基于正交试验的铁尾矿烧结透水砖性能影响因素分析

以铁尾矿为主要原料、膨胀珍珠岩为造孔剂,掺入煤气化灰渣和钠长石制备铁尾矿烧结透水砖。采用正交试验研究灰渣比、膨胀珍珠岩掺量和粒径、烧结温度和保温时间对烧结透水砖力学和透水性能的影响,且对烧结产物的微观形貌进行分析。结果表明：透水砖的抗折和抗压强度随铁尾矿掺量的增加而提升,透水性能随膨胀珍珠岩掺量与粒径的增加而提升;透水...     

绿色环保型铁板砂透水砖的研制

设计了利用建筑垃圾铁板砂制备透水砖的配合比,研究了粗骨料粒径、水灰比、外加剂掺入量等因素对透水砖强度、透水系数的影响规律,讨论了制作工艺中的各影响因素与透水系数和强度的关系,获得了最优的混合材配比方案.结果说明:建筑垃圾铁板砂是制备绿色环保型透水砖的有益材料.实现了废弃资源的再利用.     

城市道路用透水砖性能研究

市场上生产的透水砖种类繁多、造型不一,质量差异较大。对透水砖进行分类,通过抗压强度、透水性能、抗滑性能以及净化能力试验等提出合理的透水砖控制标准。     

环保透水砖的制备与性能研究

以废玻璃、废陶瓷为主要原料,以粘土为结合剂制备环保型陶瓷透水砖。透水砖经1000℃保温I-3h烧成。透水系数〉1．0×10^-2cm/s,保水性〉0．6g/cm^3,抗压强度〉12．1MPa。产品符合JC／T945--2005《透水砖》标准。     

混凝土透水砖的研制

采用正交试验方法配制混凝土透水砖,以混凝土的抗压强度、透水系数、连通孔隙率为指标,分析了骨料粒径、水灰比、骨胶比等因素在不同水平下对透水性混凝土性能的影响.试验表明,试验结果与理论分析结果有良好的一致性,可为透水性混凝土的配合比设计提供方向及定量分析方法,试验找出了在一定条件下混凝土透水砖的最优配比方案.     

攀枝花尾矿制备透水混凝土的实验研究

以攀枝花尾矿为原料制备透水混凝土,采用填充体积法进行配合比设计,通过投料法和插捣法进行透水混凝土的搅拌成型,考察了水灰比(W/C)、设计孔隙率等对试块性能的影响。结果表明,当设计孔隙率P为15%,水灰比为0.30时试块抗压强度达到最大值29.2 MPa,并且透水系数2 mm/s,能达到一般轻型抗压透水施工要求。     

以再生建筑混凝土为骨料制备透水砖

随着城市化进程加快,道路和建筑物拆除产生了大量废旧混凝土,既带来环境污染,又造成资源浪费,将其开发再利用具有明显的环境效益和经济效益.本文将废旧混凝土进行破碎、分级处理成为再生建筑混凝土,并以其为骨料来制备透水砖,研究了级配、骨灰比、水灰比、砂率和养护时间对透水砖性能的影响.结果表明,当骨灰比为5.0,水灰比为0.3,砂率为15%,终养时间为72 h时,所制备的透水砖满足JC/945-2005《透水砖》标准要求.     

再生砖骨料混凝土架构模型试验研究

通过试验研究水灰质量比、粒径级配、再生砖骨料和砂体积分数对混凝土抗压强度的影响以及灰砂质量比对水泥石抗压强度的影响,分析骨浆体积比、灰砂质量比、再生砖骨料和砂体积分数对混凝土架构贡献强度的影响. 结果表明,再生砖骨料混凝土的抗压强度随着水灰质量比的减小而增大,当骨料粒径为19~26.5 mm时抗压强度达到最大值;当再生砖骨料体积分数为30%~43.2%时,混凝土抗压强度和再生砖骨料构架贡献强度都随着再生砖骨料体积分数的增大而增大,且都随着砂体积分数的增大而增大;当灰砂质量比为0.33~1.33时,水泥砂浆试件的抗压强度随着灰砂质量比的增大而增大;当再生砖骨料体积分数为40%和43.2%时,灰砂质量比与再生砖骨料架构贡献强度以及骨浆体积比与再生砖骨料架构贡献强度均高度线性相关;再生砖骨料架构贡献强度高于混凝土强度,主要集中在再生砖骨料体积分数为40%~43.2%,特别是再生砖骨料体积分数为43.2%、砂体积分数为18%~26%.     

珍珠岩尾矿对玻璃锦砖烧成性能的影响

通过测定珍珠岩尾矿－石英砂－纯碱－氧化钙体系的软化温度和烧成试样的物理性能指标，研究着色剂对其颜色的影响，从而，探讨珍珠岩尾矿对玻璃锦砖民性能影响的机理。     

Preparation and characterization of regenerated MgO-CaO refractory bricks sintered under different atmospheres

Regenerated MgO-CaO brick samples containing 80wt%, 70wt%, and 60wt% MgO were prepared using spent MgO-CaO bricks and fused magnesia as raw materials and paraffin as a binder. The bricks were sintered at 1873 K for 2 h under an air atmosphere and under an isolating system. The microstructure, mechanical properties at room temperature, and hydration resistance of the regenerated samples were measured and compared. The results indicated that the isolating sintering generated a strongly reducing atmosphere as a result of the incomplete combustion of paraffin, and the partial oxygen pressure was approximately 6.68 × 10^-7 Pa. The properties of the regenerated bricks sintered under air conditions were all higher than those of the bricks sintered under a reducing atmosphere. The deterioration of the bricks was a result of MgO reduction and a decrease in the amount of liquid phase formed during sintering under a reducing atmosphere.     

Performances of lithium manganese oxide prepared by hydrothermal process

A simple hydrothermal process followed by heat treatment was applied to the preparation of spinel Li1.05Mn1.95O4. In this process, electrolytic manganese dioxide（EMD） and LiOH·H2O were used as starting materials. The physiochemical properties of the synthesized samples were investigated by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry（TG-DSC）, X-ray diffractometry（XRD）, and scanning electronic microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the hydrothermally synthesized precursor is an essential amorphous. The precursor can be easily transferred to spinel powders with a homogeneous structure and a regularly-shaped morphology by heat treatment. Li1.05Mn1.95O4 powder obtained by heat treating the precursor at 430 °C for 12 h and then calcining at 800 °C for 12 h shows an excellent cycling performance with an initial charge capacity of 118.2 mA·h·g-1 obtained at 0.5C rate and 93.8% of its original value retained after 100 cycles.     

Effect of nucleating agent on the crystallization of tailings glass ceramics prepared by one-time sintering

Glass ceramics was made by the one-time sintering method using the main raw material of iron tailings. On the basis of quaternary system of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂, using DTA, XRD and SEM, the effects of different nucleating agents and mixing amounts as well as heat treatment on the crystallization of tailings glass ceramics were studied. The experimental results show that, nucleating agent and heat treatment are two necessary conditions for one-time sintering preparation of tailings glass ceramics namely, only adding nucleating agent or experiencing heat treatment, the quaternary system can not crystallize. The composite nucleating agent consisting of Cr₂O₃ and TiO₂ can further lead to the crystallization of the CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ quaternary system at the lower temperature, with the major phase of diopside. In the range of mass content, 0%–4%, crystal intensity and crystal content grow. But when mass content is more than 4%, the crystal size will become coarser and the crystal distribution will be less regular. Different heat treatment regimes do not change the composition of the crystalline major phase in the glass ceramics crystallization of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system. In the range of 30–60 minutes, with the extension of nucleation and crystallization, crystallization degree enhanced, but if the holding time surpasses 60 minutes, the crystallization is worse. Funded by The National Key Technology R & D Program of China for the 11^th Five-Year Plan(2006BAJ04A04)     

Adsorption behavior of Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ ions on bauxite flotation tailings

The adsorption behavior of Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ ions on bauxite flotation tailings was investigated to demonstrate the adsorptivity of the bauxite flotation tailings. The adsorption percentage of Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ ions as a function of adsorbent dosage, solution pH value and shaking time were determined by batch experiments. The maximum adsorption percentage of 99.93% for Pb^2＋ ions and 99.75% for Cd^2＋ ions were obtained by using bauxite flotation tailings as adsorbent. The methods, such as zeta potentials, specific surface area measurements and the analysis of adsorption kinetics, were introduced to analyze the adsorption mechanisms of the Pb^2＋ ions on bauxite flotation tailings. The isoelectric point of bauxite flotation tailings shifts from 3.6 to 5.6 in the presence of Pb^2＋ ions. The specific surface area of bauxite flotation tailings changes from 12.57 to 20.63 m^2/g after the adsorption of Pb^2＋ ions. These results indicate that a specific adsorption of the cation species happens on the surface of bauxite flotation tailings. Adsorption data of Pb^2＋ ions on the surface of bauxite flotation tailings can be well described by Langmuir model, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides the best correlation for the adsorption data of Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ ions on bauxite flotation tailings.     

用吸水法评估砖孔结构的试验研究

介绍了孔结构对砖的强度、保温、干燥收缩以及抗渗等性能的影响,列举出了目前应用较为广泛的几种孔结构测量方法并指出了各自的局限性.基于毛细吸水动力学原理,推导出毛细孔单位面积吸水率W(t)与槡t之间的关系,得到了毛细吸水系数S与平均孔半径以及孔隙率之间的关系,进而得到平均孔半径以及孔隙率与毛细吸水系数S之间的函数关系式,借此提出吸水法测砖的平均孔半径的试验方法.通过对烧结页岩砖、蒸压灰砂砖和蒸压粉煤灰砖的吸水试验,结合得到的函数关系式,计算出了3种材料的平均孔半径,为研究砖的物理力学性能提供了建议的试验方法.     

高岭土掺杂NASICON固体电解质及全固态电池性能

针对LiTi2(PO4)3基固态电解质电导率低的问题,采用浙江三门高岭土矿作为主要原料,以高温固相法制备铝、镁、硅共掺杂钠超离子导体(NASICON)型快离子导体Li1+2x+2yAlxMgyTi2-x-ySixP3-xO12.研究掺杂比例、温度对固态电解质离子电导率的影响.结果表明,组成为Li1.8Al0.1Mg0.3Ti1.6Si0.1P2.9O12固体电解质在423 K时有最高离子电导率7.86×10-4 S·cm-1.以该组成固态电解质为基片,喷雾热解原位制备Al/ Li1+xV3O8/ Li1.8Al0.1Mg0.3Ti1.6Si0.1 P2.9O12 /C全固态电池并在1.8～3.9 V电压区间进行50次充放电测试.该电池具有较好的稳定性及循环容量保持能力.30次循环以后放电容量基本稳定在190～205 mAh·g-1之间,充放电效率大于90%.     

Comparative study of β-Si3N4 powders prepared by SHS sintered by spark plasma sintering and hot pressing

β-Si3N4 powders prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with additions of Y2O3 and Al2O3 were sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of Si3N4 ceramics prepared using this method were compared with those obtained by hot pressing process. Well densified Si3N4 ceramics with finer and homogeneous microstructure and better mechanical properties were obtained in the case of the SPS technique at 200℃ lower than that of hot pressing. The microhardness is 15.72 GPa, the bending strength is 716.46 MPa, and the fracture toughness is 7.03 MPa.m1/2.     

磁选尾渣混凝土路面砖的试验研究

应用正交试验设计法，对利用磁选尾渣（经磁选后的平炉钢渣）作集料的砼路面砖的配合比进行优化，找出了较佳配合比及工艺条件．结果表明；低碱度、低活性的尾渣可以取代砂石作为集料应用于砼制品中，并改善了制品的物理力学性能．