The effect of Al content on the galvanic corrosion behaviour of coupled Ni/graphite and Ni–Al coatings

In this study, the corrosion behaviour of 75Ni/25graphite abradable coating and Ni–Al bonding coatings with different Al content were investigated with open circuit potential and polarization tests. The galvanic corrosion of the coupled Ni/graphite and Ni–Al coatings was studied by using a zero-resistance ammeter in 5 wt% NaCl solution. The experimental results showed that the corrosion resistance of the Ni–Al coatings decreased with increasing Al contents. In the galvanic corrosion test, the Ni–Al coatings with high Al contents (80Ni–20Al, 85Ni–15Al, and 90Ni–10Al) were the anodic element of the couples, while, the 95Ni–5Al acted as the cathode element in the couple.     

Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Mg–Al alloys with thermal spray Al/SiCp composite coatings

The corrosion protection of Mg–Al alloys by flame thermal spraying of Al/SiC particles (SiCp) composite coatings was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The volume fraction of SiCp varied between 5 and 30%. The as-sprayed Al/SiCp composite coatings revealed a high number of microchannels, largely in the vicinity of the SiCp, that facilitated the penetration of the electrolyte and the subsequent galvanic corrosion of the magnesium substrates. The application of a cold-pressing post-treatment reduced the degree of porosity of the coatings and improved the bonding at the coating/substrate and Al/SiC interfaces. This resulted in improved corrosion resistance of the coated specimens. The effectiveness of the coatings slightly decreased with the addition of 5–30 vol.% SiCp compared with the unreinforced thermal spray aluminium coatings.     

2024Al与SiC_p/2024Al复合材料的腐蚀与腐蚀控制研究

用电化学方法和腐蚀失重法研究了 ２０２４Ａｌ和ＳｉＣｐ／２０２４Ａｌ复合材料在 ３．５％ＮａＣｌ水溶液中的耐蚀性,用电化学阻 抗技术对它们的硫酸阳极氧化膜保护性进行了跟踪评价．结果表明ＳｉＣｐ／２０２４Ａｌ在 ３．５％ＮａＣｌ水溶液中比 ２０２４Ａｌ有较大的 腐蚀敏感性．２０２４Ａｌ表面的阳极氧化膜,经热水封闭后,可提供相当好的保护作用．热水封闭的Ｓｉｐ／２０２４Ａｌ阳极氧化膜, 具有良好的耐 ＮａＣｌ溶液腐蚀能力,由于氧化膜中ＳｉＣ颗粒的存在破坏了氧化膜的完整性和均匀性,故其耐蚀性不如 ２０２４ Ａｌ 合金的阳极氧化膜．     

Anomalous reheating behavior of SiCp/Al composite with high volume fraction reinforcement

The reheating behavior of 50 vol.% SiCp/Al squeeze casting composite was investigated at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 900°C using XRD and SEM techniques from the microstructural point of view. It was found that SiCp/Al composite could hold its original shape while being reheated at temperatures elevated even far above the melting temperature of pure Al. The high volume fraction of SiC reinforcement, which would restrict the fluidity of molten Al matrix and the reconfiguration of SiC particles during the reheating of SiCp/Al composite, was thought to be responsible for the “remelting resistance” of the SiCp/Al composite. The extent of the reaction between the SiC particles and molten Al was found to increase with increased reheating temperature. From the viewpoint of controlling the formation of aluminum carbide, reheating temperature either for recycling or for remelting processing of the SiCp/Al composite, a temperature lower than 750°C would be better. Despite its being unfavorable to remelting or recycling processing, the remelting resistance of the SiCp/Al composite with high volume fraction reinforcement is attractive for thermal function and high temperature applications.     

Oxidation behaviour of cast aluminium matrix composites with Ce surface coatings

The oxidation behaviour of SiC-reinforced aluminium matrix composites (A3xx.x/SiCp) has been studied after Ce-based treatments. Kinetics data of oxidation process were obtained from gravimetric tests performed at different temperatures (350, 425 and 500 °C). The nature of the oxidation layer was analyzed by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The extent of oxidation degradation in untreated composites was preferentially localized in matrix/SiCp interfaces favouring the MgO formation. Ce coatings favoured a uniform oxidation of the composite surface with MgAl₂O₄ spinel formation. This oxide increased the surface hardness of the materials.     

Composite coatings with and without an in situ forming Cr-based interlayer: Preparation and oxidation behaviour

Two composite coatings with and without the Cr-based interlayer have been prepared. Isothermal oxidation at 1000, 1100 and 1150 °C as well as cyclic oxidation at 1100 °C has been performed on the two coatings. The results reveal that the improvements in oxidation properties are primarily ascribed to the inhibition effect of Cr-based interlayer on the inward diffusion of Al. In addition, diffusive transformation of Al and Ni, and the original presence of ReNi layer are believed to be responsible for the formation of Cr-based interlayer.     

Corrosion behaviour of silicon-carbide-particle reinforced AZ92 magnesium alloy

The corrosion behaviour of silicon-carbide-particle (SiCp) reinforced AZ92 magnesium alloy manufactured by a powder metallurgy process was evaluated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, neutral salt fog (ASTM B 117) and high relative humidity (98% RH, 50 °C) environments. The findings revealed severe corrosion of AZ92/SiC/0-10p materials in salt fog environment with formation of corrosion products consisting of Mg(OH)₂ and (Mg,Al)_x(OH)_y. The addition of SiCp increased the corrosion rate and promoted cracking and spalling of the corrosion layer for increasing exposure times. Composite materials revealed higher corrosion resistance in high humidity atmosphere with almost no influence of SiCp on the corrosion behaviour.     

Influence of reinforcement proportion and matrix composition on pitting corrosion behaviour of cast aluminium matrix composites (A3xx.x/SiCp)

The influence of silicon carbide (SiCp) proportion and matrix composition on four aluminium metal matrix composites (A360/SiC/10p, A360/SiC/20p, A380/SiC/10p, A380/SiC/20p) immersed in 1-3.5 wt% NaCl at 22 °C was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization. The kinetics of the corrosion process was studied on the basis of gravimetric measurements. The nature of corrosion products was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and low angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion damage in Al/SiCp composites was caused by pitting attack and by nucleation and growth of Al₂O₃ · 3H₂O on the material surface. The main attack nucleation sites were the interface region between the matrix and the reinforcement particles. The corrosion process was influenced more by the concentration of alloy elements in the matrix than by the proportion of SiCp reinforcement and saline concentration.     

Al/SiCp复合材料的断裂行为

采用粉末冶金和喷射沉积方法制备了Al及Al／SiCp复合材料，测试了材料的力学性能，利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察了材料的断裂行为。结果表明，Al／SiCp复合材料的强度比基体材料的高，但塑性低。粉末冶金方法制备的Al／SiCp复合材料与喷射沉积方法制备的比较，前者组织更致密，强度更高，塑性更好，断裂是SiC颗粒开裂，裂纹的传递主要沿颗粒中形成的裂纹扩展；后者断裂主要表现为SiC颗粒从基体中拔出，裂纹的传递大多是SiC颗粒周围形成的裂纹在基体中扩展。     

变形条件对SiCp/2014Al复合材料力学行为和晶粒度的影响

研究了变形温度,应变速率和变形程度等热加工参数对ＳｉＣｐ／２０１４Ａｌ复合材料力学行为和晶粒度的影响。结果表明,该材料的流动应力对变形温度和应变速率比较敏感。变形每升高４０℃,流动应力降低５￣１０ＭＰａ,应变速率每提高一个数量级,流动应力增加１．３￣１．８们。提高应变整编有利于获得细晶组织。以足够的变形程度锻造以及适当提高锻后冷却速度均有利于获得细晶组织。根据实验结果确定了该材料的流动应力与热加工     

基于二维切削的SiCp/Al复合材料表面损伤形成机制研究

目的 研究SiCp/Al复合材料切削过程中的表面损伤形成机制。方法 以SiCp/Al复合材料为研究对象,展开基于二维切削的仿真和实验研究,建立了包含铝合金2A14、SiC增强颗粒以及界面特性的SiCp/Al切削仿真模型,对作用于不同Si C颗粒部位的材料表面缺陷进行分析;接着利用高速直线电机搭建能映射二维切削条件的实验平台,在不同材料去除条件下,利用扫描电子显微镜和白光干涉仪对切削表面形貌进行测试,分析和验证切削表面损伤形成条件。结果 SiCp/Al复合材料切削表面损伤机理取决于SiC颗粒相对刀具切削路径的位置：当刀尖作用在Si C颗粒的顶部时,表面损伤主要为基体撕裂、颗粒破碎;当刀尖作用在Si C颗粒的中部时,表面损伤为颗粒破碎导致的裂纹和凹坑;当刀尖作用在Si C颗粒的底部时,表面损伤为颗粒拔出导致的凹坑。随着切削深度的增大,凹坑逐渐增多,表面粗糙度随之增大。结论 利用二维切削模型仿真方法和高速直线电机实验,可以有效研究复合材料切削损伤形成机制。Si C颗粒相对刀具切削路径的位置不同会导致切削损伤不同;SiCp/Al复合材料表面质量会随着切削速度的提升而有所提高。     

Influence of Ce surface treatments on corrosion behaviour of A3xx.x/SiCp composites in 3.5 wt.% NaCl

The influence of silicon carbide particles (SiCp) proportion and matrix composition on aluminium metal matrix composites A3xx.x/SiCp modified by cerium-based conversion or electrolysis coating was evaluated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl at 22 °C using potentiodynamic polarization and gravimetric measurements. Ce-treated surfaces presented better corrosion behaviour in chloride media than original composite surfaces without treatment. Both treatments preferentially covered the intermetallic compounds and SiCp. The electrolysis afforded a higher degree of protection than conversion treatment because the coating was more extensive. Coating microstructure and nature of corrosion products were analysed by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy (SEM, AFM) and low angle X-ray diffraction (XRD).     

Microstructure and corrosion resistance of modified 2024 Al alloy using surface mechanical attrition treatment combined with microarc oxidation process

A top ceramic coating was fabricated on the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) modified nanocrystalline layer of 2024 Al alloy by microarc oxidation (MAO) process. The corrosion resistance of the SMAT-MAO composite coating was studied by EIS. The results show that SMAT-MAO composite coating with 10 μm top ceramic coating exhibited better corrosion resistance, while the SMAT-MAO coating with the thickness of 15 μm showed worse corrosion resistance compared with those simple MAO coatings with same thickness. The formation of a dense passive film at the damaged region caused by the bottom nanocrystalline interface contributed to the improved corrosion resistance property.     

Influence of metallurgical states on the corrosion behaviour of Al–Zn PVD coatings in saline solution

The objective of this study is to define the corrosion behaviour of different Al–Zn coatings, deposited by magnetron sputtering. The coatings exhibiting the best corrosion resistance are then characterised during long immersion tests in neutral 5 wt.% NaCl solution.The results show that the corrosion behaviour is strongly dependent on the zinc content. The evolution of the degradation mechanism is also related to the microstructure of the alloys. These alloys present very interesting properties for steel protection. Nevertheless, the zinc content has to be well defined in order to avoid a high dissolution of the coating.     

Effects of hot rolling on microstructure and properties of a 20 vol. % SiCp／Al composite

A 20 vol.% SiCp/Al composite was fabricated by squeeze casting, of which a new process for fabricating the preform was used by blending Al powder and SiC particulates with average diameters of 10 and 3.5μtm, respectively. The microstructure of the as-cast and the hot-rolled composite was investigated by using TEM, EDS, and SEM, and their tensile properties were measured at room temperature. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength and ultimate elongation of the hot-rolled composite are 80% and 140% higher than those of the as-cast one. The TEM observation result indicates that there are high density of dislocations and dislocation tangles in the hot-rolled composite. Al2O3 layers in the composite resuiting from the surface oxidation of the aluminum powders were damaged to spherical particles during hot rolling. All the results indicate that hot-rolling can improve the mechanical properties of the composite and, therefore, engineering components of the 20 vol.% SiCp/Al composite can be produced by squeeze casting followed by hot-rolling.     

高体分比SiCp／Al复合材料的近净成形技术

高体积分数SiCp／Al复合材料具有优异的热物理性能,且密度较低,是非常理想的电子封装材料。但是由于其本身高的脆性和硬度,使得该材料很难通过二次机械加工成所需要的形状,严重制约了该材料的应用：采用粉末注射成形-无压熔渗工艺成功实现了高体积分数SiCp／Al复合材料的近净成形：采用该工艺所制备的复合材料的致密度高于99％,可实现热膨胀系数在（5—7）×10^-6K^-1范围内进行调节,材料的热导率高于185W／（m·K）,抗弯强度高于370MPa,气密性可达10^-11Pa·m^3·s^-1,各项指标均叮以满足电子封装对材料的性能要求,另外为了实现SiCp／Al复合材料与其他材料的封接,项目成功开发了一种Al—Si—Cu系焊料,封接后器件的各项性能指标尤其是气密性也均能满足使用要求。     

超声振动辅助车削SiCp/Al切屑形成机理及表面粗糙度研究

目的 研究切屑形成机理对加工过程的影响。方法 超声振动辅助车削技术通过刀具振动的拟间歇切削特征控制切屑尺寸和切屑形态,从而提高了加工表面质量。针对SiCp/Al复合材料的切屑形成机理,探究常规车削和超声振动辅助车削的切屑形成过程。研究了颗粒分布对第一变形区变形阶段的影响,以及不同加工方式下切削参数对切屑形态的影响。最后,描述了切屑自由表面和刀-屑接触界面的颗粒损伤形式,以直观地描述常规车削与超声振动辅助车削SiCp/Al复合材料加工中切屑的形成过程。结果 通过测试加工后工件表面形貌发现超声振动辅助车削的切屑更加连续、切屑尺寸较小的加工表面粗糙度更小,常规车削的表面粗糙度为0.805μm,超声振动辅助车削的表面粗糙度为0.404μm,超声振动辅助车削比常规车削的表面粗糙度降低了49.8%。结论 与常规车削相比,超声振动辅助车削有利于减小切屑厚度。超声振动辅助车削得到的切屑更加连续,避免了切屑碎裂,促进了切屑的顺利排出。通过对切屑形态进行研究,选择最优切削参数可以有效提高工件表面质量。     

等离子弧焊接SiCp/Al基复合材料焊缝“原位”合金化分析

采用等离子弧焊焊接SiCp／Al基复合材料,以Ar＋N2为离子气,并以Ti作为合金化填充材料,研究了焊缝“原位”合金化元素Ti对焊缝显微组织的影响。结果表明,采用焊缝原位合金化方法焊接SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料（sicp／A1MMCs）,可以有效抑制焊缝中针状脆性相Al4C3的形成,并且由于耶的加入,改善了增强相和Al基体之间的润湿性,形成了稳定的熔池,得到以均匀分布的TiN、AlN等为增强相的新型铝基复合材料焊缝,焊接性能得到有效提高。同时还研究了Ti的添加量对焊缝显微组织的影响,结果发现,随着耶含量的增加,焊缝中还生成如Ti5Si3等新的增强相。焊缝“原位”合金化等离子弧焊接是焊接SiCp／Al基复合材料的一种新方法。     

Hot corrosion behaviour of low Al NiCoCrAlY cladded coatings reinforced by nano-particles on a Ni-base super alloy

Three NiCoCrAlY coatings with Al content lower than 5 wt.% reinforced by different kinds of nano-particles with the same addition and one without nano-particles were prepared on a Ni-base super alloy using laser cladding technique. Hot corrosion of the NiCoCrAlY coatings in Na₂SO₄/K₂SO₄ (75:25, wt./wt.) mixture was performed at 1050 °C in static air. Results indicate that the hot corrosion resistance of the coatings with nano-particles is better than that of the one without nano-particles, among which the one with nano-CeO₂ presented the best hot corrosion resistance. Effects of nano-particles on the hot corrosion behaviour were also discussed.     

SiCp/Al复合材料反射镜坯表面镀镍层的结合分析

SiCp/Al复合材料具有质量轻、导热性能好、高强度、高比模量、热膨胀系数低、耐磨损等优点,在空间轻型反射镜领域有良好的应用前景.在SiCp/Al复合材料表面化学镀镍可以改善其抛光性能.本研究采用实验和分子模拟方法探讨了镀层与SiCp/Al复合材料表面的结合机制.采用扫描电子显微镜观察镀层的表观形貌,结果表明,镀层均匀致密;采用划痕实验测试镀层的结合强度,其临界载荷Lc大于100N.同时,采用分子动力学模拟的方法从理论上分析镀层与基体的结合状态,并计算出二者的结合能为108.4 KJ·mol-1.