氯乙烯系接枝共聚物

提供了成品的透明度和耐冲击性均良好,同时保持原有氯乙烯系树脂机械强度的氯乙烯接枝共聚物。在不少于１种的（甲基）丙烯酸酯（其均聚物的玻璃化转化温度为－１４０～３０℃）中,掺入质量分数为５％～７０％的至少１种可自由基聚合的单体（其均聚物的折光指数为１．５１～１．７５）,在此混合单体１００份（质量份,下同）中,混合、共聚０．１～３０份多官能团单体,制得丙烯酸系共聚物胶乳浆料,此共聚物的折光率为１．５１～     

国外合成氯乙烯接枝共聚物技术

本文综述了国外氯乙烯接枝共聚物合成技术,包括以PVC为主链的接枝共聚和以PVC为侧支链的接枝共聚技术。同时介绍了一些商品氯乙烯接枝共聚物及其性能、用途,并简单介绍了一些提高共聚接枝率的方法。     

氯化聚乙烯接枝氯乙烯聚合速率及传热

本文用气相色谱技术研究氯化聚乙烯(CPE)-接枝(g)-氯乙烯(VC)聚合动力学,对不同引发剂体系分析热负荷分布,并对7 m~3聚合釜传热面进行校核。     

氯化聚乙烯接枝氯乙烯聚合釜搅拌的放大

以氯化聚乙烯(CPE)接枝(-g-)氯乙烯(VC)聚合釜为背景,对5L、6L、100L及7m~3釜进行冷模试验,测定各釜的搅拌功率,以等单位体积功率为放大准则,将5L釜较好的实验条件放大到100L与7m~3聚合釜,得到满意结果。     

一种低气味高活性接枝聚醚多元醇

对比了离子交换树脂工艺聚醚多元醇LEP–4801LV及后续接枝聚醚LHH–500L与传统酸中和工艺聚醚多元醇及其接枝聚醚在醛含量、总碳VOC(挥发性有机物)以及气味上的表现,同时将接枝聚醚制成模塑泡沫,对气味、五苯三醛等VOC进行测试对比。结果表明,离子交换树脂工艺聚醚多元醇所得接枝聚醚LHH–500L可明显改善下游制品的气味和VOC。     

聚醚接枝聚硅氧烷的合成及其在金属清洗剂中的应用

在微波条件下,通过硅氢反应合成聚醚接枝聚硅氧烷。考察了各因素对反应的影响,确定了最佳合成条件为:微波功率600 W,聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚醋酸酯与含氢硅油的摩尔比为1.2∶1,氯铂酸催化剂(以Pt质量计)添加量为每kg反应体系加入10 mg,反应时间40 min,在该条件下,平均转化率为94.7%。利用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征。以合成的聚醚接枝聚硅氧烷为原料制备了消泡剂,并应用于金属清洗剂中,结果表明,制备的消泡剂在该体系中性能稳定、抑泡效果良好,添加消泡剂后的金属清洗剂的洗涤效果良好。     

接枝聚醚羟值测定的影响因素

对酞酐—咪唑—吡啶酰化法测定接枝聚醚羟值容易引起误差的几个重要因素进行了探讨.分析了样品取样量、吡啶溶液用量、酰化反应温度、酰化剂含水、酰化剂用量、样品溶解等对羟值测定结果的影响,以提高羟值测定结果的准确度.     

高固含量接枝聚醚质量影响因素探讨

对影响高固含量 (乙烯基聚合物质量分数 )接枝聚醚性能的几个因素进行了探讨 ,实验表明 ,控制苯乙烯与丙烯腈的质量比在 2 .0～ 2 .2、选择合适的分散剂 ,可获得粘度在 5 5 0 0～ 60 0 0mPa·s、固含量 4 0 %左右的接枝聚醚。对一种分散剂进行了改进 ,改善了所制得块状软泡的压陷硬度。采用复合抗氧剂 ,改善了泡沫的耐黄芯性能。研制的接枝聚醚其各项性能与进口产品的接近。用接枝聚醚与聚醚 30 10以 5 0 / 5 0质量比制得的密度为 2 7kg/m3 的块泡 ,65 %ILD为 5 98N/ (0 .0 32 3m2 ) ,拉伸强度 12 8kPa ,撕裂强度为 175N/m ,伸长率 10 7% ,回弹率 2 7%。     

接枝聚醚多元醇的合成研究

以马来酸酐(MA)和聚四氢呋喃醚(PTMGG-1000)为原料,通过酯化反应得到不饱和聚醚.以该不饱和聚醚为分散稳定剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发荆,十二烷基硫醇(DDM)为链转移剂,以苯乙烯、丙烯腈等为接枝单体,通过半连续工艺合成出稳定的白色接枝聚醚产品.讨论了基础聚醚、反应温度、苯乙烯含量、分散稳定剂、引发剂和链转移剂对接枝聚醚状态的影响.     

加入接枝聚醚提高聚氨酯泡沫塑料硬度

本文讨论了加入接枝聚醚提高聚所酯泡沫塑料硬度的原理，以及接枝聚醚用量对提高硬度的影响，并与其它填料对聚氨酯泡沫塑料性能的影响作了比较。     

Relative reactivities and graft distributions of polystyrene Macromers® in vinyl chloride copolymerization

Polystyrene macromonomers terminated with methacrylate, vinyl ether, or maleic half ester functionalities were evaluated in free radical initiated copolymerizations with vinyl chloride in aqueous suspension polymerization. Macromers® (M₁) terminated with methacrylate disappeared very rapidly in copolymerization with vinyl chloride (M₂). The relative reactivity ratio, r₂, was determined to be 0.05 in good agreement with literature values of about 0.04. Vinyl ether-terminated Macromers® had unexpectedly uniform reactivity with vinyl chloride in early conversion samples, but macromonomer conversion was incomplete. Macromers® having maleic half ester functionality were incorporated rapidly in vinyl chloride copolymerization at pH 2.5 (r₂ = 0.13). However, at pH 10 these Macromers® had reduced reactivity (r₂ = 0.34), which improved graft polymer uniformity. These Macromer® copolymerization relative reactivities are shown to be useful in predicting and controlling graft densities and graft polymer heterogeneity which influence morphology, processing, and mechanical properties.     

梳型接枝PVC的制备

研究了聚氯乙烯与肉豆蔻酸钠的接枝反应,并制备梳形接枝PVC。利用FT-IR、1H-NMR对梳型接枝PVC的结构进行表征,并探讨反应条件对接枝率的影响。结果表明,梳形侧链成功接枝到PVC上,且在反应温度70℃、反应时间9h、单体用量50%时,接枝率最高。     

Mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) blends and corresponding graft copolymers

The mechanical properties of the poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) and poly (glycidyl methacrylate) [poly (GMA)] blend system and the PVC and poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly (HEMA)] blend system and their crosslinked films were investigated. At the same time, the mechanical properties for the corresponding graft copolymers such as PVC-g-GMA, PVC-g-HEMA, and their crosslinked films were also investigated in this study. The results showed that the tensile strengths for PVC–poly (GMA) blend systems were higher than those for PVC-g-GMA graft copolymer, and the tensile strengths for PVC-g-HEMA were higher than those for PVC-poly (HEMA) blend systems. However, the mechanical properties for the PVC–poly (GMA) blend system were not affected by the crosslinking of the blend system, but those for PVC-poly (HEMA) and their graft copolymers decreased with an increase of the equivalent ratio ([NCO]/[OH]) of the crosslinker. Finally, the surface hydrophilicity of the PVC-g-HEMA graft copolymer and PVC-poly (HEMA) blends were also assessed through measuring the contact angle. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67: 307–319, 1998     

乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯工艺

介绍了乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的合成工艺及研究过程，并将乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯与国外其他几种制氯乙烯的方法对比分析，还介绍了欧洲乙烯公司开发研究乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的情况，指出乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯工艺具有很好的经济效益。     

氯乙烯机后酸性产生的原因与改造

氯乙烯压缩机后放水酸性较高,会导致压缩与精馏设备腐蚀加剧,还影响到生产的稳定和最终的产品质量.通过跟踪测定,分析其生成原因,采取相应的整改措施,取得了良好效果与经济效益.     

氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚糊树脂的开发

介绍了国内外氯乙烯一醋酸乙烯酯共聚糊树脂的基本理论、生产状况、产品特性及工艺技术，并详细介绍了沈阳化工股份有限公司的氯醋糊树脂开发的进程、工艺及产品的质量指标。     

乙烷氧氯化反应制氯乙烯的研究

介绍了乙烷氧氯化反应制氯乙烯的研究情况,对Cu基催化剂的催化活性进行了评价。研究结果表明：助剂KCl、CeO2、LaCl3或La2O3均可显著提高Cu基催化剂的活性和稳定性。     

氯乙烯合成中废酸脱吸及其应用

介绍了青岛海晶化工集团在氯乙烯合成中废酸脱吸的生产工艺,在脱吸过程中出现的问题及采取的措施。     

氯乙烯-偏氯乙烯共聚乳液的生产与应用

叙述了乳液聚合技术的发展历程及共聚乳液的反应机制,介绍了氯乙烯-偏氯乙烯共聚乳液的基础配方及生产方法,指出影响乳液质量的关键因素是单体质量、乳化剂质量及其配比。     

Physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)–grafted N‐isopropylacrylamide graft copolymers and corresponding polyblends

The physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [poly(NIPAAm)] blend systems, and their corresponding graft copolymers such as PVC‐g‐NIPAAm, were investigated in this work. The compatible range for PVC–poly(NIPAAm) blend systems is less than 15 wt % poly(NIPAAm). The water absorbencies for the grafted films increase with increase in graft percentage. The water absorbencies for the blend systems increase with increase in poly(NIPAAm) content within the compatible range for the blends, but the absorbencies decrease when the amount of poly(NIPAAm) is more than the compatible range in the blend system. The tensile strengths for the graft copolymers are larger than the corresponding blends. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 170–178, 2000