Mechanical,Structural and Microstructural Properties of CFB Desulfurization Slag and Silico-Manganese Slag Based-Geopolymer Pastes

Silicon - Circulating fluidized bed desulfurization slag (CDS) and silico-manganese slag (SiMnS) are two kinds of industrial solid wastes. They both have rich Al2O3 and SiO2. In this paper, the...     

Structure,Mechanisms of Reaction,and Strength of an Alkali‐Activated Blast‐Furnace Slag

This research examines the chemical activation of blast‐furnace slag pastes with alkaline solutions by means of various characterization techniques. Pastes were activated using sodium silicate solutions with modulus (Ms) of 0, 1, 1.5, 2, and Na₂O at 5%, 10%, and 15%. Compressive strengths of up to 108 MPa were achieved for Ms = 1–1.5 after 720 d of curing at 20°C. The addition of Na₂O > 10% resulted in the formation of hydrotalcite and carbonated pastes with low compressive strength. X‐ray diffraction, microanalysis of outer products (OP), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results showed that the main reaction products in the activated cements with Ms = 1 and 5%Na₂O had an average ratio Ca/Si = 0.71–0.9 and consisted of a mixture of two kinds of C–S–H; one similar to a 9 Å tobermorite‐type calcium silicate hydrate (Ca₅Si₆O₁₆(OH)₂ and other amorphous related to a cross‐linked structure of C–N–(A)–S–H gel. Both were intermixed with hydrotalcite and cross‐linked structures of silica gel.     

碱激发矿渣基地质聚合物微观结构与性能研究

以矿渣为原料制备矿渣基地质聚合物,重点研究了不同SiO2/Al2O3比对矿渣聚合物性能及微观结构的影响.选取4.5,4.8,5.1,5.4四个SiO2/Al2O3比制备矿渣基地质聚合物,通过XRF、XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR等手段表征发现,SiO2/Al2O3比为5.1时,碱激发矿渣基地质聚合物具有较高强度,在3 d、7 d、28 d时强度高达97.86 MPa、97.54 MPa和114.91 MPa,其主要产物是水化硅铝酸钙(钠)(N,C-A-S-H)和水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)的混合物.     

Synthesis,Structural and Biomedical Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Nanocomposites

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In this work, a borosilicate glass sample (5SiO2–45B2O3–20Na2O–25CaO–5Ag2O) was added to nano-sized...     

碳酸钠焙烧铝系钒铁炉渣共提取钒与铝

通过对铝系钒铁炉渣碳酸钠焙烧-水浸全过程的矿物分析、热力学计算及对比实验,研究了炉渣中钒、铝同步转化、溶出的机理与规律. 结果显示,焙烧进程中渣中镁铝尖晶石MgO×Al2O3相、CaO×2Al2O3相逐渐消失,MgO相生成,并生成碱熔相Na2O×Al2O3和钒酸盐. 随焙烧温度及时间增加,Na2O×Al2O3和钒酸盐相明显增多,钒、铝溶出率增加. 焙烧熟料经水浸后,液相呈碱性,钒、铝分别以可溶性钒酸钠和铝酸钠的形式进入水相,固相残留物为少量未反应的镁铝尖晶石及新生成的MgO和Ca(OH)2. 在磨矿粒度<75 mm、配碱系数1.0、焙烧温度1000℃及焙烧时间4 h的优化条件下,钒的溶出率可达90%,铝的溶出率可达75%.     

Composition,structure, and morphology of nanostructured aluminosilicates

The data on synthesizing nanosized potassium aluminosilicates (PAS) with a ratio of Si/Al of 1–5 obtained in the KOH–Al₂(SO₄)₃ · 18H₂O–SiO₂ · nH₂O–H₂O multicomponent system have been presented. Their composition, morphology, and IR and NMR spectra have been studied.     

添加剂对中钛炉渣性能的影响

以河北钢铁集团承德钢铁集团有限公司现场高炉渣为基准,用化学纯试剂配制渣样,考察了添加剂对中钛炉渣粘度、熔化性温度的影响. 结果表明,炉渣碱度为1.12, CaF2含量为0.5%~2%, Fe2O3含量约为5%, Al2O3含量约为13.75%, MgO含量约为13.95%, MnO含量约为5%(w)时,有利于降低炉渣粘度和熔化性温度;添加Ce2O3使炉渣熔化性温度和粘度升高,不利于生产.     

Al2O3-C材料中Ti(C,N)的形成及其抗气化炉渣侵蚀性能研究

水煤浆气化炉内衬材料的无铬化势在必行.基于碳氮化钛对高炉渣的增稠机理,本工作在前期开发水煤浆气化炉用Al2O3-C无铬化内衬材料的基础上,拟通过在Al2O3-C材料中引入一定量的TiO2,使之在高温下材料内原位反应形成碳氮化钛相,提高材料的抗气化炉渣侵蚀性能.结果表明:当Al2O3-C材料引入适量的TiO2时,可以发现在烧成过程中材料中原位形成了Ti(C,N)相,优化材料的孔结构;当材料与渣发生反应时,提高了在侵蚀过程中渣的粘度,改善材料的抗侵蚀性能.当材料中引入的过量的TiO2,TiO2易与气化炉渣发生反应,降低渣的粘度,从而降低材料的抗侵蚀性能.     

Phase Equilibria in Water-Salt Systems Consisting of Potassium,Sodium, and Ammonium Carbonates and Anti-Icing Properties of Carbonate Compositions

Phase equilibria in K₂CO₃–H₂O, Na₂CO₃–H₂O, K₂CO₃–Na₂CO₃–H₂O, K₂CO₃–(NH₄)₂CO₃–H₂O systems under temperatures ranging from 0 down to ?36°C are investigated. The carbonate compositions forming low-temperature eutectics are revealed. Their melting ability with respect to ice under temperatures ?5 and ?10°C is determined. It was found that potassium carbonate is characterized by sufficient anti-icing properties. Potassium carbonate composition activity is determined with respect to metals. Efficient corrosion inhibiters are selected. It was found that potassium carbonate is aggressive with respect to cement concrete. Special protection is necessary, if potassium carbonate is used on cement concrete coatings.     

高温铜渣催化木屑水蒸气气化的实验研究

利用高温铜渣的显热作为外热源,进行铜渣催化木屑水蒸气气化的实验研究,通过XRD分析催化反应前后铜渣的物相组成,结合催化气化后产气特性分析,推断铜渣的催化活性组分,测定气化反应前后铜渣的温度,计算铜渣的显热量和余热利用率. 结果表明,催化气化后铜渣出现Fe2O3特征峰,煅烧渣的Fe2O3和Fe3O4特征峰减少且强度减弱. 催化后H2含量明显增加,CH4和C2H4含量明显降低. 由此推断铜渣的催化活性组分为Fe2O3和Fe3O4,其含量越高,铜渣催化效果越好. 气化温度(720~950℃)范围内铜渣温度降低130~240℃,可回收利用的显热量为151.89~237.48 kJ/kg,余热利用率达18.49%~22.63%.     

Role of Oxygen Potential and Oxygen Ions on Phosphorus Removal from Silicon via Addition of FeO into Slag

In present work, the role of the oxygen potential (P_O2) and oxygen ion (O²⁻) concentration for removing phosphorus (P) during CaO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃–Fe_xO slag refining was studied by on-line measurement of oxygen activity in molten silicon (Si), FactSage calculation, Raman spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results show that the addition of FeO from 0 to 9.25 wt% in slag can increase the activity of dissolved oxygen (a_[O]) in Si and the mole fraction of O²⁻ in slag. Moreover, the increase of O²⁻ concentration leads to the increase of non-bridge oxygen (NBO). The value of L_P (the partition ratio of phosphorous between slag and Si shows a first increase and then decrease trend and reaches a maximum value of 1.95 at 5 ± 0.1 wt% FeO. It is believed that the increase of a_[O] and NBO can promote the removal of P as FeO content is less than 5 ± 0.1 wt%. the chain structure unit (Q²) of silicate network as the main intermediate structure to capture PO₄³⁻ from the charge compensation of P₂O₅ by O²⁻ to form the sheet structure unit Q³(Si and P). When FeO content is increased to more than 5 ± 0.1 wt%, L_P value gradually decreases although the values of NBO and a_[O] are increasing. NBO plays a leading role in this process, it can be speculated that more NBO can depolymerize the Q³ (Si and P) to destroy the stability of P in silicate network. As a result, a mount of PO₄³⁻ is present at the interface to prevent the oxidation of phosphorous, which leads to the decrease of L_P value.

     

Cr2 O3、TiO2对高炉渣制备微晶玻璃晶化方式的影响

以包钢高炉渣为主要原料,采用熔融法制备CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3系微晶玻璃,主要通过差热分析方法,并借助于Augis-Bennett方程和Ozawa方程研究了分别添加2%Cr2O3和8%TiO2作晶核剂时基础玻璃的晶化方式.研究结果表明:添加2%Cr2O3作晶核剂时,晶体生长指数均可实现大于3,晶化方式为整体晶化;而添加8%TiO2作晶核剂时,晶体生长指数均不可能大于3,晶化方式为表面晶化.因此,Cr2O3是高炉渣制备透辉石类微晶玻璃适宜的晶核剂成分,可单独用作晶核剂,而TiO2无法使基础玻璃整体晶化,不能单独用作晶核剂.研究结果为利用高炉渣成功研制开发透辉石类微晶玻璃在晶核剂种类选择确定方面提供了理论指导.     

不锈钢渣理化性质分析与应用研究

借助于XRD、SEM和DSC/TG等测试分析手段进行不锈钢渣理化性质分析与表征.结果表明:不锈钢渣化学成分主要是SiO2和CaO,其次是MgO、Al2O3及Fe2O3;矿物组成包括硅酸三钙(Ca3SiO5)、硅酸二钙(Ca2SiO4)、硅钙石(Ca3Si2O7)、硅酸钙(CaSiO3)及RO相;微观结构由许多尺寸大小不等的颗粒组成,孔隙大、结构疏松;内外照射指数IRa和Iγ均小于1.0,符合GB 6566-2010标准;当不锈钢渣质量百分比掺量为30%时,28 d抗压强度基本达到P· C32.5复合硅酸盐水泥标准,且7 d活性指数显著高于28 d活性指数.并依据研究结果分析不锈钢渣在水泥、混凝土及建筑材料领域资源化利用的可行性.     

氧化锆-钼金属陶瓷抗钢液及熔渣侵蚀性能

选择纯单斜氧化锆(m-ZrO2)、含3%(mol) Y2O3部分稳定氧化锆(3Y-PSZ)和含12%(mol) CeO2部分稳定氧化锆(12Ce-PSZ),添加30%(j)金属Mo,采用粉末冶金方法制备了相对密度大于95%的致密金属陶瓷试样,将金属陶瓷于1600℃下在IF钢液和Al2O3-CaO-MgO预熔渣中静态侵蚀4 h. 结果表明,金属陶瓷在不同介质中的侵蚀行为与陶瓷基体相关,纯m-ZrO2基体金属陶瓷抗钢液侵蚀性能较好,3Y-PSZ基体金属陶瓷抗熔渣侵蚀性能较好. 钢液对金属陶瓷的侵蚀主要是形成铁钼金属间化合物,熔渣的侵蚀主要是陶瓷基体与渣中CaO反应生成CaZrO3.     

改质剂对LATS精炼钢包渣粘度的影响

为减少LATS合金化精炼钢包浸渍罩粘渣,研究了LATS精炼前后钢包渣粘度的变化,并分别用CaO+CaF2, CaO+B2O3及Li2O作为钢包渣的改质剂来降低渣粘度. 采用旋转柱体法的粘度测试结果表明,LATS合金化精炼钢包渣的粘度高及LATS处理后渣的粘度进一步升高是造成浸渍罩粘渣的主要原因之一. 实验所用3种改质剂均能有效降低钢包渣的粘度. 在1500℃无改质剂时LATS处理后钢包渣粘度为6 Pa×s,当加入10% CaO+CaF2后渣粘度低于3 Pa×s,而加入10% CaO+B2O3或加入4% Li2O都可使渣粘度低于2 Pa×s.     

Study of the Composition,Structure, and Sorption Properties of Nanostructured Aluminosilicates

Sorption properties of synthetic nanostructured potassium aluminosilicates with Si/Al ratios from 1 to 5 fabricated in a multicomponent system KOH–Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O–SiO₂·nH₂O–H₂O under static sorption conditions at various temperatures and nitrate salt background have been investigated; the activation energy of cesium ions sorption has been evaluated.     

Porous,Sintered Glass‐Ceramics from Inorganic Polymers Based on Fayalite Slag

The present paper deals with the synthesis of porous, sintered glass‐ceramics obtained at temperatures below 1150°C, originating from inorganic polymers based on fayalite slag. Firing led to the evaporation of water, dehydroxylation, and oxidation of Fe²⁺ above 345°C. For heating >700°C, the Si–O stretching band shifted from the 1160 and 750 cm^?1 to the 1255 and 830 cm^?1 region, due to a structural reorganization of the amorphous phase, whereas Fe–O bands appeared at 550 cm^?1. The final microstructure consisted predominantly of an amorphous phase, hematite, and franklinite. The open porosity and compressive strength decreased and increased, respectively, as the firing temperature increased. The final values suggest properties comparable to that of structural lightweight concrete, still, the materials synthesized herein, are lighter, and made primarily from secondary resources.     

钒渣钙化焙烧参数对钒浸出率的影响

在分析钒渣(V2O3 8.07%)钙化焙烧过程反应机理的基础上,采用钙化焙烧-酸浸法研究了钙化焙烧过程中CaO/V2O3(质量比)、焙烧温度、焙烧时间对钒浸出率的影响. 结果表明,焙烧温度在600~900℃之间时,V2O5等钒氧化物可与CaO发生反应,形成以CaV2O6, Ca3V2O8, CaV3O7为主的钒酸钙. 当CaO/V2O3由0.48提高到约1.125时,钒浸出率由55.3%提高到69.2%,当CaO/V2O3>1.125时,钒浸出率开始下降. 焙烧温度由750℃提高到825℃时,钒浸出率由56.3%提高到69.7%,温度进一步升高,物料开始烧结,浸出率逐渐下降. 随焙烧时间延长,钒浸出率逐渐提高,2 h后达最大;时间继续增加,钒浸出率会因物料间发生二次反应而下降.     

RH精炼渣高熔点相作用浓度对粘渣的影响

为抑制RH精炼过程中熔渣中高熔点镁铝尖晶石和铁铝尖晶石相的析出以减轻浸渍管粘渣,基于分子离子共存理论,建立了CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-FeO-CaF2-MnO七元精炼渣系结构单元作用浓度的计算模型,计算了高熔点相的作用浓度,分析了熔渣组成对高熔点相作用浓度的影响. 结果表明,当RH精炼渣的碱度(CaO/SiO2, w)在4.0~5.0, CaO/Al2O3(w) 为1.5~2.0, MgO含量约10%(w), FeO含量约17%(w), CaF2含量不高于7.5%(w)时,精炼渣中MgO×Al2O3和FeO×Al2O3的作用浓度处于较低水平,不足以结晶析出,因而可以减轻RH浸渍管的粘渣. 模型计算结果与实验结果一致,为减轻粘渣用改质剂配方的设计提供了理论依据.     

高炉低钛渣粘度和熔化性能

使用RTW-10型熔体物性综合测定仪,测定CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2渣系粘度随温度的变化,并计算其熔化性温度,研究渣系高温冶金性能. 结果表明,渣中TiO2含量由1.0%升高至2.2%时,炉渣的熔化性温度和粘度均降低;随渣中Al2O3含量的提高,炉渣的熔化性温度上升,炉渣粘度增大;在高温区,炉渣粘度小于0.7 Pa×s,炉渣仍具有良好的流动性. MgO含量由8.5%升高至10.5%时,熔化性温度逐渐降低,炉渣粘度变化较小. 对于工业生产中炉渣TiO2含量较低的高炉,可考虑增加含钛原料的使用,以进行护炉操作.