orbit MTF with along-orbit MTF.     

基于Matlab的双目CCD标定

CCD标定作为图像采集处理的前端,直接影响到后继信息的处理.用Matlab软件实现CCD摄像机内外参数的标定,得出旋转矩阵和平移向量,并验证镜头畸变量对数据的影响.通过双目CCD交互式测距验证,测量结果误差小于0.3 mm,满足工业要求.     

汽车行驶跑偏测试系统中标定架的设计

为保证汽车行驶跑偏测试系统的测试精度,运用理论与实验相结合的方法设计标定架以校正CCD图像传感器的安装误差和统一多个传感器的物理坐标;通过研究标定算法与控制点关系,分析控制点分布对标定误差的影响,确定控制点的维数与分布;以尺寸链计算来合理分配标定架各构件公差,保证控制点位置精度,并研讨了再次标定控制点位置精度与首次标定一致性问题。试验证明,设计完成的标定架充分满足系统精度要求和使用要求。