一种新的视网膜血管网络自动分割方法

提出了一种基于脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)和分布式遗传算法(DGA)的视网膜血管自动分割方法.首先采用二维高斯匹配滤波器预处理以增强血管,然后采用DGA快速搜索出PCNN的最佳参数设置值并运用PCNN分割出增强图像的血管网络,最后对分割得到的血管网络结合区域连通性特征,采用面积滤波算子滤除噪声,提取出最终的血管网络.通过在国际上公开的Hoover眼底图像库中的实验,结果表明,该方法在血管分支提取和算法有效性方面明显优于Hoover算法,具有较高的临床应用价值.     

基于局部复杂度信息测度的冠脉造影图像分割

针对冠状动脉造影图像中血管与背景的对比度低以及背景复杂等问题,提出了一种基于局部复杂度信息测度的冠脉血管分割方法.通过对造影图像过渡区特征的分析,构造了局部复杂度信息测度作为特征参数,提取造影图像的过渡区.根据提取的过渡区直方图确定一个最佳分割阈值,提取冠脉血管.实验结果表明,本文方法在小血管的提取、连通性和有效性方面...     

病变视网膜图像血管网络的自动分割

现有的视网膜血管分割方法大多只针对正常的视网膜图像进行分割,不能实现对发生病变的视网膜图像的分割.为此,提出了一种新的病变视网膜图像血管网络分割方法.该方法首先采用向量场散度方法获得病变视网膜图像中大部分血管的中心线,然后计算出中心线上各像素点的方向信息并采用改进的定向局部对比度方法检测出中心线两侧的血管像素,最后对获得的血管段末端进行反向外推追踪,分割出最终的血管网络.通过对通用的STARE眼底图像库中所有病变视网膜图像的实验仿真,结果表明本文算法获得了0.9426的ROC曲线面积和0.9502的准确率,算法性能明显优于Hoover算法和Benson等提出的算法.此外,本文算法还克服了Benson算法的局限性,对不同类型的病变视网膜图像都具有较好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于改进的PCNN的视网膜血管树提取方法

根据脉冲耦合神经网络（PCNN）动态点火特性和视网膜血管网络区域结构特征,提出了一种基于改进型PCNN（IPCNN）的视网膜血管树提取方法。该方法对二维高斯匹配滤波预处理增强后的眼底图像运用IPCNN分割出增强图像的血管网络,然后对分割得到的血管网络结合区域连通性特征,采用长度滤波算子滤除噪声,提取出最终的血管树。通过...     

借助形态学实现图像过渡区提取与分割

红外图像边缘模糊、噪声点多,而传统的过渡区提取算法需计算梯度因而对非规则细节和噪声敏感,尤其当对比度较低时极易导致提取的过渡区发生偏离,影响分割阈值的判定和分割结果的准确性。因此提出了一种基于形态学的过渡区提取与分割算法。结合形态学理论,首先设计级联滤波器进行平滑处理,再利用tophat变换调节目标与背景的对比度以突出目标,最后采用EAG方法进行过渡区提取与分割。Matlab仿真实验表明,该方法能够分割出目标主体,且目标形状保持良好。     

基于图像模糊熵邻域非一致性的过渡区提取与分割

 本文提出了一种基于图像模糊熵邻域非一致性的过渡区直接提取和分割算法.通过求出图像中介于目标和背景之间的过渡区,根据过渡区直方图获得一个最佳分割阈值.构造了描述模糊划分的隶属函数,模糊熵及其邻域非一致性测度.本文算法摆脱了传统图像过渡区提取算法对噪声比较敏感且受剪切值L_low与L_high的限制.理论分析和实验结果表明,本文算法具有速度快,抗噪声性能好和稳健性强等特点,优于现有其它基于过渡区提取和分割算法.     

基于多模型融合和区域迭代生长的视网膜血管自动分割

糖尿病视网膜病变是成年人致盲首因,视网膜血管分割是诊断糖尿病视网膜病变的基础.为提高视网膜血管分割准确性,提出一种基于多模型融合和区域迭代生长的视网膜血管自动分割算法.首先,预处理后分别构建数学形态学、匹配滤波器、尺度空间分析、多尺度线检测和神经网络模型初步分割视网膜血管,为减少噪声取五个分割结果的均值作为初步输出.其次,设计掩膜分离渗出物和视盘,将数学形态学模型分割结果替换掩膜白色区域,并融合初步输出生成组合结果.最后,考虑视网膜血管先验知识,对组合结果阈值分割和区域迭代生长后获取最终结果.实验结果表明,该算法分割DRIVE和STARE眼底图像库视网膜血管的检测精度、敏感度和特异性分别为0.9457、0.7843、0.9815以及0.9472、0.7826、0.9803,优于多数经典算法.     

基于可控图像分割的快速视网膜血管提取算法

针对多数视网膜血管提取算法实时性不强和分割 精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于可控图像分割的 快速视网膜血管提取算法。首先,对视网膜G分量图像的灰 度进行反转和自适应直方图均衡化,应用结 构元素为“菱形”和“圆盘形”的形态学“开”运算平滑图像背景和增强血管对比度,消除 视盘后阈值分割并二值 化得到不含视盘的分割图像。其次,根据在灰度图像中检测到的视盘构建掩膜,再次对 视网膜绿色分 量图像自适应直方图均衡化后进行阈值分割,并和掩膜进行逻辑“与”运算得到含有掩膜的 分割图像。最后, 将不含视盘的分割图像与含有掩膜的分割图像进行逻辑“与”运算,并融合边界信息获得最 终的视网膜血管 结构。实验结果表明,本文算法能有效提取视网膜眼底图像的血管网络,有较强的实时性和 较高的分割精度。     

基于LDC的图像过渡区提取与分割

提出一种基于局部清晰度-复杂度的图像过渡区提取算法,通过计算图像局部清晰度获得清晰度图像,增加了过渡区灰度层次信息,再计算清晰度图像的局部复杂度,并根据复杂度曲线确定过渡区提取门限对过渡区进行提取,根据提取的过渡区灰度直方图,获得图像的分割阈值并对图像进行分割。实验结果表明,本文方法比传统的基于局部复杂度法提取的过渡区更加准确,图像分割效果更好。     

基于局部傅里叶变换的方向自适应匹配滤波的视网膜血管分割

眼底图像中视网膜血管的结构对眼底疾病的分析和诊断具有重要的意义。针对匹配滤波方法中滤波参数的选取问题,文章提出了一种基于局部傅里叶变换的方向自适应匹配滤波的视网膜血管分割算法。文章算法首先对眼底图像进行预处理;通过分析预处理后的眼底图像中的局部傅里叶变换的能量分布,提取出血管点的主方向,同时利用Harris角点检测方法来校正血管分叉点的主方向;然后对每个像素点进行对应方向的匹配滤波;接着利用可变阈值方法对滤波后的图像进行分割;最后使用面积阈值法消除非血管点和噪声等。文章提出的算法对国际上公开的DRIVE库和STARE库进行了测试,实验结果证明了文中算法能够自适应地获取匹配滤波时的角度。     

Retinal fundus vasculature multilevel segmentation using whale optimization algorithm

The aim was to present a novel automated approach for extracting the vasculature of retinal fundus images. The proposed vasculature extraction method on retinal fundus images consists of two phases: preprocessing phase and segmentation phase. In the first phase, brightness enhancement is applied for the retinal fundus images. For the vessel segmentation phase, a hybrid model of multilevel thresholding along with whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is performed. WOA is used to improve the segmentation accuracy through finding the \(n{-}1\) optimal n-level threshold on the fundus image. To evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis measurements are used. The proposed approach achieved an overall accuracy of 97.8%, sensitivity of 88.9%, and specificity of 98.7% for the identification of retinal blood vessels by using a dataset that was collected from Bostan diagnostic center in Fayoum city. The area under the ROC curve reached a value of 0.967. Automated identification of retinal blood vessels based on whale algorithm seems highly successful through a comprehensive optimization process of operational parameters.     

Fast localization and segmentation of optic disk in retinal images using directional matched filtering and level sets

The optic disk (OD) center and margin are typically requisite landmarks in establishing a frame of reference for classifying retinal and optic nerve pathology. Reliable and efficient OD localization and segmentation are important tasks in automatic eye disease screening. This paper presents a new, fast, and fully automatic OD localization and segmentation algorithm developed for retinal disease screening. First, OD location candidates are identified using template matching. The template is designed to adapt to different image resolutions. Then, vessel characteristics (patterns) on the OD are used to determine OD location. Initialized by the detected OD center and estimated OD radius, a fast, hybrid level-set model, which combines region and local gradient information, is applied to the segmentation of the disk boundary. Morphological filtering is used to remove blood vessels and bright regions other than the OD that affect segmentation in the peripapillary region. Optimization of the model parameters and their effect on the model performance are considered. Evaluation was based on 1200 images from the publicly available MESSIDOR database. The OD location methodology succeeded in 1189 out of 1200 images (99% success). The average mean absolute distance between the segmented boundary and the reference standard is 10% of the estimated OD radius for all image sizes. Its efficiency, robustness, and accuracy make the OD localization and segmentation scheme described herein suitable for automatic retinal disease screening in a variety of clinical settings.     

Optic disc detection from normalized digital fundus images by means of a vessels' direction matched filter

Optic disc (OD) detection is a main step while developing automated screening systems for diabetic retinopathy. We present in this paper a method to automatically detect the position of the OD in digital retinal fundus images. The method starts by normalizing luminosity and contrast through out the image using illumination equalization and adaptive histogram equalization methods respectively. The OD detection algorithm is based on matching the expected directional pattern of the retinal blood vessels. Hence, a simple matched filter is proposed to roughly match the direction of the vessels at the OD vicinity. The retinal vessels are segmented using a simple and standard 2-D Gaussian matched filter. Consequently, a vessels direction map of the segmented retinal vessels is obtained using the same segmentation algorithm. The segmented vessels are then thinned, and filtered using local intensity, to represent finally the OD-center candidates. The difference between the proposed matched filter resized into four different sizes, and the vessels' directions at the surrounding area of each of the OD-center candidates is measured. The minimum difference provides an estimate of the OD-center coordinates. The proposed method was evaluated using a subset of the STARE project's dataset, containing 81 fundus images of both normal and diseased retinas, and initially used by literature OD detection methods. The OD-center was detected correctly in 80 out of the 81 images (98.77%). In addition, the OD-center was detected correctly in all of the 40 images (100%) using the publicly available DRIVE dataset.     

过渡区和图象分割

过渡区是实际图象中介于目标和背景之间的特殊区域，本文介绍过渡区的特点和确定过渡区的方法。本文还提出了一种自动基于过渡区的新分割算法，并把该算法与常见的阈值选取算法进行了比较，分析和实验结果表明新算法运算简单并有较强的抗干扰能力。     

基于多尺度多路径FCN的视网膜血管分割

视网膜血管的形态结构信息可以为糖尿病、高血压等疾病提供诊断依据。提出了一种基于多尺度多路径的全卷积神经网络的视网膜血管分割方法。首先,利用空洞卷积代替池化层和上采样操作,在不增加参数的情况下增加感受野,避免了细节信息的丢失;其次,通过使用不同空洞率的空洞卷积实现图像数据的多尺度特征提取,充分学习图像的多尺度特征,避免网络过深,并提升了细小血管的提取能力;同时,利用跳层结构在网络中建立多条信息流通路径,通过多路径信息流充分传递多尺度特征信息,提高网络预测效果。实验结果表明,该算法在DRIVE数据集上的平均准确度、灵敏度和特异性分别为95. 46%、81. 24%、97. 77%,取得了较好的视网膜血管的分割效果。     

An ensemble classification-based approach applied to retinal blood vessel segmentation

This paper presents a new supervised method for segmentation of blood vessels in retinal photographs. This method uses an ensemble system of bagged and boosted decision trees and utilizes a feature vector based on the orientation analysis of gradient vector field, morphological transformation, line strength measures, and Gabor filter responses. The feature vector encodes information to handle the healthy as well as the pathological retinal image. The method is evaluated on the publicly available DRIVE and STARE databases, frequently used for this purpose and also on a new public retinal vessel reference dataset CHASE_DB1?which is a subset of retinal images of multiethnic children from the Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE) dataset. The performance of the ensemble system is evaluated in detail and the incurred accuracy, speed, robustness, and simplicity make the algorithm a suitable tool for automated retinal image analysis.     

MS-UNet++:基于改进UNet++的视网膜血管分割

本文针对视网膜图像中细微血管特征提取困难导致其分割难度高等问题,提出了一种 基于端到端的神经网络嵌套视网膜血管分割模型算法(简称MS-UNet++),该算法选取了深度监督网络UNet++作为分割网络模型,提升特征的使用效率;引入MulitRes模块,改善低对比度环境下细小血管的特征学习效果,并在特征提取后加上SENet模块进行挤压和激励操作,从而增强特征提取阶段的感受野,提高目标相关特征通道的权重。基于DRIVE图像数据集的实验结果表明,该算法分割结果与真实结果之间的重叠率DICE值为83.64%,并交比IOU为94.83%,准确度ACC为96.79%,灵敏度SE为81.78%,较现有模型有一定的提升,可用于视网膜图像血管分割,为临床诊断提供辅助信息。     

基于过渡区提取的红外运动目标检测

针对复杂动态场景下的红外目标检测问题,提出了一种基于交叉熵的过渡区提取的红外运动目标检测方法。该方法首先使用帧差法和背景差分法相融合的检测方法,对红外图像进行差分处理,然后采用基于交叉熵的过渡区分割算法二值化图像,最后进行形态学滤波,从而检测出完整的红外目标。实验结果表明,该方法目标检测效果比较好,能满足红外运动目标检测的需要。