异种钛合金TA15与Ti2AlNb激光焊接显微组织及力学性能研究

介绍了异种钛合金(TA15与Ti2AlNb)激光焊接工艺,分析了焊接接头的显微组织、显微硬度分布及室温、550℃高温时的拉伸性能。研究结果表明:焊缝区获得B2相、O相和α2相组成的混合组织,TA15侧热影响区主要为针状马氏体,Ti2AlNb侧热影响区组织主要为B2相和少量的α2相;TA15热影响区显微硬度值高于TA15母材,Ti2AlNb热影响区显微硬度值低于Ti2AlNb母材,在焊缝中心显微硬度值最低;室温时的拉伸断裂发生在焊缝处,断口特征为解理断裂,550℃高温时的拉伸断裂位置在TA15母材上,断口特征为韧窝。     

焊后热处理对Ti-22Al-27Nb合金激光焊接接头组织与高温性能的影响

研究焊后热处理对激光焊接2.5 mm厚Ti-22Al-27Nb合金组织和高温力学性能的影响。结果表明,Ti-22Al-27Nb合金激光焊接焊缝组织为单一的B2相。焊缝650℃高温抗拉强度为母材的75%,塑性则仅为母材塑性的40%左右。拉伸断口形貌为岩石状,呈现沿晶断裂特征。经过焊后热处理,焊缝组织为B2相+O相。相对于未热处理接头,热处理后焊缝和热影响区的硬度下降很多并趋于平缓。热处理温度750℃、保温时间1 h时焊接接头650℃高温抗拉强度达到了母材的87.5%,塑性为母材的82.2%,接头断裂形式为解理断裂。     

Ti-23Al-17Nb激光焊接接头的组织性能研究

通过室温和高温拉伸性能测试研究焊后热处理和同步预热对Ti-23Al-17Nb(原子分数,下同)合金CO_2激光焊接接头性能的影响.结果表明,接头室温和高温拉伸性能低,焊后真空热处理提高接头室温和高温拉伸性能,仍低于母材;同步预热接头室温强度和塑性与母材相当,高温强度与焊后热处理效果相当.组织分析显示,焊缝存在两个腐蚀衬度区,组织为B2相,热影响区晶粒由熔合线到母材逐渐细化,焊后热处理和同步预热改变β相基体上α2相的析出.     

激光焊接热输入对Ti2AlNb合金组织性能的影响

研究激光焊接热输入对Ti-22Al-27Nb(at%)合金焊缝成形和力学性能的影响,利用OM、SEM、XRD和TEM等手段对焊接接头的显微组织特征进行了分析,并探讨了焊后热处理对焊接接头组织性能的影响。结果表明,连续激光焊接可以获得无缺陷、成形良好的焊接接头。焊缝区域组织主要为柱状的B2相,柱状晶的生长方向垂直于熔合线。焊缝和热影响区的显微硬度要高于母材,焊缝的平均显微硬度最高。随着热输入的增加,焊接接头的室温抗拉强度增加,但是焊接接头的延伸率较低。焊接接头650℃高温强度为母材的71%~75%,塑性则仅为母材塑性的40%左右。经过焊后热处理,焊缝由B2+O相组成。O相增多使得焊缝的室温强度略有提高,且提高了650℃高温拉伸性能,高温抗拉强度最高可达母材的87.5%。     

TC4/TA15异种钛合金激光焊焊缝的显微组织和高温力学性能（英文）

研究不同焊接工艺参数条件下TC4/TA15异种钛合金激光焊接接头的显微组织和高温力学性能。结果表明:TC4/TA15异种激光焊焊缝熔合区由含针状α'马氏体的粗化β柱状晶组成,热影响区主要由初始α相和β转变相组成,TA15侧热影响区的宽度窄于TC4侧热影响区的宽度。TC4/TA15异种接头的屈服强度和抗拉强度随温度的升高而降低,高温拉伸强度从高到低的顺序为TA15母材异种接头TC4母材,800°C时塑性变形程度最高。TC4/TA15异种接头横截面的最高显微硬度位于焊缝中心,热处理后接头的显微硬度整体降低,但硬度分布特征未发生改变。异种接头的高温拉伸断裂均发生在TC4母材侧,并在拉伸过程中发生明显颈缩,微观断口呈现韧性断裂特征。     

GTi70与TC4异种钛合金材料激光焊缝组织与性能分析

研究了GTi70与TC4异种钛合金材料激光焊接性能,通过接头常温、高温拉伸强度检测,焊缝组织XRD、OM、SEM检测分析,拉伸断口以及剪切断口形貌SEM分析,论证了异种材料的可焊性. 试验结果显示,异种材料接头常温拉伸强度高于GTi70母材,500,600和750 ℃高温拉伸强度高于TC4母材,焊缝拉伸断口、剪切断口均为韧性断裂,两种材料激光焊接性能良好. 脉冲激光焊缝组织更为细小,焊缝热影响区较窄,母材损伤小,焊缝强度与塑性优于连续激光焊缝.     

TC4-DT钛合金电子束焊接接头的拉伸性能

用电子束焊接50 mm厚TC4-DT钛合金板,对母材、焊缝金属和焊接接头的拉伸性能进行测试,获得了母材和焊缝金属的基本拉伸性能数据,分析了电子束焊接接头显微组织对拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,电子束焊接使TC4-DT钛合金焊缝金属强度增加,塑性和韧性降低,应变硬化能力增强.焊接接头拉伸试验的断裂位置均在离焊缝边缘较远的母材上,母材为整个接头的薄弱环节.母材和焊缝金属拉伸断口均表现出延性韧窝断裂特征.与母材金属相比,焊缝金属拉伸性能的变化与电子束焊接过程中冷却速度快、在焊缝区形成了粗大β柱状晶及针状马氏体有关.     

TC4钛合金激光焊接头显微组织及断口分析

利用光学显微镜观察了TC4钛合金激光焊接头的显微组织,借助扫描电子显微镜对母材及接头拉伸断口进行了分析。结果表明:靠近熔合线处焊缝晶粒为粗大的柱状晶,晶内组织为针状马氏体α′;焊缝中心晶粒为粗大的等轴晶,晶内组织以小块状α+β、大块状α、层片状魏氏组织和α′为主;近焊缝热影响区组织为α+α′的"筐篮"状组织;过渡区组织由高温β转变形成的α相+少量针状α′+原始(α+β)构成;近母材热影响区组织由高温β转变形成的α相和原始(α+β)构成;母材拉伸断裂形式属于延性断裂,接头拉伸断裂形式属于脆性断裂,具有解理断裂的特征。     

TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头高温性能与组织

通过高温拉伸试验、高温持久拉伸试验以及金相分析对TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头的显微组织和高温性能进行了研究.结果表明,用电子束焊接TC4钛合金可获得高温性能良好的焊接接头,其焊接接头的高温抗拉强度为630 MPa,与母材相当.高温持久拉伸时焊接接头在400 ℃下100 h的持久强度大于600 MPa,不低于TC4钛合金母材同等条件下的持久强度.TC4钛合金母材室温下的组织为典型的轧制状态组织,即拉长了的针状α β组织,焊缝组织是由原始β相转变而成的α'相,即针状马氏体.经高温拉伸和高温持久拉伸后焊缝晶粒均明显长大,但其晶粒的长大程度与高温持续时间无关.     

大厚度TC4钛合金窄间隙焊接接头组织性能研究

围绕磁控窄间隙TIG焊接（MCNG-TIG）和真空电子束焊接（EBW）大厚度TC4钛合金接头微观结构不均匀性及其对接头力学行为的影响进行了对比研究。利用扫描电子显微镜对两种接头中部焊缝区和热影响区不同区域的微观组织进行了表征，并对接头截面显微硬度分布和室温拉伸性能进行测定。结果表明，两种接头焊缝区皆为网篮组织，但MCNG-TIG焊缝中α板条宽度比EBW焊缝更加细小。热影响区为初生α相+β转变组织构成的混合组织。随着距焊缝中心的距离增大，β转变组织含量降低。MCNG-TIG热影响区中β转变组织比EBW热影响区更加细小。MCNG-TIG接头平均硬度分布为：热影响区>母材>焊缝；EBW接头平均硬度值分布为：焊缝>热影响区>母材。两种接头的室温拉伸强度系数皆达到0.9以上，EBW接头强度和延伸率略高于MCNG-TIG接头。MCNG-TIG接头室拉伸断裂位置位于靠近母材的热影响区，而EBW接头断裂位置位于焊缝中心。拉伸应变演化结果表明，MCNG-TIG接头在拉伸早期阶段在焊缝中和靠近母材的热影响区同时出现了应变峰值区域。随着拉伸的进行，双应变峰值区特征消失，塑性应变主要集...     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.