方管钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能和强度研究

钢管钢筋混凝土(STRC)柱是一种由薄壁钢管构成横向约束作用的普通钢筋混凝土柱。对23个方管混凝土短柱进行了循环或者单向轴压试验,并提出计算该类柱轴向承载强度的公式。此外,还对5个梁柱组合结构进行了轴向压力和水平循环荷载作用下的试验分析。试验结果表明,与普通钢筋混凝土柱相比,方形钢管柱具有更高的挠屈强度、位移延性和耗能能力。并同时提出了用于分析STRC梁-柱的纤维模型。     

型钢高强混凝土框架柱抗震性能试验研究

基于16个型钢高强混凝土(SRHSC)框架柱试件的低周反复加载试验,对其抗震性能进行了研究。试件设计参数为剪跨比、轴压比、混凝土强度、含钢率和配箍率。对不同设计参数试件的受力特点、破坏形态、滞回性能、骨架曲线、耗能能力、位移延性等主要抗震性能指标进行了分析,得到了试件耗能指标、位移延性与诸设计参数之间的关系曲线。试验结果表明：试件荷载-位移滞回曲线饱满,下降段较为平缓,其他各项抗震性能指标较为优异,总体上表现出良好的抗震性能;混凝土强度等级超过C100的SRHSC框架柱的承载力优势明显,但由于高强混凝土的脆性导致其耗能能力及延性较普通型钢混凝土框架柱稍差;试件剪跨比、含钢率以及配箍率的提高能够增强其抗震性能,而混凝土强度、轴压比的提高将降低其抗震性能。     

钢管/GFRP管约束再生混凝土柱偏心受压试验

以再生粗骨料取代率和膨胀剂掺量为参数,完成了4个钢管约束和4个玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP）约束再生混凝土柱试件的偏心受压试验,对钢管约束和GFRP管约束再生混凝土试件的极限荷载和轴向变形进行了对比分析,并对试件的极限荷载试验值与计算值进行了对比。结果表明:100%再生粗骨料取代率再生混凝土试件的极限荷载比普通混凝土试件低,混凝土强度相同时,GFRP管约束再生混凝土试件偏心受压极限荷载比钢管约束试件低;膨胀剂可以提高钢管和GFRP管约束试件的偏心受压极限荷载,并且对GFRP管约束试件作用更为显著;GFRP管约束试件的变形能力比钢管约束试件大,100%再生粗骨料取代率再生混凝土试件的变形能力比普通混凝土试件大。     

低周反复荷载下型钢高强混凝土柱受力性能试验研究

通过20个混凝土强度为65.3～84.9MPa的型钢高强混凝土柱的低周反复加载试验,研究型钢高强混凝土柱在压、弯、剪共同作用下的破坏形态和抗震性能。试验中考虑剪跨比、轴压比、配箍率、混凝土强度4个参数的影响,由试验获得型钢高强混凝土柱的主要破坏形态和滞回曲线,分析各参数对构件延性、滞回特性、耗能性能以及承载力衰减的影响。结果表明,与型钢普通强度混凝土柱一样,在压、弯和反复剪力共同作用下,型钢高强混凝土柱的破坏形态主要为弯曲型破坏、剪切黏结破坏、剪切斜压破坏,破坏形态主要与剪跨比有关;箍筋能显著提高大剪跨比试件的延性和耗能能力,但对小剪跨比试件的延性与耗能性能改善有限;随着轴压比与混凝土强度的提高,试件的承载力衰减速度加快,后期变形能力减小,抗震性能越来越差;与钢筋混凝土柱相比,型钢高强混凝土柱的等效阻尼比远大于前者,耗能能力强,抗震性能好;提出型钢高强混凝土柱位移延性系数的计算公式,公式的计算结果与试验结果符合较好,可供工程设计应用参考。     

型钢超高强混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究型钢超高强混凝土柱的抗震性能,开展了27根型钢超高强混凝土柱试件的低周反复加载试验。试件设计参数为剪跨比、轴压力水平、配箍、型钢和栓钉配置情况。针对不同设计参数的试件的破坏特征、滞回曲线、水平承载力、耗能能力及变形能力、承载力及刚度退化等进行了分析,得到了各设计参数的影响规律。试验结果表明：型钢超高强混凝土柱的滞回曲线饱满且较稳定;剪跨比较大、轴压比较低、箍筋有效约束指标较大、配置H型或十字型钢的试件具有更好的抗震性能;型钢在箍筋约束效果较好时,能更充分地发挥提高柱抗震性能的作用;通过配置高强度八边形复合箍筋,能有效避免型钢超高强混凝土短柱发生脆性剪切破坏,使得其最终破坏形态为弯曲破坏,从而改善其抗震性能;配置栓钉能提高柱的抗震性能,且当柱的变形能力较强时效果更明显;试验轴压比为0.38或0.45的试件仍具有较强的耗能能力和变形能力,即型钢超高强混凝土柱具有较好的抗震性能。     

型钢高强混凝土柱轴压比限值分析

轴压比是影响柱抗震性能的一个主要因素,随着轴压比的增大,柱的抗震性能越来越差。从型钢混凝土柱正截面大、小偏心界限破坏时力的平衡条件出发,推导了型钢高强混凝土柱发生延性破坏的轴压力限值,并提出了其在不同抗震等级下轴压比限值,该限值可为型钢高强混凝土柱的抗震设计提供参考依据。     

Analytical compressive stress–strain model for concrete confined with high‐strength multiple‐tied‐spiral transverse reinforcement

The behavior of reinforced concrete members subjected to seismic loads is mainly based on the ultimate strength of concrete and its ductility. Based on this, an additional configuration of transverse reinforcement using high‐strength multiple‐tied‐spiral was proposed to improve the strength and ductility of concrete. In this paper, an experimental study of a number of axial loading tests on reinforced concrete columns confined with high‐strength multiple‐tied‐spiral transverse reinforcement is described. The effects of spacing of circular spiral and rectangular hoop, the confined area of circular spiral and concrete strength on axial behavior of confined concrete were investigated. The formulas of confined compressive strength and corresponding axial strain, factor to control the slope of descending branch, and stress in high‐strength circular spiral at confined strength are proposed based on the test results. A stress–strain model is also proposed that is found to give reasonably good prediction of the experimental behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns confined by high‐strength multiple‐tied‐spiral transverse reinforcement.     

Seismic behavior and strength of square tube confined reinforced-concrete (STRC) columns

A steel tube confined reinforced-concrete (STRC) column is an ordinary RC column where most of the lateral ties are in the form of a thin steel tube. Twenty-three square tube confined concrete stub columns were tested in this paper under cyclic or monotonic axial compression. A design equation to calculate the axial load strength of square tube confined concrete stub columns is proposed in this paper. A total of five beam-columns have been studied under combined axial compression and lateral cyclic loads. The test results indicate that the columns confined with square steel tubes exhibit much higher flexural strength, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation ability than common RC columns confined with lateral ties. Fiber models were also developed for STRC beam-columns in this paper.     

HRB600级钢筋高强混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究HRB600级钢筋高强混凝土柱的抗震性能,进行9根截面尺寸为600mm×600mm的高强混凝土柱在工程实际轴压比条件下的低周反复荷载试验,主要设计变化参数为钢筋等级、箍筋间距、混凝土强度和轴压比。对比分析各试件的破坏形态、滞回性能、承载力、延性、刚度退化和耗能能力,基于试验建立HRB600级钢筋高强混凝土柱的恢复力模型。结果表明：各试件的破坏形态相似,均为延性弯曲破坏,柱底出现塑性铰,纵筋屈曲,混凝土保护层脱落;HRB600级钢筋高强混凝土柱不仅具有较好的滞回性能以及变形与耗能能力,且震后可恢复性能相对较好;高强混凝土柱设计中,HRB600级钢筋与C80混凝土匹配应用效果较优;合理配置箍筋,可使HRB600级钢筋高强混凝土柱在高轴压比条件下的延性系数大于4.0;文章基于足尺构件试验建立的恢复力模型,以期可为相关工程结构抗震弹塑性分析提供参考。     

十字形截面钢-混凝土组合异形柱的抗震性能

为研究十字形截面钢-混凝土组合异形柱的抗震性能,对5个不同轴压比、配钢形式的试件进行低周反复加载试验。研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性性能、刚度退化、耗能性能等抗震性能,对比分析了轴压比和配钢形式对抗震性能的影响。结果表明,轴压比较大的试件具有更高的承载能力,但延性降低、刚度退化速率加快;与普通钢筋混凝土异形柱相比,在异形柱内配置型钢可改善滞回性能、增强刚度、延性性能、承载能力和耗能性能,减轻破坏程度,从而提高抗震性能。配钢形式为T形钢加方钢管的试件除刚度退化外,其他性能均优于实腹型配钢试件。     

Effect of axial load and transverse reinforcements on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns

The aim of this research is to assess the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns under different axial load and transverse reinforcement ratios. These two parameters are very important as for the ductility, strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity for a given reinforced concrete column. Effects of variable axial load ratio and transverse reinforcement ratio on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns are thoroughly analyzed. The finite element computer program Seismo-Structure was used to perform the analysis of series of reinforced concrete columns tested by the second author and other researchers. In order to reflect the reality and grasp the actual behavior of the specimens, special attention was paid to select the models for concrete, confined concrete, and steel components. Good agreements were obtained between the experimental and the analytical results either for the lateral force-drift relationships or for the damage progress prediction at different stages of the loading.     

Length of critical region for confinement steel in limited ductility high-strength reinforced concrete columns

The length of the critical region is one of the essential parameters in designing earthquake resistant structures where adequate transverse steel needs to be provided to confine the concrete core and subsequently to avert brittle failure under large inelastic deformation/curvature. In countries having high seismic risk such as China, Japan, New Zealand, USA etc.; guidelines have been provided in their reinforced concrete (RC) design codes for the design of fully ductile RC columns/piers. Nevertheless, in countries having low to moderate seismic risks, RC columns/piers can be designed for limited ductility, the design guidelines for which are very scarce. From the experimental tests carried out by the authors on limited ductility high-strength RC columns, it was found that this type of column/pier can be confined effectively with less confinement steel over a shorter extent of critical region compared with the existing code provisions for ductile columns/piers. In this paper, the length of the critical region in which the properly enhanced amount of confinement steel should be installed is investigated by two methods, which are denoted as direct methods in this paper. The evaluated critical region lengths have also been compared with those obtained by other researchers and the New Zealand Code.     

Using XFEM to model the effect of different axial compression on the hysteretic behaviour of the flexure‐dominant RC columns

The axial compression ratio has a significant effect on the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to seismic loads. However, limited numerical models have been found to be able to consider the effect of axial compression ratio in mesoscopic scale. To achieve a sound understanding of the hysteretic mechanism of RC columns with different axial compression ratios, a novel modelling method was developed by employing the following techniques: (a) the extended finite element method for modelling crack initiating and propagating in concrete; (b) the contact algorithm for modelling the crack closure; and (c) the Cartesian type “connector” for modelling the interaction between concrete and steel bars. The effectiveness of the proposed model was validated in macroscopic scale by the results of a previous experimental study. Further analysis indicates that the axial compression ratio controls the axial deformations of RC columns, thus leads to different performances of concrete and steel under seismic loads. Based on the individual flexural contributions of the concrete and the steel bars, the effect of the axial compression ratio and the pinching effect is explained in a finer scale. The analytical results shed some light on the seismic mechanism of RC columns with different axial compression ratios.     

方钢管钢筋混凝土短柱与方钢管钢骨混凝土短柱的滞回性能分析及设计

方钢管钢筋混凝土短柱与方钢管钢骨混凝土短柱(STRC与STSRC)是将纵向钢筋置于冷弯薄壁钢管中。在这项研究中,对6根STRC和STSRC短柱进行固定轴压力下和往复侧向压力下的试验研究,分析两种构件的抗震性能。主要参数为轴压比和纵筋的配筋率。建立三维非线性有限元模型,模拟试件的性能和强度。基于试验和数值模拟结果,提出计算STRC和STSRC短柱剪切强度的设计公式。     

CFRP-钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能

对8根碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）短柱和4根CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）短柱进行了轴压试验,分析了CFRP约束效应系数、钢管截面形式以及钢管受力性能对CFRP-圆/方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-C/STCSRC）轴压短柱力学性能的影响。结果表明:CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力提高率随着约束效应系数的增加呈指数形式增长;在柱核心混凝土截面面积相同时,CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力比CFRP-方钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-STCSRC）轴压短柱的极限承载力高50%以上;在弹性工作阶段,CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土（C-CTSRC）柱的弹性模量高于CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的弹性模量;CFRP-圆钢复合管约束型钢高强混凝土（C-CTCSRC）柱的极限承载力高于CFRP约束圆钢管型钢高强混凝土柱的极限承载力;CFRP与钢管黏结良好时,CFRP与钢管能够协同工作。     

新型型钢混凝土柱的数值模拟及轴压比限值研究

Ⅰ形和H形等传统配钢形式不能对核心混凝土提供足够约束,型钢混凝土(SRC)柱的抗震性能因此较普通钢筋混凝土柱提高不多,其在高地震烈度区的应用受到限制,作者在此背景下提出两种新型截面型钢混凝土柱。基于ABAQUS工作平台,建立已完成的5个新型柱试验试件的数值分析模型,对其进行循环往复荷载作用下的全过程分析,并将试件的数值计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析,讨论滞回曲线、骨架曲线和型钢应力状态等的对比结果,模拟计算与试验结果吻合较好。在此基础上,分析轴压比、混凝土强度和箍筋间距对柱抗震性能的影响,并研究新型柱在不同抗震等级下的设计轴压比限值,所提建议数值可供规范修订和工程计算参考。     

新型截面型钢混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

提出配置扩大十字型钢和45°布置十字型钢两种截面形式的新型型钢混凝土柱,通过4个新型与1个普通型钢混凝土柱的低周反复荷载试验,研究新型截面型钢混凝土柱在较高轴压比下的破坏特征、滞回和骨架特性,并分析配钢形式和轴压比对柱抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明：新型截面型钢混凝土柱在压、弯、剪共同作用下均发生了弯曲破坏,在加载后期,即使纵筋外鼓屈服以及型钢翼缘局部屈曲,柱的竖向承载力仍较为稳定;新型截面型钢混凝土柱试件滞回曲线饱满,无捏缩现象,等效黏滞阻尼系数均达到0.45以上,并且截面配钢率相差不大的情况下,其变形和耗能能力明显大于普通型钢混凝土柱;新型截面型钢混凝土柱在高轴力下的承载能力和变形性能良好,其轴压比限值可比规范规定有所提高。     

高强螺旋箍筋约束混凝土柱连接抗震性能试验研究与理论分析

对于采用高强螺旋箍筋约束混凝土柱的装配整体式框架结构,提出了一种新的柱-柱连接方式,即在局部外包钢管设置横穿栓筋进行连接。制作足尺装配整体式柱和整浇柱试件,对其进行低周反复加载拟静力试验。通过观测试件的受力、变形、破坏过程及破坏形态,分析其承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力,验证了新型连接的可靠性。结果表明：在高轴压比下,采用新型连接的高强螺旋箍筋约束混凝土装配整体式柱与相应整浇柱均具有良好抗震性能,可以替代整浇柱应用于高烈度地震设防区的建筑结构中。结合试验,对新型连接的受力机制进行理论分析,提出了连接屈服荷载和破坏荷载的计算式,并通过计算结果与试验结果的比较,验证了理论公式的正确性。     

塑性铰区碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱抗震性能的试验研究

对6根剪跨比为3.5的碳纤维约束柱及2根未约束的对比柱进行了伪静力试验研究,考察了轴压比、碳纤维包裹方式、混凝土强度等参数对碳纤维约束高强混凝土圆柱破坏机理及抗震性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,高轴压比下高强混凝土圆柱在塑性铰区采用碳纤维约束后的破坏形态主要表现为弯曲破坏模式,柱的承载力和延性得到较大提高;对于剪跨比大于3的高强混凝土圆柱,当塑性铰区碳纤维布包裹长度为1.2D~1.8D(D为柱直径)范围内时,其抗震性能即可达到较好的效果,且对较高强度等级混凝土的约束效果更好。     

分散式钢棒混凝土柱抗震性能对比试验研究

钢骨混凝土柱具有良好的抗震性能,但其在高层建筑结构中施工复杂,为此,基于核心区钢骨含钢量相同的原则提出了新型分散式钢棒混凝土柱。为研究分散式钢棒混凝土柱的抗震性能,对2组各3个不同核心材料钢骨混凝土柱在指定试验轴压比下进行了水平低周反复荷载试验。通过试验得到的荷载-位移曲线,对比分析了不同核心材料的钢骨混凝土柱耗能和骨架曲线的差异。初步试验结果表明分散式钢棒核心钢骨混凝土柱的抗震性能良好。