低共熔溶剂提取油茶籽壳中原花青素的工艺优化

为促进油茶籽副产物的高值化利用,采用低共熔溶剂提取油茶籽壳中的原花青素,通过单因素试验考察了提取溶剂种类、摄取溶剂质量分数、料液比、提取温度和提取时间对原花青素得率的影响,并利用正交试验对油茶籽壳中原花青素提取的工艺条件进行优化。结果表明：低共熔溶剂提取油茶籽壳中原花青素的最优工艺条件为以氯化胆碱-柠檬酸(物质的量比1∶1)溶液为提取溶剂、氯化胆碱-柠檬酸溶液质量分数80%、料液比1∶25、提取温度80℃、提取时间40 min,在此条件下原花青素得率为5.26%。综上,低共熔溶剂可有效提取油茶籽壳中的原花青素。     

超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取红松树皮原花青素及动力学研究

目的：对超声辅助低共熔溶剂法提取红松树皮原花青素的工艺条件进行优化，拟合提取动力学方程，旨在对红松树皮中原花青素的资源开发利用提供理论和技术参考。方法：以原花青素得率为指标，筛选最佳低共熔溶剂体系，并进一步通过单因素结合响应面优化超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取红松树皮中原花青素的主要工艺参数。通过提取过程中不同温度和不同时间条件下原花青素得率的变化，拟合出最佳的原花青素提取动力学模型并验证。结果：氯化胆碱、丙三醇和水的摩尔比为1:1:4制备的低共熔溶剂为红松树皮原花青素的最佳提取溶剂；响应面法优化工艺参数条件为：液料比16 mL/g，超声时间50 min，超声温度55℃，超声功率480 W时，红松树皮原花青素的提取效果最好，原花青素得率为4.11%;Boltzman模型能够很好地拟合超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取原花青素动力学过程(R²≥0.9768)，模型验证值与预测值拟合度较高(R²≥0.9442)。结论：超声辅助低共熔溶剂可以有效地促进红松树皮原花青素的传质，确定Boltzman模型为提取原花青素的最佳动力学模型，该提取工艺也可以为相关天然活性物质提取...     

超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取花生红衣中白藜芦醇的研究

采用低共熔溶剂,以超声辅助提取花生红衣中的白藜芦醇。通过对低共熔溶剂的筛选,氯化胆碱/乙二醇(摩尔比1∶2)具有较好的提取效果。在氯化胆碱/乙二醇为提取溶剂、加水量(以体积比计)为40%、超声温度为60℃、超声时间为60 min、料液比为1∶15(g/mL)的条件下,白藜芦醇的提取量为(5.16±0.07)μg/g。     

响应面法优化深共熔溶剂提取烟碱的工艺

为考察深共熔溶剂在烟碱绿色提取中的应用效果,以烤烟烟叶为提取原料,比较了不同种类的深共熔溶剂,并对影响烟碱得率的4个因素(深共熔溶剂含水率、提取时间、提取温度以及料液比)进行了单因素试验和响应面法工艺优化。结果表明:确定的最佳深共熔溶剂为氯化胆碱-尿素;优化后的工艺条件为氯化胆碱-尿素含水率32%(体积分数),提取温度40℃,提取时间30min,料液比10mg/mL。在优化的工艺条件下,烟碱理论得率为22.72mg/g,实测值22.89mg/g。以氯化胆碱-尿素作为深共熔溶剂提取烟叶中烟碱的方法是可行的,通过响应面法优化确定的工艺条件较可靠,可为烟碱的绿色提取提供方法参考。     

唐古特白刺果浆中原花青素提取工艺及抗氧化性研究

用乙醇作为溶剂,对唐古特白刺果浆中原花青素的提取工艺进行了研究,并采用Smirnoff法、邻苯三酚自氧化法以及卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)过氧化体系,对唐古特白刺果实中原花青素清除羟自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)以及抑制卵黄脂蛋白脂质过氧化(LPO)作用的效果进行了测定.,结果表明,原花青素提取的最佳条件是:以体积分数70%的乙醇,浆液比为1g:20mL,提取时间2h,提取温度60℃,此条件下提取液中原花青素舍量为0.0158mg/mL;在原花青素含量为0.632μg时,对自由基清除的顺序为O2-·>·OH,同时具有一定的还原力和抑制LPO的作用.     

超声波辅助低共熔溶剂提取野菊花总黄酮的工艺研究

目的:采用一种新型溶剂提取野菊花总黄酮,并对其提取工艺进行考察。方法:以野菊花总黄酮得率为指标,采用单因素实验和响应面试验优化野菊花总黄酮的提取工艺。结果:用摩尔比1:3的氯化胆碱和1,4-丁二醇制备低共熔溶剂,当低共熔溶剂含水量为28%,料液比1:25 g/mL,温度65 ℃下超声(功率450 W)提取38 min时,总黄酮得率可达62.16 mg/g。结论:低共熔溶剂可作为一种新型的溶剂高效提取野菊花中总黄酮。     

微波辅助低共熔溶剂提取桑葚果渣花青素的工艺研究

以新型绿色低共熔溶剂为提取剂,采用微波辅助法从桑葚果渣中提取花青素。在单因素试验结果基础上,应用响应面分析法对影响花青素提取量的提取条件进行优化。结果表明,桑葚果渣花青素最佳提取工艺条件为:以含水量为40%的氯化胆碱/1,2-丙二醇低共熔溶剂为最佳提取剂,料液比为1∶50,微波功率为600W,微波温度为40℃,微波时间为40s。在此条件下,花青素提取量为35.97mg/g。低共熔溶剂是一种绿色高效的提取剂,可用于生物活性成分的高效提取。     

蚕豆皮原花青素提取工艺优化

以蚕豆皮为材料,探讨微波预处理-乙醇提取法提取原花青素的工艺条件。分别考察预处理工艺中微波功率、微波时间、加水量,提取过程中的料液比、提取温度、提取时间对原花青素提取率的影响。结果表明：微波预处理-乙醇提取最佳工艺为微波功率140W、微波处理时间50s、加水量2mL/g、液料比21:1(mL/g)、温度55℃、70%乙醇溶液提取72min,原花青素提取率为94.53%。     

山葡萄籽中原花青素提取工艺优化

目的：通过单因素与正交试验研究不同的提取温度、料液比、时间、溶剂体积分数等因素对原花青素提取率的影响,确定最佳提取工艺参数。方法：以山葡萄籽为原料,乙醇作为提取剂,通过香草醛-HPLC法测定提取物中原花青素的提取率,香草醛法测定黄烷-3-醇单体与原花青素的总含量,HPLC法测定黄烷-3-醇单体的含量,二者之差为原花青素总含量。结果：最佳工艺参数为乙醇体积分数70%、提取时间120min、提取温度60℃、料液比1:5(g/mL)。结论：在此工艺参数下,原花青素提取率为3.12%。     

超声波辅助深共熔溶剂提取山楂绿原酸的工艺优化

以山楂为提取原料,探究深共熔溶剂对绿原酸提取效果的影响。在单因素试验结果的基础上,以提取时间、提取温度与料液比为影响因素,以绿原酸提取率为响应值,应用Box-Behnken试验设计建立数学模型,进行响应面分析,优化提取工艺条件。结果表明,氯化胆碱-1,4丁二醇组成的深共熔溶剂提取效果最好,响应面优化的最佳提取工艺条件为提取温度56℃、提取时间27 min、料液比21 mg/mL。在此条件下,山楂绿原酸提取率为4.845 mg/g,纯度达到97.6%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press