基于Retinex理论的压缩域图像增强方法研究

针对现有压缩域图像增强算法在提高图像对比度时,存在不能很好地增强图像细节及保持色彩信息的局限性,提出一种新的基于Retinex理论的DCT压缩域图像增强算法.该算法以Retinex理论为基础,将DCT系数分为入射分量(DC系数)和反射分量(AC系数),通过对DC系数进行动态范围调整,对AC系数进行细节增强调整,并使用阈...     

基于HVS和量化的自适应盲水印算法

提出了一种基于HVS和量化的自适应盲水印算法,基于HVS的视觉模型使用亮度掩蔽系数,纹理掩蔽系数,频率掩蔽系数来自适应地调整水印的嵌入强度。算法选择在DCT域,通过用JPEG量化表量化DCT系数,比较量化后的DC系数|DC|与选定的量化后的AC系数|AC|之间的关系来嵌入和提取水印,并实现了水印的盲检测。由于DCT系数基于JPEG量化表来量化,对JPEG压缩具有很好的抵抗能力,对叠加噪声、模糊等常规的图像操作也具有很好的鲁棒性。实验结果证明,该算法是一种行之有效的方法。     

基于DCT压缩的JPEG图像检索算法

提出一种JPEG图像检索算法,将熵解码后的DC系数差本地二值化,提取DC差向量来体现原始图像中像素的灰度分布。考虑到每个DCT块中的AC系数对图像内容的表征能力,针对每个DCT块选择前9个最大的AC系数,构造AC系数特征向量用于检索。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的检索效果。     

与JPEG压缩相结合的图像加密算法

基于混沌映射,提出一种与JPEG压缩相结合的图像加密算法。将像素点的RGB分量以8×8的子块为单位在行列方向上进行位置置乱,实现颜色分量重组,再进行JPEG压缩;完成DCT系数量化后,分别对DC系数和AC系数进行位置置乱,再对DCT系数的符号位进行随机修改,整个加密过程由混沌系统控制。理论分析和仿真实验证明,该算法加密效果好,密钥空间大、敏感性强,同时加密操作对压缩算法影响很小,加密后的图像仍然具有很高的压缩比。     

一种新的JPEG图像无参考客观质量评价方法

Parsval’s原理指出,图像压缩前、后像素值的均方误差值等同与图像压缩前、后DCT系数的均方误差值,根据这一思想设计了JPEG图像无参考客观质量评价算法。假设图像的DCT系数是Laplacian分布,首先根据JPEG图像的DCT系数估计出图像压缩前的DCT系数分布参数,并由此估算出图像压缩前、后DCT系数的均方误差值。实验结果表明,该方法所用指标能准确地描述JPEG图像的质量且与空间域均方误差指标相符。     

基于DCT系数的JPEG图像检索算法

针对JPEG压缩标准中直流(DC)系数和交流(AC)系数表征图像内容信息的不同,提出一种基于离散余弦变换(DCT)系数空间分布的检索算法。构造具有旋转不变性的DC系数差向量描述图像特征,根据DCT块中AC系数量化后的特点,提取AC系数分布熵表征图像内容,设置权值函数避免由于AC系数分布熵相同、空间分布不同造成的误检和漏检情况。实验结果表明,该算法不需要完全解压缩、计算复杂度低,能较好体现图像的内容分布。     

DCT域水印嵌入新策略和算法

本文提出一种新的水印嵌入策略，将水印信号嵌入到原始图像块DCT域的AC分量和DC分量中。基于该策略提出了一个自适应图像水印算法。该算法先把原始图像和水印图像分别进行分块DCT，然后将水印信号的AC分量和DC分量以不同的能量分别嵌入到原始图像块DCT域的AC分量和DC分量中。实验结果表明，该算法具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于DCT变换的盲水印算法

该文提出一种基于DCT变换的盲水印算法。将水印信息按随机产生的0或1嵌入块DCT系数中的DC或AC分量中。该算法思想简单,步骤简便、容易实现。实验结果表明,该算法对嵌入的水印具有很好的透明性,对JPEG压缩具有很好的鲁棒性,同时对滤波和加噪等处理具有很好的易碎性。     

基于DC和AC分量的二维数字水印算法

提出一种新的二维数字水印算法,该算法先把原始图像分块DCT,再对水印图像分块DCT,取每一图像块的直流系数和前12个DCT低频交流系数,分别构成水印信号的直流分量和交流分量。利用能量比确定各个子块的直流拉伸因子和交流拉伸因子。水印信号的直、交流分量以不同的能量分别嵌入到原始图像块DCT域的DC分量和AC分量中。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的不可见性和稳健性。     

基于DC和AC分量的二维数字水印算法

提出一种新的二维数字水印算法,该算法先把原始图像分块DCT,再对水印图像分块DCT,取每一图像块的直流系数和前 12个DCT低频交流系数,分别构成水印信号的直流分量和交流分量.利用能量比确定各个子块的直流拉伸因子和交流拉伸因子.水印信号的直、交流分量以不同的能量分别嵌入到原始图像块DCT域的DC分量和AC分量中.实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的不可见性和稳健性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.