Combining case-based reasoning systems and support vector regression to evaluate the atmosphere–ocean interaction

This work presents a system for automatically evaluating the interaction that exists between the atmosphere and the ocean’s surface. Monitoring and evaluating the ocean’s carbon exchange process is a function that requires working with a great amount of data: satellite images and in situ vessel’s data. The system presented in this study focuses on computational intelligence. The study presents an intelligent system based on the use of case-based reasoning (CBR) systems and offers a distributed model for such an interaction. Moreover, the system takes into account the fact that the working environment is dynamic and therefore it requires autonomous models that evolve over time. In order to resolve this problem, an intelligent environment has been developed, based on the use of CBR systems, which are capable of handling several goals, by constructing plans from the data obtained through satellite images and research vessels, acquiring knowledge and adapting to environmental changes. The artificial intelligence system has been successfully tested in the North Atlantic Ocean, and the results obtained will be presented in this study.     

Human experts and expert systems: A view from the shop-floor

For quite some time, the research in artificial intelligence has focused on expert systems, because here are to be found practical applications at the experimental stage which may soon become widespread. This focus makes more pressing the need to link the debate about the fundamental efficiency of artificial intelligence with those activities that aim at the application of specialized expert systems. In this paper, I begin by considering the stages and the development of human expertise. As a frame of reference I propose a polar dialectic model of the development of human acting and thinking that explicitly deals with the interplay of calculating rationality and intuition. This suggests the use of expert systems as decision aids particularly in the field of maintenance work on the shop-floor. With regard to this case, some theses concerning the human-centred shaping of technology and work are presented.     

基于人工智能的电厂电气自动化系统的实现与应用

社会的进步要求生产力更加发达,要求人类的经济生活更加智能化,以节省宝贵的时间去做其它有益的事情。电气自动化控制领域的革新需要人工智能的大力支持,而人工智能在自动化控制方面的优势在这个领域也确实能够得到极大的发挥,促进自动化控制的发展进步。自动化的特征,表达了一个共同的主题,即提高机械人类意识能力,强化控制自动化,因此人工智能任电气自动化领域将会大有作为,电气自动化控制也需要人工智能的参与。     

人工智能的虚拟仿真技术研究

由于科技发展不断进步,人工智能的虚拟仿真技术也随之迅速发展起来。在过去的十多年,吸引人们最多的 两项技术是虚拟仿真技术的专研以及人工智能技术的专研,在进行这两项技术专研时,智能虚拟环境是发现这两项技术共同 点的主要因素。本文对人工智能的虚拟仿真技术进行分析,找出人工智能的虚拟仿真技术存在的问题,进而深入了解了人工 智能的虚拟仿真技术的建模方式。     

大数据智能:从数据拟合最优解到博弈对抗均衡解

数据驱动的机器学习（特别是深度学习）在自然语言处理、计算机视觉分析和语音识别等领域取得了巨大进展,是人工智能研究的热点。但是传统机器学习是通过各种优化算法拟合训练数据集上的最优模型,即在模型上的平均损失最小,而在现实生活的很多问题（如商业竞拍、资源分配等）中,人工智能算法学习的目标应该是是均衡解,即在动态情况下也有较好效果。这就需要将博弈的思想应用于大数据智能。通过蒙特卡洛树搜索和强化学习等方法,可以将博弈与人工智能相结合,寻求博弈对抗模型的均衡解。从数据拟合的最优解到博弈对抗的均衡解能让大数据智能有更广阔的应用空间。     

伦理智能体及其设计:现状和展望

智能体一直是人工智能的主要研究领域之一,任何独立的能够同环境交互并自主决策的实体都可以抽象为智能体.随着人工智能从计算智能到感知智能,再到认知智能的发展,智能体已逐步渗透到无人驾驶、服务机器人、智能家居、智慧医疗、战争武器等人类生活密切相关的领域.这些应用中,智能体与环境、尤其是与人类和社会的交互愈来愈突出,其中的伦理...     

Distributed artificial intelligence for runtime feature-interactionresolution

The feature-interaction problem has many different instances. It is argued that some instances lend themselves to a distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) approach. The use of DAI techniques in current telecommunications systems appears quite natural in light of two trends in the way these systems are designed: the distribution of functionality and the incorporation of intelligence. The author illustrates the relevance of DAI techniques to the feature-interaction problem by discussing existing work (lodes, team-CPS, multistage negotiation, and negotiating agents) that address one or more instances of the problem. He further identifies the kind of cooperation and coordination that the feature-interaction problem requires and the interesting research problems it poses to distributed artificial intelligence     

人工智能技术在矿山智能化建设中的应用初探

介绍了人工智能技术的相关概念、发展概述及其在煤炭行业发展中的应用,指出目前人工智能技术在矿山应用只是点状结合和浅度结合,没有实现人工智能技术和矿山某个生产或管理系统层面的深度融合。概述了智能矿山的发展历程,指出智能矿山是人工智能技术、大数据技术、物联网技术和矿山实体的深度融合体,利用智能通信、智能控制和智能计算技术实现数字化矿山的计算、处理,构建数字孪生矿山,通过数字孪生矿山和物理矿山的智能交互演化,达到对煤矿安全、高效、绿色的生产控制。构建了将人工智能技术和矿山深度融合的包括设备层、智能层、应用层的智能矿山三层构架:应用层处于智能矿山的最高层,其中的数字孪生矿山子层相当于“数字大脑”,实现矿山最高层次的智能控制;智能层中的智能体要求子系统不仅仅是应用人工智能技术处理子系统所产生的数据,而是从架构上就要将智能计算、智能通信、智能控制融为一体。展望了智能矿山建设的发展趋势:智能化矿山需要加强人工智能技术和矿山融合度的深入研究,将现有的基于人工智能的故障检测、诊断及超前干预技术应用到机器人系统中,智能计算、智能通信、智能控制融合的巡检机器人将是最早能推广的井下智能体之一;智能化矿山需要进一步加强复杂巨系统建模技术的研究,只有建立了矿山的复杂巨系统模型,才能实现采矿活动和环境的协同互动,实现采煤活动的精准控制,复杂巨系统模型的缺乏将是未来智能矿山建设亟需解决的问题。     

Intelligent robotic systems: Adaptation, learning, and evolution

Living creatures have evolved and formed ecological systems by adapting to their dynamic environment. Robots also need an adaptability to the dynamic environment. This paper presents methodologies for adaptation, learning, and evolution in robotics. Further the intelligence of a robot emerges as a result of the synthesis of simultaneous processing of perception, decision making, and action. A robotic system requires the whole structure of intelligence, and acquires skill and knowledge through interaction with the dynamic environment by computational intelligence, including neural networks, fuzzy systems, and genetic algorithms. This work was presented, in part, at the Third International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 19–21, 1998     

The Cortexionist architecture: behavioural intelligence of artificial creatures

Traditionally, producing intelligent behaviours for artificial creatures involves modelling their cognitive abilities. This approach raises two problems. On the one hand, defining manually the agent’s knowledge is a heavy and error-prone task that implies the intervention of the animator. On the other hand, the relationship between cognition and intelligence has not been theoretically nor experimentally proven so far. The ecological approaches provide a solution for these problems, by exploring the links between the creature, its body and its environment. Using an artificial life approach, we propose an original model of memory based on the synthesis of several neuroscience theories. The Cortexionist controller integrates cortex-like structure into a connectionist architecture in order to enhance the agent’s adaptation in a dynamic environment, ultimately leading to the emergence of intelligent behaviour. Initial experiments presented in this paper prove the validity of the model.     

A fuzzy process controller for in situ groundwater bioremediation

Dynamic operation control for in situ groundwater bioremediation requires expertise in both areas of bioremediation and biochemistry. This paper presents an artificial intelligence aided process control system that incorporates an on-line expert system. The fuzzy controller controls the pumping rate based on the measured pollution level. Through analysis of knowledge from domain experts, a model of interval-parameter has been developed from which fuzzy information and fuzzy rules can be derived. There are two levels of fuzzy rules in the hierarchical controller. The lower level can be further divided into two branches. Each branch is divided into three layers based on the employed artificial intelligence techniques and the system inputs and outputs. The system was applied to a real-world case study in western Canada. The results indicated that the developed artificial intelligence aided control system could help improve efficiencies of in situ bioremediation at petroleum-contaminated groundwater systems.     

A framework for manufacturing system reconfiguration and optimisation utilising digital twins and modular artificial intelligence

Digital twins and artificial intelligence have shown promise for improving the robustness, responsiveness, and productivity of industrial systems. However, traditional digital twin approaches are often only employed to augment single, static systems to optimise a particular process. This article presents a paradigm for combining digital twins and modular artificial intelligence algorithms to dynamically reconfigure manufacturing systems, including the layout, process parameters, and operation times of numerous assets to allow system decision-making in response to changing customer or market needs. A knowledge graph has been used as the enabler for this system-level decision-making. A simulation environment has been constructed to replicate the manufacturing process, with the example here of an industrial robotic manufacturing cell. The simulation environment is connected to a data pipeline and an application programming interface to assist the integration of multiple artificial intelligence methods. These methods are used to improve system decision-making and optimise the configuration of a manufacturing system to maximise user-selectable key performance indicators. In contrast to previous research, this framework incorporates artificial intelligence for decision-making and production line optimisation to provide a framework that can be used for a wide variety of manufacturing applications. The framework has been applied and validated in a real use case, with the automatic reconfiguration resulting in a process time improvement of approximately 10%.     

人工智能软件系统的非功能属性及其质量保障方法综述

随着神经网络等技术的快速发展,人工智能被越来越多地应用到安全关键或任务关键系统中,例如汽车自动驾驶系统、疾病诊断系统和恶意软件检测系统等.由于缺乏对人工智能软件系统全面和深入的了解,导致系统时常发生严重错误.人工智能软件系统的功能属性和非功能属性被提出以加强对人工智能软件系统的充分认识和质量保障.经调研,有大量研究者致力于功能属性的研究,但人们越来越关注于人工智能软件系统的非功能属性.为此,专注于人工智能软件系统的非功能属性,调研了138篇相关领域的论文,从属性定义、属性必要性、属性示例和常见质量保障方法几个方面对目前已有的研究工作进行系统的梳理和详细的总结,同时重新定义和分析了非功能属性之间的关系并介绍了人工智能软件系统研究中可以用到的开源工具.最后,展望了人工智能软件系统非功能属性的未来研究方向和挑战,以期为该领域的研究人员提供参考.     

可信人工智能系统的质量属性与实现: 三级研究

人工智能系统以一种前所未有的方式,被广泛地用于解决现实世界的各种挑战,其已然成为推动人类社会发展的核心驱动力.随着人工智能系统在各行各业的迅速普及,人们对人工智能系统的可信性愈发感到担忧,其主要原因在于,传统软件系统的可信性已不足以完全描述人工智能系统的可信性.对于人工智能系统的可信性的研究,具有迫切的需要.目前已有大量相关研究,且各有侧重,但缺乏一个整体性、系统性的认识.本研究是一项以现有二级研究为研究对象的三级研究,旨在揭示人工智能系统的可信性相关的质量属性和实践的研究现状,建立一个更加全面的可信人工智能系统质量属性框架.本研究收集、整理和分析了2022年3月前发表的34项二级研究,识别了21种与可信性相关的质量属性及可信性的度量方法和保障实践.研究发现,现有研究主要关注在安全性和隐私性上,对于其它质量属性缺乏广泛且深入的研究.对于需要跨学科协作的两个研究方向,需要在未来的研究中引起重视,一方面是人工智能系统本质上还是一个软件系统,其作为一个软件系统的可信值得人工智能和软件工程专家合作研究;另一方面,人工智能是人类对于机器拟人化的探索,如何从系统层面保障机器在社会环境下的可信,如怎样满足人本主义,值得人工智能和社会科学专家合作研究.     

Construction of cultural industry development factor model based on factor analysis,artificial intelligence and big data

The rapid development of the level of social informatization has allowed the content related to computer science to advance with the times and have derived two fields of big data and artificial intelligence. Specifically, the theory and methods of artificial intelligence themselves provide key support for big data. On the other hand, big data also provides auxiliary means for the research and analysis of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence will become the mainstream development trend of the future society, and the application of big data technology under the background of artificial intelligence will also be systematic in many fields. This paper analyzes the internal and external factors in the development of cultural industry by means of econometric research methods and big data and artificial intelligence, principal component analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, establishes the model of cultural industry development factors, breaks through the traditional research methods, analyzes the impact of the core, foundation, environment, kinetic energy, efficiency, potential and other factors on the comprehensive index of the development of cultural industry, and analyzes the comparative advantages and development trend of cultural industry in all provinces and municipalities of China. In this paper, the "three elements" model is comprehensively demonstrated by quantitative and qualitative methods, which solves the problem of lack of qualitative and quantitative research methods in cultural industry.     

人工智能领域知识图谱构建与分析

近年来人工智能技术成为学术界和产业界的研究焦点,基于领域科技文献对人工智能相关技术脉络的发展进行分析和研究有助于科研人员掌握相关技术发展方向,同时为国家制定相关政策措施提供了大数据支撑。美国人工智能协会年会(AAAI)和人工智能国际联合大会(IJCAI)是人工智能领域最主要的学术会议,众多领先的AI科技成果在上述会议期间被提出。论文对最近十余年的AAAI和IJCAI会议中的论文集进行了整理分析和挖掘,构建了包含500000个反映研究主题、研究人员等实体及其关系的三元组的人工智能领域知识图谱,并在此基础上对人工智能领域的研究热点和发展趋势进行了分析和讨论。     

Actor-Critic框架下一种基于改进DDPG的多智能体强化学习算法

现实世界的人工智能应用通常需要多个agent协同工作,人工agent之间有效的沟通和协调是迈向通用人工智能不可或缺的一步.以自主开发的警员训练虚拟环境为测试场景,设定任务需要多个不同兵种agent小队互相协作或对抗完成.为保证沟通方式有效且可扩展,提出一种混合DDPG(Mi-DDPG)算法.首先,在Actor网络加入双向循环神经网络(BRNN)作为同兵种agent信息交流层;然后,在Critic网络加入其他兵种agent信息来学习多agent协同策略.另外,为了缓解训练压力,采用集中训练,分散执行的框架,同时对Critic网络里的Q函数进行模块化处理.实验中,在不同的场景下用Mi-DDPG算法与其他算法进行对比,Mi-DDPG在收敛速度和任务完成度方面有明显提高,具有在现实世界应用的潜在价值.     

EXPERT SYSTEMS CONNECTIVITY

Abstract

The commercial success of all artificial intelligence applications depends significantly on their ability to communicate with the currently existing data and applications environment. This article attempts to provide an overview of certain minimal requirements of both data processing and artificial intelligence applications and their implementation, which at least must be satisfied to achieve problem-free integration.     

基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计与实现

物联网络的建立促使人工智能领域取得飞跃性进展。传统图像检测方法利用小波能算法进行背景与边缘噪声划分方式进行图像检测,存在低分辨率图像检测精度低、检测速度慢、缺乏图像深度分析等一系列问题。物联网人工智能发展迅速的环境下,提出基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计。采用智能人工像素点特征采集技术(IAPCCT),对图像进行逐点特征提取,运用物联网丰富数据量资源与处理运算能力对采集图像像素点进行特征分析回馈,回馈信号经人工智能信号图像合成模块(AISIS),对信号做图像转换处理并输出分析结果完成图像检测。通过仿真实验测试证明,基于物联网的人工智能图像检测系统设计具有图像检测率高、识别准确度高、运行稳定、处理高效等优点。     

The control structure of artificial creatures

The aim of this article is to integrate some ideas from the science of complexity, behavior-based AI, and the theory of metasynthesis for intelligence systems, and to design a computational model for a brief implementation of these ideas. Our simulated microworld is a two-dimensional grid containing some resources including food and water, walls, shade, bugs, and an artificial creature. This artificial creature will fulfill a set of goals in a complex, dynamic, and unfriendly environment. The creature consists of a set of self-interested agents, and has life-like characteristics by means of interactions between its lifeless agents, as well as the interactions between the creature and its environment. The experimental result demonstrates the usefulness of this model, and this is only the first step toward our ultimate goal. This work was presented in part at the Fifth International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 26–28, 2000. Supported by NSFC 79990580