压制方式对电解Cu粉高速压制成形特征的影响

采用HYP35-2型高速冲击压机对电解Cu粉(150μm)分别进行单次和2次压制成形,测定压坯的密度、最大冲击力与脱模力,研究压制方式对成形过程的影响。结果表明,在总冲击能量相同的情况下,单次压制的压坯密度高于2次压制的密度;而2次压制时,第1次压制能量较小时获得的压坯密度高于第1次能量较大时的压坯密度。压制方式对最大冲击力的影响与其对压坯密度的影响相似。采用单次压制和2次压制的高速压制方式,脱模力均较低且稳定,压坯密度与最大压力之间的关系符合黄培云压制方程。此外,对比研究了单次压制和2次压制的应力波曲线。     

脱脂工艺对注射成形钼合金碳含量的影响

采用粉末注射成形技术制备钼合金坯体,研究溶剂脱脂和热脱脂工艺对注射坯中碳含量的影响.结果表明,溶剂脱脂率随温度升高而增大,随坯体厚度增加而减小;热脱脂坯的碳含量和热脱脂的升温速率、坯体厚度和保温工艺密切相关.随升温速率加快,或坯体尺寸增大,热脱脂后坯体的碳含量增多;在400～550℃保温1h,碳含量急剧降低;采用多步保温能较大程度地降低热脱脂坯的碳含量,最低降至0.059％.脱脂坯中一部分热分解碳以游离态形式存在,另一部分热分解碳和钼颗粒发生反应生成钼的碳化物.     

醇-水基料浆凝胶注模成形制备粉煤灰多孔陶瓷

以工业废料粉煤灰为原料,采用醇-水基料浆凝胶注模成形新工艺制备粉煤灰多孔陶瓷,系统研究预球磨时间和烧结温度对粉煤灰多孔陶瓷显微形貌、物相、抗弯强度、气体渗透速率、密度和开孔率的影响,以及坯体与烧结体的结构继承性。结果表明:随预球磨时间延长或烧结温度升高,粉煤灰多孔陶瓷的密度和强度显著升高,开孔率和气体渗透速率急剧降低;当预球磨时间为8 h时,体积分数为15%的粉煤灰坯体在1 100℃烧结2 h,样品综合性能最佳:密度为0.77 g/cm3,抗弯强度为8.80 MPa,开孔率为71.2%,气体渗透率为100.5 m3/(m2·h·k Pa),最可几孔径为5.56μm,孔径分布均匀,孔隙分布窄,呈三维无规则贯通孔结构。     

熔渗铜用多孔金刚石坯体的制备

高体积分数金刚石颗粒增强Cu基复合材料由于硬度高导致其难以加工成形。采用粉末注射成形制备多孔金刚石预成形坯和Cu熔渗相结合的工艺可以实现金刚石/Cu的近净成形。本文对经过表面镀铬再镀铜的金刚石粉末注射成形涉及的关键工艺,包括粘结剂的选择、注射成形工艺过程、烧结工艺等进行研究。结果表明,采用成分为70%石蜡+25%高密度聚乙烯+5%硬脂酸的粘结剂作为金刚石粉末注射成形的载体时,喂料具备优异的综合流变性能,同时可以获得较高的固相体积分数。采用上述配方的粘结剂,最佳的注射温度为165～175℃,注射压力为80～90 MPa。脱脂金刚石预制坯最佳的烧结条件为:烧结温度1 050℃,保温时间25 min,此时坯体的强度达到10 MPa,孔隙基本全部为开孔隙。     

梯度孔径FeAl金属间化合物多孔材料的制备与性能

先以Fe、Al元素粉末为原料,采用偏扩散/反应合成-烧结工艺制备FeAl金属间化合物多孔材料支撑体,再用粉末湿法喷涂技术将羰基Fe-25Al混合粉喷涂于支撑体表面,经过压制和真空烧结,获得具有梯度孔径的FeAl多孔材料。通过XRD、SEM等测试手段对烧结后的支撑体以及孔结构性能进行表征,并研究压制压力对FeAl多孔材料孔结构性能的影响。结果表明,梯度孔径FeAl多孔材料的最大孔径、透气度及开孔隙度都随压制压力升高而减小。但相对于支撑体,涂层压制压力为120 MPa时最大孔径和透气度分别减小76.46%和32.86%,而开孔隙度略有增大。     

料浆刷涂针刺法制备C_f/C-ZrB_2复合材料及其力学性能

以天然石墨粉、ZrB_2粉末、醇溶性酚醛树脂粉末及炭纤维毡、炭纤维无纬布为原料,采用料浆刷涂、针刺、温压固化、高温碳化工艺,结合化学气相沉积工艺,制备C_f/C-ZrB_2复合材料。通过阿基米德排水法测试密度及孔隙率,采用扫描电镜分析及力学性能测试等手段,研究料浆固含量对C_f/C-ZrB_2多孔坯体中基体粉末分布的影响,以及对C_f/C-ZrB_2复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:料浆固含量增加,坯体中基体粉末分布的均匀性提高,材料力学性能随浆料固含量的增加呈现先升后降的趋势,当料浆固相体积分数为15%时,材料抗弯强度达到121.86 MPa。     

粉末冶金钛合金SP-700的制备

以Ti、Fe、Mo元素粉及60A140V中间合金粉为原料,通过混料、模压和真空烧结,制备粉末冶金SP-700钛合金,系统研究粉末原料、压制压力及烧结温度等工艺参数对合金相对密度、组织和性能的影响。结果表明,随着压制压力增加,SP-700压坯与烧结体的相对密度均提高;用平均粒度低、氧含量高的Ti粉为原料制备的压坯密度低,而烧结体密度高;烧结温度升高使烧结体密度略微增大。SP-700烧结体组织为晶界和晶内旺层片分布在β基体上;烧结体的性能受粉末原料及烧结温度的强烈影响。与Ti-6Al-4V合金相比,SP-700具有更加细小的组织和更优异的性能。制备SP-700烧结体的最佳工艺以及制品的性能参数为：采用低氧钛粉（0．15％O,平均粒度为73．6μm）,在500MPa压力下压制成形、在1260℃真空烧结5h;相对密度达96．3％,抗拉强度为1008MPa,屈服强度为931MPa,伸长率达4.3％。     

氧化预处理对超细晶硬质合金材料性能的影响

采用超细WC粉末(d≤500 nm)制备的超细晶硬质合金,因WC和Co粉粒度极细,比表面积大,坯体压制成形后,等待烧结过程中容易受到环境氧的影响,使坯体表面与芯部氧含量不同而形成氧梯度,影响硬质合金材料性能。采用创新开发的氧化预处理工艺,结合自主研发设计的预处理设备,对WC-9%Co超细晶硬质合金坯体进行烧结前氧化预处理,再进行后续的低压烧结。对比分析了未经预处理与经过氧化预处理的坯体各部分氧含量,以及烧结后合金各部分磁饱和(σ_s)、抗弯强度(TRS)、洛氏硬度(HRA)、断裂韧性(K_IC)、矫顽磁力(H_c)等材料性能。结果表明：经过氧化预处理后,坯体中总的氧含量增加,氧含量分布更均匀;烧结后,合金的磁饱和显著降低且分布更均匀,同时抗弯强度和硬度等性能得到有效改善,而致密度、孔隙度未发生变化。     

石墨取向化铜基摩擦材料的性能研究

以Al_2O_3弥散强化铜粉为基体,镀铜鳞片石墨为润滑相,通过冷压薄坯层叠热压烧结工艺制备了鳞片石墨取向化分布的铜基摩擦材料,采用扫描电子显微镜观察了鳞片石墨在铜基体中的分布情况,并对铜基摩擦材料的密度、硬度、抗压强度、热导率及摩擦性能进行了测试与分析。结果表明:制备的铜基摩擦材料组织中鳞片石墨分布均匀,与铜基体结合良好,石墨片与压制方向趋向于垂直,鳞片石墨之间平行分布;垂直压制方向比压制方向具有更高的硬度和抗压强度,垂直压制方向的热导率是压制方向的3倍,且在高鳞片石墨体积分数下垂直压制方向具有比压制方向更低的摩擦因数、磨损量和摩擦表面温度。     

粘结化铁基粉末的高速压制成形与烧结行为研究

研究了采用粉末改性处理和高速压制相结合的技术制备高密度铁基粉末冶金材料的工艺。所用的粘结化铁基粉末的名义成分(质量分数)为Fe-1.5Ni-0.5Cu-0.5C;重点研究了压制能量和粉末塑化改性对压坯密度的影响,以及高密度压坯的烧结致密化行为。结果表明:粘结化铁基粉末具有较高的流动性(25.1s/50g)和松装密度(3.2～3.4g/cm3)。未经塑化改性处理的粉末随着压制速度的增加,压坯密度提高缓慢,在8.7m/s高压制速度下,压坯密度为7.37g/cm3。塑化改性处理粉末具有优异的塑性变形能力,压坯密度随着冲击能量的增加而迅速增大,在6.2～8.7m/s的压制速度范围内,压坯密度为7.07～7.62g/cm3。经过8.7m/s高速压制和1 150℃烧结后,烧结体密度达到7.51g/cm3,相对密度为96.5%。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.