复混肥生产装置改产脲甲醛缓释复合肥料的技术

利用转鼓蒸汽造粒或圆盘造粒复混肥生产装置改造并开发生产脲甲醛缓释复合肥。介绍脲甲醛的生产原理、反应条件控制和脲甲醛缓释复合肥的生产过程。尿素熔融喷浆工艺的转鼓蒸汽造粒复混肥装置改产脲甲醛缓释复合肥具有投资少、工期短、生产成本低于包膜控释肥等优点。该肥料中包含了速效、中效、长效的氮素养分．其氮素利用率可达50％,减少30...     

尿素熔融喷浆造粒工艺生产复合肥

介绍在传统转鼓造粒生产复肥的基础上 ,用尿素熔融液作为氮源及转鼓造粒的液相进行造粒 ,生产三元复肥的工艺路线、运行状况、工艺控制参数和产品指标。该工艺与传统转鼓造粒相比的最大特点是 :解决了传统法用尿素为氮源 ,使烘干温度和产品水分难以控制的困难 ,产量提高近 30 % ,成球率由 40 %～ 6 0 %提高到 70 %～80 % ,产品外观改善。但在生产中要妥善解决尿素浓溶液易结晶堵塞管道以及尿素在高温下易生成缩二脲的问题     

硝酸铵全溶造粒工艺条件的选择--生产15-15-15低氯复肥的又一途径

硝酸铵易吸湿，结块，不易破碎，高温下易发生爆炸，以其为氮素原料掺混的高浓度复肥颗粒不均匀，不致密，外观欠佳。根据硝酸铵的物化性质和在水中的溶解度随温度降低而显著下降等特性，采用高温饱和溶液溶解，低温稀释溶液喷浆的全溶造粒工艺，可制得１５－１５－１５低氯三元复肥。全溶造粒的工艺条件是：控制硝酸铵在反应器中的温度为１２０℃，Ｗ（ＮＨ４ＮＯ３）＝９５％，硝酸铵溶液的喷浆造粒温度７５￣８０℃，Ｗ（ＮＨＮＯ     

合成熔融料浆造粒设备（喷浆造粒）

荆沙化工机械厂是中国化工装备总公司生产复混肥造粒设备的定点企业。其主要生产 1～ 3吨直立碾压式复混肥造粒机、对辊式造粒机、圆盘造粒机、ＦＢＭ型系列涂色、包膜机和年产 1～ 2 0万吨转鼓式造粒机。而今又向全国复肥造粒行业推出最新产品———合成熔融料浆造粒设备。该设备通过 2年多研制 ,1年多的使用 ,近日已在山东、河南、陕西等地通过验收。该设备综合目前国内普遍采用的转鼓造粒设备和喷浆造粒设备的优势 ,既能够满足高、中、低等各种养分含量肥料的要求 ,又可生产液体叶面肥、结晶肥等新型肥料 ,同时解决了传统转鼓造粒设备不…     

浅谈硝基复合肥不同的生产工艺

介绍了硝基复合肥的：种不同的工业化生产工艺,转鼓喷浆造粒．塔式熔体造粒和团粒法复混造粒．并进行了优劣分析。     

高塔造粒与油冷塔式造粒复混肥生产工艺比较

介绍了目前国内正在推广应用的熔融高塔造粒和熔融油冷塔式造粒技术生产复混肥的主要设备及工艺流程。高塔造粒无需干燥,无三废排放,但前期投资费用大,产品配比有一定局限性;而油冷塔式造粒的产品表面光滑且可防止结块,但油耗大,易造成污染。在高塔造粒工艺中增加液相量以生产出除高氮外的其他品种和带式过滤机在油冷造粒工艺中的应用,是熔体造粒技术今后的发展方向。     

影响尿基复合(混)肥造粒的主要因素分析

针对转鼓喷浆造粒工艺生产尿基复合(混)肥所存在的问题,分析造粒温度、湿度、时间,物料的溶解度、黏度、粒度、均匀程度,料浆雾化程度,返料状况,以及造粒设备、干燥方式等影响造粒的主要因素;提出控制造粒温度与湿度的方法,为生产尿基复合(混)肥工艺参数的优化提供了可借鉴的思路.     

稀磷酸氨化造粒生产高浓度复合肥工艺

分析我国高浓度复合肥生产工艺中的几种氨化造粒技术特点,重点介绍稀磷酸氨化造粒生产高浓度复合肥新工艺及该工艺在节能降耗方面的优势,稀磷酸氨化造粒生产高氮高浓度复合肥比传统的转鼓造粒工艺原材料成本节约87.5元/t,产品干燥能耗可降低30%。     

原位反应包膜控释复合肥的养分释放

利用静态水中溶出实验和模拟土壤环境的淋溶实验,研究了含生物质油的包膜原料经原位反应制得包膜复合肥的养分释放。用电导率法和吸光度法分别对离子型养分K^＋、H2PO4^-和NH4^＋和总氮素的释放进行了研究。结果表明,以生物质油为基本原料,在复合肥表面原位反应包膜可以制得符合欧洲标准委员会规定的控释肥;养分的释放速率与包膜材料组成和膜的化学结构等因素有关。     

控释肥料的制造工艺及包膜的结构特征

通过扫描电子显微镜观察树脂包膜型控释肥料的包膜结构,结果表明:控释肥A和B的包膜层均为较均匀、致密的层状叠加排列,叠层间有微小的孔隙,膜层形成了一道坚实的屏障将肥料核心包裹。控释肥B的包膜材料成本比控释肥A低,包膜层孔隙率明显高于后者,因此,控释肥A的养分释放期要长。     

转鼓流化床熔体造粒生产硝基复合肥造粒技术的分析与探讨

采用转鼓流化床熔体造粒技术生产硝基复合肥时,造粒过程不仅受喷嘴的影响,还受混合料浆的特性、喷浆压力、造粒温度、返料比等因素的影响.另外,生产硝酸铵磷和硝酸铵钙时也有所不同,生产硝酸铵磷的料浆是用熔融硝酸铵与一定比例的粉状磷酸一铵进行搅拌混合而成,而生产硝酸铵钙是用熔融硝酸铵与一定比例的178 ～ 150 μm（80～100目）白云石粉搅拌混合而成.生产中,硝酸铵磷造粒温度宜控制在110～ 115℃,硝酸铵钙造粒温度可控制在100～105℃.     

控释肥料基施及普通尿素不同基追比对夏玉米产量及氮肥利用率的影响

研究了控释尿素和控释BB肥一次性基施后的肥料效果,以及普通尿素不同基追比对玉米产量和氮肥利用率的影响.研究结果表明:以33.3％普通尿素基施+33.3％大喇叭口期追施+33.3％抽雄期追施的处理最佳,产量最高达8 700 kg/hm2,氮肥利用率为34.3％.控释尿素基施处理和控释BB肥基施处理的氮肥利用率分别为41....     

采用氨酸造粒法生产氯基复合肥的实践

介绍在转技蒸汽遣粒复混肥装王上采用氨酸追粒法生产氯基复合肥。实战证明：不仅改造工期短、投资省、效益好,而且装置可以实现一机双用。     

大颗粒包膜肥料是包膜肥料发展的方向

大颗粒包膜肥料比小颗粒包膜肥料有更高的肥效和养分利用率;大颗粒包膜肥料的比表面积减小,可大量节省包膜材料,降低生产成本和应用成本;大颗粒包膜肥料还具有减少土壤污染和方便使用等特点。发展大颗粒包膜肥料是解决缓/控释肥料难以推广应用问题的重要途径。     

HPMC-based granules for prolonged release of phytostrengtheners in agriculture

One of the main aims in agriculture is to guarantee soil wellness, which is a fundamental requirement to produce high-quality crops with high yields. Focused on this aim, periodical administrations of nutrients or phytostrengtheners are often necessary. The most relevant disadvantages of these administrations are the high dosage number required and the low availability of the substance within the soil. For these reasons, a crucial goal to increase the economic and environmental sustainability of the cultivation process is to reduce the dosage number, which can be obtained increasing the active substance availability in the soil. A granular hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix, produced using the wet granulation process, was used to encapsulate a phytostrengthener and to guarantee its controlled release. The granular product was characterized in terms of granules properties and phytostrengtheners leaching within the soil. The results showed good flowability and mechanical properties of the granules as well as the possibility to reduce the product leaching with the phytostrengtheners encapsulation in the HPMC matrices.     

控释掺混肥对小麦产量、氮素利用率及土壤氮平衡的影响

利用不同类型和不同氮素水平的控释掺混肥与普通复合肥进行对比试验,研究了不同施氮水平对大田小麦产量、氮素利用率和土壤氮平衡的影响。结果表明,控释掺混肥既能够显著提高小麦产量和氮素利用率,又明显减少了氮素损失量,以比常规施氮量减少20%、控氮比75%的控释掺混肥(CRF4)效果最显著,产量增加10.08%,氮素利用率提高15.23百分点,氮素损失量减少75.26 kg/hm2。     

涂布造粒技术在复合肥料厂的应用

介绍了涂布造粒技术在复合肥料增氮、涂硫和缓效化中的应用。采用该技术，可以有效提高复合肥料的产品质量，满足科学施肥的要求。     

Sulfur/sodium bentonite prills as sulfur fertilizers. 2. Effect of sulfur-sodium bentonite ratios on the availability of sulfur to pasture plants in the field

Sulfur/sodium bentonite prills containing 5–40% of sodium bentonite were evaluated in a field experiment to determine the effects of the bentonite contents on their ability to supply sulfur to pasture plants. Comparative rates of oxidation of the elemental sulfur in the fertilizers to sulfate were deduced from plant sulfate contents and phosphate-extractable sulfate in soil (0–75 mm depth) over a period of 15 months. In grass-dominant pastures plant sulfate appeared to be more sensitive than soil sulfate to differences between S fertilizers.Increasing the proportion of bentonite in the prills from 5% to 40% increased the rate at which sulfur became available for plant uptake. At least 10% bentonite content was necessary to allow a satisfactory rate of supply to plants in the first year after application. Plant sulfate concentrations were increased by the S°/bentonite treatments for the whole of the experimental period of 467 days. In contrast gypsum only increased plant sulfate levels for about 118 days. Prills containing 40% bentonite also maintained sulfate concentrations longer than did finely divided elemental S. However oxidation of S from S°/bentonite prills lagged behind elemental S powder of similar fineness due to the delay for prill disintegration and less uniform distribution of S.In a cool-temperate climate with sufficient rainfall for significant leaching of sulfate, the optimum bentonite content of S°/sodium bentonite prills as fertilizer for pasture was about 15%. 20% sodium bentonite may be more appropriate in dry cool-temperate environments, whereas in warm moist temperate environments prills containing 10% sodium bentonite may be satisfactory.     

Nitrogen fertilization of dry-seeded rice in south-east Australia

Dry-seeded rice is often fertilized by broadcasting prilled urea on the soil surface shortly before permanent flood commences. Although this method is more efficient than nitrogen application at other stages, nitrogen loss is still substantial (up to 40%). Therefore we compared the efficiency of broadcast urea prills with various forms of urea banded below the soil surface shortly before permanent flood.Banding urea prills increased plant recovery of applied¹⁵N from 37% (broadcast) to 46% (banded), while recovery with point-placed urea supergranules was even higher (49%). Plant recovery from banded urea treated with DCD (dicyandiamide) or PPD (phenylphosphorodiamidate) was not higher than from banded urea prills. Loss of applied¹⁵N averaged 25%, with no significant differences between treatments. The increased plant nitrogen recovery with banding was associated with reduced immobilization of¹⁵N in the soil, rather than reduced losses. The increase in plant nitrogen recovery was relatively small compared with total nitrogen uptake by the plants, and consequently there was no significant improvement in yield or agronomic efficiency.There are practical difficulties associated with banding before permanent flood. When the soil is too wet, unacceptable amounts of soil disturbance and plant damage occur. On the other hand, when the soil is dry and cracked, the depth of banding is no greater than the depth to which broadcast urea prills are transported by the irrigation water at the commencement of permanent flood.