钢-RPC组合梁栓钉连接件抗剪承载力试验研究

钢-活性粉末混凝土(RPC)组合梁是一种新型组合结构,界面栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力是组合梁结合部强度最重要的指标。采用推出试验,研究了混凝土强度、栓钉直径、栓钉长度对栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的影响规律。结果表明,对于相同的栓钉尺寸,钢-RPC(C150)栓钉抗剪承载力明显高于钢-普通混凝土(C50),二者比值约为1.3。前者发生栓钉的剪切破坏,后者发生的是混凝土的压碎破坏形式。钢-RPC栓钉抗剪承载力与栓钉直径平方成正比,但与栓钉长度变化关系不大。基于试验结果,本文提出了考虑混凝土强度影响的钢-RPC栓钉抗剪承载力的计算公式,为钢-RPC组合梁设计提供依据。     

钢-高性能混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件抗剪性能的试验

基于10个栓钉连接件在单调荷载下的推出试验,对高性能混凝土中栓钉的破坏形态、抗剪承载力、荷载-滑移关系、变形能力等进行了研究,重点分析了混凝土类型、栓钉直径等参数对栓钉抗剪性能的影响。结果表明:栓钉在高性能混凝土中的抗剪承载力与在普通混凝土中相近;栓钉具有较好的抗剪延性与变形能力;栓钉在高性能混凝土和普通混凝土中均出现了明显的刚度退化特性,且二者的退化程度相当;栓钉焊接不宜采用普通围焊工艺。最后,在试验的基础上,初步提出了高性能混凝土中栓钉抗剪承载力的设计建议。     

带栓钉型钢混凝土组合构件受力性能及承载力计算方法研究

采用位移控制的加载方法对7个设置栓钉的型钢混凝土组合构件和1个未设置栓钉的对比试件进行推出试验。以栓钉直径、栓钉设置位置以及混凝土强度等为变化参数,研究型钢混凝土组合构件的破坏形态、黏结性能和极限受剪承载力。试验结果表明:栓钉受剪承载力随栓钉直径的增大、混凝土强度的提高而提高;腹板设置栓钉的试件抗剪性能优于翼缘的;翼缘和腹板均设置栓钉的试件承载性能最好,且能有效地限制滑移向自由端发展。分别对国内外不同技术标准建议的栓钉受剪承载力计算式进行分析比较,指出不同设计方法的合理应用范围。最后,在分析试验结果基础上提出型钢非埋入式栓钉受剪承载力的计算方法。     

内壁设置栓钉的大尺寸截面钢管混凝土柱界面黏结性能试验研究

对25个内壁设置栓钉的钢管混凝土柱大尺寸试件进行推出试验,以研究钢管混凝土柱内界面黏结强度及内壁栓钉受剪承载力。其中方钢管混凝土柱试件的截面尺寸均为600 mm×600 mm,圆钢管混凝土柱试件直径为600 mm,钢管壁厚分别为20、30 mm。设计主要参数为钢管混凝土柱的截面形状、填充混凝土的强度等级、钢管壁厚、钢管内壁粗糙程度以及内壁焊接栓钉的纵横向间距、栓钉直径和栓钉长度等。试验结果表明,工程应用低估了足尺钢管混凝土柱的界面黏结力与内壁设置栓钉的受剪承载力。依据试验结果提出了方钢管混凝土柱内栓钉受剪承载力的基本计算方法,以期为相关工程结构设计提供参考。     

集簇式栓钉抗剪承载力折减系数计算方法

为给装配式钢-混组合结构梁桥集簇式栓钉抗剪连接件的设计提供参考,深入研究了集簇式栓钉抗剪连接件的受力特性。采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立推出试验有限元模型,对群钉效应及其主要影响因素进行了有限元参数化分析,并给出综合考虑混凝土强度、栓钉排数、栓钉纵向间距影响的集簇式栓钉连接件抗剪承载力折减系数计算公式。结果表明:受到群钉效应的影响,集簇式栓钉连接件的单钉平均抗剪承载力有较大程度的折减并且钉群受力呈现明显的不均匀性; 随着混凝土强度的提高,φ22×200栓钉连接件抗剪承载力、抗剪刚度逐渐增大; 当栓钉排数从3排增加至7排时,群钉的单钉平均抗剪承载力以及栓钉抗剪承载力折减系数逐渐降低,同时钉群受力的不均匀程度大幅提升; 当栓钉纵向间距由4d(d为栓钉直径)增加至8d时,群钉的单钉平均抗剪承载力以及栓钉抗剪承载力折减系数呈现增大趋势; 提出的集簇式栓钉连接件抗剪承载力折减系数计算公式计算值与有限元值吻合良好,可以为装配式钢-混组合结构梁桥集簇式栓钉抗剪连接件的设计提供理论依据。     

组合梁中栓钉剪力键的受力特性分析

分析了栓钉剪力键的作用、受力状态、破坏类型和承载力,并以栓钉剪力键推顶试样为对象,建立了3D-FEM计算模型,应用MSC/NASTRAN程序,考虑了栓钉和混凝土材料的非线性,进行栓钉剪力键的设计承载力分析,分析结果与试验结果有很好的一致性。     

钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的性能研究综述

以国内外相关理论、试验研究及设计资料的收集为基础,探讨栓钉剪力连接件的破坏机理,受力特性和影响栓钉承载力主要因素,对栓钉剪力连接件在高强混凝土组合梁中的性能进行了分析.最后,对钢混凝土组合梁中栓钉剪力连接件的设计提出了建议.     

钢-混组合结构栓钉剪力连接件综述

对钢-混组合结构栓钉剪力连接件的性能进行了介绍.通过分析总结相关文献发现,影响抗剪承载力的主要因素为栓钉屈服强度fy、其杆轴直径D及混凝土强度大小;并总结了国内外文献中关于栓钉剪力连接件的极限承载力计算公式,为研究与设计人员提供参考.     

钢-混凝土组合结构新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件抗剪承载力研究

以钢-混凝土组合梁中普遍采用的栓钉剪力连接件为研究对象,针对普通单钉头栓钉连接件存在根部相对薄弱、抗剪能力较差、连接容易过早失效的缺点,提出了一种新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件形式,并进行了推出试验有限元模拟分析,在此基础上讨论了影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的主要因素,最后结合有关规范公式提出了设计建议。研究表明:新型双钉头型栓钉提高了连接件的抗剪极限承载力(与传统栓钉相比,承载力可提高约10%),减小了钢梁与混凝土板的相对滑移,提高了二者的共同工作能力。下钉头直径是影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪性能的主要因素,工程应用时可取栓钉下钉头直径为其杆身直径的1.2~1.3倍,此时连接件极限承载力较高,抗剪工作性能亦较好。当按照我国现行钢结构规范设计采用新型栓钉连接件的钢-混凝土组合梁时,可对单个栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力计算值乘以1.3增大系数。与采用传统栓钉的组合梁相比,采用新型栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁初期刚度与前者基本相同,但后期会有约12%~20%的明显提高。由于新型栓钉的滑移较小,使混凝土板和钢梁共同工作效果提高。     

高温下钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉抗剪性能研究

对15个试件进行常温和高温下推出试验,研究钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉的抗剪性能,得到混凝土楼板和栓钉不同位置处的温度分布以及栓钉受剪承载力随温度的退化规律。试验结果表明,钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉在常温和高温下的破坏均为栓钉剪断破坏,栓钉根部混凝土局部压碎,但是与平板混凝土板中栓钉的破坏位置不同,所研究的栓钉剪断破坏的位置在钢梁上翼缘处,而不是在栓钉根部焊缝处,这也在很大程度上导致了钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉受剪承载力比平板混凝土板中栓钉低。钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉的受剪承载力和刚度均随温度的升高而降低。通过对试验数据的分析,提出了钢筋桁架楼承板中栓钉高温下受剪承载力和荷载-滑移曲线的计算方法。     

Static and fatigue behavior of large stud shear connectors for steel-concrete composite bridges

For the design of shear connection in high shear areas of steel-concrete composite bridges, large shear studs can be an excellent alternative. Through the push-out tests on large stud shear connectors up to 30 mm diameter, which are beyond the limitation of current design codes, static and fatigue behavior was investigated and compared with design equations. The ultimate strength of the shear connection showed that the design shear strength in Eurocode-4 and AASHTO LRFD gives conservative values for large studs. The fatigue endurance obtained from the tests was slightly lower than the current design codes in Eurocode-4. Based on the push-out test results on large studs, partial composite beams with about 38% degree of shear connection were fabricated and static tests were performed. The ultimate strength and horizontal shear load redistribution of partial composite beams, which had parameters of stud shank diameters and distribution, were evaluated and group failure in shear span was observed. The ultimate strength of the shear connection had a value about 1.59 times larger than that from push-out tests.     

The steel deck institute method for designing composite slabs

The Steel Deck Institute (SDI) of the United States has synthesized the research and testing done on composite slabs and is ready to present a design rationale based on customary reinforced concrete methods. Two design procedures are shown: one for when there are no shear studs on the beams and the other for when there are studs. A partial composite factor is introduced for cases when shear studs may be sparsely applied.     

Zur Frage der Ermüdungsfestigkeit von Kopfbolzendübeln

Fatigue resistance of headed shear studs. The design concepts in current national and international standards for headed shear studs in composite structures under fatigue loads are based on the assumptions, that the ultimate shear resistance of headed shear studs and the load‐deflection behaviour under service loads are not affected by high cyclic loading up to the theoretical value of their life time. These assumptions do not represent the real behaviour of headed shear studs subjected to fatigue loading. The paper deals with the results of the project C8 within the scope of Collaborative Research Centre 398 funded by the German Research Foundation. Based on a comprehensive program of experimental investigations new damage models to describe the effect of high cyclic loading on the local behaviour of headed shear studs are developed. On this basis the interaction between the local damage at the studs and the global behaviour of composite beams is investigated.     

Drilled standoff screws for shear connection in light composite steel-concrete trusses

Composite steel-concrete flexural members have become increasingly popular in the design and construction of floor systems, structural frames and bridges. A particularly popular system features composite trusses (open web joists) that can span large lengths and provide open web space for installation of typical utility conduits. One problem that arises with respect to composite joists has been the installation of welded shear studs. As the joist span gets smaller, the top chord also gets smaller. The thinner the top chord member becomes, the more difficult it is to weld studs without burning through the base member. Likewise, as the joists get smaller, the greater the sweep (lateral out-of-straightness) tends to become. For these reasons, a form of shear connector other than welded shear studs is of interest. This paper presents research results for a new type of shear connector, the standoff screw. This type of connector is drilled, rather then welded, and represents a viable alternative to headed shear studs in light composite trusses or open web joists. Results of experimental and analytical research are presented, as well as the development of a recommended design methodology.     

Design and behavior of light composite steel-concrete trusses with drilled standoff screw shear connections

Composite steel-concrete flexural members have become increasingly popular in the design and construction of floor systems, structural frames, and bridges. A subtype of such composite floors is a system featuring composite trusses, also referred to as composite open-web joists, which can span large lengths and provide open web space for the installation of typical utility conduits. One problem that arises with respect to composite joists has been the installation of welded shear studs. In many composite trusses, the composite action can significantly reduce the required size and thickness of the top chord. The thinner the top chord member becomes, the more difficult it is to weld studs without burning through the base member. Likewise, as the joists get smaller, the greater the sweep (lateral out-of-straightness) tends to become. For these reasons, a form of shear connector other than welded shear studs is of interest. The results of the elemental push-out tests, analytical study and the resulting strength prediction models for the strength of the shear connection have previously been presented by the authors. This paper presents the analytical and experimental findings pertaining to the design and behavior of composite truss members with standoff screws as shear connectors.     

九堡大桥引桥组合梁焊钉受力性能研究

九堡大桥引桥为多跨连续组合箱梁桥,截面为开口梯形钢梁与混凝土桥面板组合形式,钢梁与混凝土板间设置了大量的圆柱体焊钉连接件,连接件受力形式与传统钢板梁组合桥不同。文中结合该工程,采用ANSYS有限元程序建立其空间实体模型,采用弹簧单元详细模拟了焊钉,计算了焊钉连接件的受力,分析了焊钉连接件的受力特点。结果表明:焊钉连接件不仅承受沿纵桥向的剪力,还承受沿横桥向的剪力及沿竖向的拉拔力,连接件所受的剪力和拉拔力在全桥范围分布规律复杂。     

Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten liegender Kopfbolzendübel unter Quer‐ und Längsschub

Structural and fatigue behaviour of horizontally lying shear studs subjected to vertical and longitudinal shear. In consideration of structural, manufacturing and economic aspects new interesting composite cross sections for buildings and bridges consisting of reinforced concrete and structural steel lead to a horizontally lying arrangement of headed shear studs influenced by edge proximity. Compared to common vertical shear studs the relatively small distance of horizontally lying shear studs from the edge of the slab leads to different bedding conditions of the connectors within the surrounding reinforced concrete material, which results in differing structural and fatigue behaviour of this type of shear connection. For future applications of horizontally lying shear studs on the basis of experimental and theoretical investigations design rules for the shear connection subjected to monotonic vertical shear, monotonic vertical and longitudinal shear and cyclic longitudinal shear are presented.     

Parametric study and fatigue-life-cycle design of shear studs in composite bridges

Headed studs are widely used in steel-concrete composite bridges to resist longitudinal shear forces at the interface of steel girder and concrete slab. These studs are subjected to high-cycle fatigue loading due to the growth of traffic and increase in train speed. Within the frame of this paper, the dynamic structural behavior of the shear studs during train passages is studied. Different fatigue endurance models are employed for fatigue life estimation. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of different parameters that influence the fatigue life of shear studs. Finally a fatigue-life-cycle design procedure based on the train-bridge interaction analysis and the fatigue endurance model is proposed.     

Behavior of post-installed shear connectors under static and fatigue loading

This paper describes a series of tests investigating methods to develop composite action in existing non-composite floor systems. Three types of 22-mm diameter post-installed shear connectors were tested under static and fatigue loading. Test results are compared with previous research results on 19-mm diameter, post-installed shear connectors as well as with conventional welded shear studs. Based on the test results, preliminary design equations are proposed for the static and fatigue strength of post-installed shear connectors. These post-installed shear connectors showed a significantly higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs. The superior fatigue strength of these post-installed shear connectors enables the strengthening of existing bridge girders using significantly fewer shear connectors than possible with conventional welded shear studs.