基于频域滤波的织物疵点检测

根据织物纹理和疵点的频谱不同分布,提出了织物疵点检测的新方法。首先在研究织物纹理分类的基础上,通过傅立叶变换获得频谱图像;然后设计频域滤波器抑制正常纹理频谱信息,通过重构灰度图像,把灰度图像分割成若干子窗口;最后将统计子窗口方差作为特征值与设定的阈值比较,从而判别是否存在疵点。实验结果表明该方法是有效的, 检测正确率达到90%以上。     

SAR图像盐渍地分类研究

以渭干河——库车河三角洲绿洲为例,利用SAR数据,采用不同的分类方法来提取该研究区盐渍化土地覆盖信息。首先用Enhanced frost滤波算法对SAR图像进行去噪处理。然后基于灰度共生矩阵理论提取去噪后的SAR图像4种纹理特征,并在不同窗口大小下筛选出有效的纹理特征。最后结合纹理特征分别采用最大似然分类法和SVM分类法对SAR图像进行分类。研究结果表明:基于纹理特征的SVM分类方法,能够有效解决单源数据信息图像分类效果破碎问题;13×13窗口的总精度达到98.2456%,Kappa系数达到0.9763,更有利于遥感图像分类和盐渍化信息监测,是地物遥感信息提取的有效途径。     

基于SVM算法和纹理特征提取的遥感图像分类

遥感图像分类是遥感图像处理领域中的一个重要的研究方向,传统的遥感图像分类方法根据像素值进行分类,忽视了遥感影像中丰富的纹理特征信息.小波分析通过引入宽度可变的窗口,可以同时对信号的局部信息进行频率域和时间域的变换.小波分析算法可以有效地提取出图像中的纹理特征信息.支持向量机算法是20世纪90年代提出的一种新的机器学习算法,通常被用来进行模式识别和分类.结合小波纹理提取算法,利用支持向量机进行遥感图像分类.研究结果表明,结合纹理特征的支持向量机分类的效果优于直接对灰度图像进行分类.     

基于空间模糊纹理光谱的多光谱遥感图像分类方法

为了充分利用各波段的纹理信息，针对遥感图像不同波段之间具有较大相关性的特点，提出了一种用空间模糊纹理光谱描述多光谱遥感图像纹理特征的方法。根据纹理特征具有多尺度的特性，对原始图像进行二次模糊纹理滤波，一次滤波采用平面三角隶属度函数，二次滤波采用空阃距离代替平面距离形成滤波隶属度函数，其模糊滤波图像的隶属度分布称之为空间模糊纹理光谱。用FasART神经网络分类验证，实验结果表明，该方法具有较高的分类精度，尤其对纹理特征较为复杂的区域的分类效果更为明显。     

基于Gabor滤波器的遥感图像纹理查询方法

介绍了一种基于Gabor纹理特征的遥感图像检索方法。利用Gabor滤波器对图像进行多分辨率分解,提出了一种改进的基于滤波图像及图像能量的纹理特征提取方法,利用尺度、方向、纹理结构构成特征向量,使用归一化欧氏距离进行了相似性判断。该方法计算过程简单、快速,提高了方向判别的可靠性。仿真实验和实际运用验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于分形纹理的遥感图像岩性识别方法

根据分形理论和遥感影像的特征，本提出一种图像分形纹理计算方法。分形纹理能够准确刻画图像的空间特征信息，在遥感图像分类中作为空间特征信息的补充。利用该方法在河西走廊酒泉盆地的红柳峡地区进行了TM图像的岩性分类实验，当只采用原始TM六个波段图像分类时，精度仅为71．62％，而采用分类纹理信息时分类精度则提高到79．54％。说明分形纹理对岩性空间特征信息有较好的描述，将分形纹理信息配合原始波段进行岩性识别时，总体识别精度达到87．93％．提高了16．3个百分点。因此，该分形纹理对于图像空间特征信息的描述具有重要意义。     

基于无抽样小波变换和MCE训练的纹理分类

提出了一种新的纹理分类的方法,该方法把基于无抽样小波变换的特征提取器和基于欧几里得距离的分类器进行了合并。把方差、偏态系数、峰态系数、三者的联合及谱直方图作为描述纹理图像不相重叠的图像窗的特征。一个使用线性转换矩阵的特征提取器对分类导向的特征做进一步的提取。利用基于欧几里得距离的分类器,每个纹理图像不相重叠的图像窗被确定到属于它的那一类。基于最小分类错误训练方法的特征提取器和分类器设计的合并使分类错误达到了最小化。使用该方法对25类BrodTex纹理图像进行了评估,分类精确度达到90%以上。     

高分辨率影像中基于纹理的建筑区信息提取

在分析QuickBird高分辨率遥感影像特点的基础上,将纹理特征作为分类依据,通过对比实验得出参与分类计算的纹理特征参数为反差和增强反差,按标准距离选出最佳分类因子。选取绿色波段数据,使用改进的最小距离法自动提取影像中的建筑区信息。仿真结果表明,基于该方法提取的建筑区信息识别率为95.4%。     

基于最小熵和遗传算法的遥感图像特征选择

在分析遥感红外图像特点的基础上,提取了灰度共生矩阵的能量、惯性、熵等14个特征量用于红外图像纹理分析.以最小判别熵可分性判据作为准则,利用遗传算法搜索最优特征子集,实现了遥感红外图像的特征选择.为了验证此算法特征选择的有效性,设计了RBF网络分类器,对遥感红外图像进行分类识别,其结果证明,基于最小熵和遗传算法所得到的特征子集可以简化网络结构,减少训练时间,提高样本的识别概率.     

遥感图像森林类型小波纹理的SVM法分类

利用遥感图像对森林类型进行分类是大面积地调查、监测、分析森林资源的快速与经济的方法,但由于不同森林的光谱特征非常相近而较难准确分类。因此,在GPS数据和高分辨率遥感图像的支持下,对水源林Landsat TM遥感图像用窗口法获得阔叶林、针叶林和竹林样本图像,然后计算其小波分解后小波系数的l1范数纹理测度构成分类特征向量,利用支持向量基SVM进行分类。结果表明,利用SVM对图像中阔叶林、针叶林和竹林分类平均精度在80%以上,可较准确地识别森林类型,图像总体分类精度达到90.2%,Kappa系数0.77,均比利用小波纹理特征的神经网络法和最大似然法有所提高,森林分类错误产生的主要原因是混交林造成两类森林间存在交集。该方法可以较有效地提高遥感图像森林类型的分类精度。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。