预腐蚀疲劳寿命影响系数及S-N曲线研究

针对飞机结构日历寿命评定问题,对预腐蚀疲劳寿命影响系数C和疲劳S-N曲线进行研究.统计分析推导出影响系数C的一般形式,由疲劳试验数据分析结果建立预腐蚀疲劳S-N曲线方程.结果表明, 影响系数C不但与预腐蚀时间T有关,而且与应力水平S有关;在一定的预腐蚀和疲劳条件下,可以建立预腐蚀疲劳S-N曲线与一般环境下疲劳S-N曲线之间的当量关系,为腐蚀环境下飞机结构疲劳寿命分析和评定提供理论依据.     

预腐蚀对30CrMnSiNi2A连接件疲劳寿命影响的试验研究

某型飞机疲劳关键件为30CrMnSiNi2A螺钉连接件,为了进行腐蚀条件下疲劳寿命评定,考虑地面停放预腐蚀的影响,采用周期浸润加速腐蚀试验方法,进行不同预腐蚀时间后在随机谱和两种恒幅谱下的成组疲劳试验.结果表明,疲劳寿命随腐蚀时间的增加而降低;在工程常用的时间范围内,若假定疲劳寿命服从对数正态分布,对数疲劳寿命标准差与预腐蚀时间基本无关;若假设疲劳寿命服从威布尔分布,其形状参数与预腐蚀时间基本无关.并以预腐蚀影响系数C(t)反映预腐蚀对疲劳寿命的影响,研究预腐蚀对30CrMnSiNi2A连接件疲劳寿命的影响.     

某型飞机典型疲劳关键件加速腐蚀条件下 C-T曲线的测定

针对某型飞机典型疲劳结构模拟件开展加速环境谱及加速腐蚀试验技术探索性研究.根据腐蚀损伤等效原则,给出试验室加速环境下与外场使用环境下的腐蚀当量关系,对预腐蚀不同时间后的模拟件进行载荷谱疲劳试验,获得了腐蚀影响系数C随地面停放年限T的变化曲线,为确定该结构日历寿命提供依据.     

铝锂合金预腐蚀疲劳退化研究

铝锂合金是一种新型的航空用铝合金。本文基于电化学原则建立了某地的腐蚀加速环境谱,并基于加速环境谱,研究了铝锂合金预腐蚀疲劳性能。研究结果表明,低腐蚀损伤对其疲劳寿命影响不大,而高腐蚀损伤会明显缩短试件的疲劳寿命。     

基于中值寿命和特征寿命相当的腐蚀当量折算关系研究

以LY12CZ 航空铝合金材料试件为研究对象,以中值寿命N50 及特征寿命β为度量参数,通过对自然环境条件下的腐蚀试验和试验室内加速腐蚀试验数据拟合分析,以增长曲线的形式拟合得到中值寿命N50及特征寿命β随加速腐蚀时间t及自然腐蚀时间T的变化规律,得到基于中值寿命和特征寿命相当的当量折算关系.通过与相关文献的对比,证明...     

加载频率对航空铝合金腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响

提出腐蚀疲劳频率影响因子概念,建立了考虑加载频率影响的LC9铝合金腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率模型,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:腐蚀疲劳频率影响因子随加载频率的变化可以用指数形式表达,能够反映出加载频率对于腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的影响;腐蚀损伤会显著降低裂纹扩展门槛值;基于该模型得到处于稳态扩展区的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率的预测值与试验结果吻合程度良好,对于航空铝合金构件腐蚀疲劳寿命评估具有参考价值。     

疲劳寿命预腐蚀影响系数曲线通用性研究

针对腐蚀条件下飞机结构疲劳寿命评定问题，对结构在近似谱和不同恒幅应力水平下的地面停放预腐蚀影响系数(C(t))曲线的通用性进行研究。首先给出与腐蚀时间呈指数关系的C(t)曲线形式，对该关系式的合理性进行验证；分别进行加速腐蚀不同时间后结构模拟试件在近似谱下的C(t)曲线测定，以及加速腐蚀试件在不同恒幅应力水平下的C(t)曲线分析，分别对上述曲线进行统计对比分析。结果表明：近似谱和恒幅应力下的C(t)曲线参数均无显著差异，说明C(t)曲线具有通用性，从而大大减少了试验工作量。     

LD10CS腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率评价的可靠性模型

腐蚀损伤会加速疲劳载荷下的飞机铝合金结构裂纹的萌生和扩展,威胁结构安全性。针对腐蚀影响下的疲劳裂纹扩展的随机性本质,对预腐蚀LD10CS合金的预腐蚀疲劳试验进行了数据分析,提出了基于可靠性的腐蚀裂纹扩展速率表征方法,与试验结果对比表明,该方法可以给出LD10CS腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率的上下限,进而给出该种材料铝合金构件的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的上下限,为评估铝合金构件的寿命提供了依据。     

腐蚀退化加速因子模型与分析

加速腐蚀试验是加速退化试验的特例,为了确定腐蚀退化加速因子,以预测材料/结构在服役环境下的使用寿命,提出加速腐蚀试验相关性要求必须满足的4个条件:不同环境下的腐蚀特征量分布特性不变、某些重要分布参数不变、腐蚀动力学规律相同及ACF(acceleration corrosion factor)为定值。明确腐蚀退化加速因子的定义,并结合腐蚀特征量5种典型的分布特性,建立腐蚀退化加速因子的表达式以及相关性要求。针对材料学科常采用的平均腐蚀率对比方法,提出平均腐蚀率的描述形式,最后结合LY12CZ铝合金材料的腐蚀试验,给出确定腐蚀退化加速因子的一个典型算例。     

LY12CZ铝合金单轴腐蚀疲劳寿命评估的损伤模型

基于损伤力学基本理论,建立了LY12CZ铝合金试件的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型,并利用LY12CZ铝合金进行腐蚀疲劳的验证性试验。结果表明,利用损伤力学基本理论建立的模型所得到的预腐蚀LY12CZ铝合金试件腐蚀的疲劳寿命预测结果与腐蚀疲劳试验结果吻合程度良好,尤其对于应力水平较高的低周疲劳结果预测更为准确。这说明基于损伤力学的铝合金预腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型合理有效,对LY12CZ铝合金构件的损伤容限评估具有参考价值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.