中厚板和连铸坯表面裂纹研究

钢板表面裂纹是长期影响中厚板质量的主要缺陷,通过近两年的调查分析和现场试验,摸清了中厚板表面裂纹的主要种类,探明了主要裂纹的产生机理.经过采取相应措施,使中厚板和连铸坯表面裂纹得到有效控制.     

板坯角部横裂纹原因分析与解决

针对连铸板坯出现的横裂纹现象,通过对钢种成分、耐材、工艺参数、设备校核等逐一进行排查后,分析出该缺陷形成的主要因素为对弧精度的长期的偏差或不稳定。通过更换对弧板、调整对弧精度等措施,改善了铸坯质量,消除了由于表面横裂纹造成的缺陷,连铸板坯表面一检合格率均在99.5%以上,使问题得到了根本解决。     

S45C齿条表面裂纹原因分析及改善措施

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱对S45C齿条表面磁粉探伤裂纹进行分析.结果表明,S45C齿条表面裂纹是由于棒材亚表面存在长条状钙铝酸盐夹杂物引起.通过加强冶炼过程控制,控制钢水氧性,减少钙铝酸盐夹杂物产生,同时做好连铸过程塞棒曲线监控可降低S45SC齿条裂纹率.     

热轧板裂纹成因分析

本文对热轧板表面裂纹进行了观察分析.为了找出裂纹产生的根源,对同炉次的连铸坯进行实验分析.通过金相组织观察,扫描电镜分析,实验结果表明热轧板边部表面裂纹主要是与连铸坯结晶偏析、成分不均、夹杂物等有关.     

连铸板坯产生角部裂纹的影响因素

本文通过对连铸坯内弧近角部位置上形成纵向凹陷机理的分析 ,指出了连铸板坯角部裂纹产生的原因 ,并讨论了影响连铸板坯角部裂纹产生的因素。     

连铸圆坯应力裂纹与无缝钢管缺陷关系的探讨

大直径连铸圆管坯在冷却及拉矫过程中会产生应力集中,当应力过大时易在连铸圆管坯内部及表面形成应力裂纹。文章分析了连铸圆管坯应力裂纹产生原因及机理,梳理了热轧无缝钢管过程中因连铸圆管坯应力裂纹易造成的钢管缺陷类型;通过分析连铸圆管坯应力裂纹和无缝钢管缺陷关联性,给出了控制和解决连铸圆管坯应力裂纹及无缝钢管缺陷的指导性建议,有助于在实践中有针对性地控制相关要素,减少无缝钢管轧制过程的缺陷。     

Q345E钢板表面横裂纹成因分析及控制措施

天津钢铁集团有限公司在组织生产Q345E钢板过程中,发现该钢种成品钢板表面频繁出现横裂纹。为查找钢板表面裂纹的产生原因,采用扫描电镜及能谱分析仪对Q345E成品钢板以及相应连铸坯表面横裂纹缺陷部位进行了检测。本文根据扫描电镜及能谱分析仪的检测结果,以及工艺跟踪和调查情况,对Q345E钢板裂纹缺陷产生的原因进行了分析,确认该钢种成品钢板表面裂纹是由连铸坯表面裂纹所致,而连铸保护渣理化指标不合格以及结晶器冷却水流量过高是导致Q345E钢连铸坯表面横裂纹的主要原因。通过调整Q345E钢连铸保护渣理化指标并严格检验、适当降低结晶器冷却水流量等措施,使Q345E钢板、钢坯表面横裂纹得到了有效控制。     

厚规格高强耐候H型钢缺陷分析

针对Q420NHB耐候H型钢在腹板和翼缘表面产生微裂纹,影响产品质量。通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察,分析了裂纹产生的原因。结果表明,翼缘表面缺陷是由于铸坯内弧皮下裂纹及间裂造成的,而腹板表面缺陷是由于在轧制过程中铸坯表面的氧化铁皮压入导致。通过对连铸过程中结晶器冷却工艺以及轧制工艺的优化,有效改善了耐候H型钢表面质量。     

中厚板连铸坯表面无缺陷生产实践

山钢股份济南分公司炼钢厂投产的6#板坯连铸机铸坯表面质量不稳定,表面裂纹、夹渣等缺陷比较严重,影响轧制质量。通过外弧角横裂纹控制、铸坯表面夹杂缺陷控制等措施,中厚板连铸坯表面质量得到了明显改善,铸坯外弧角横裂缺陷发生率由25.2%降到了0.03%以下,钢板夹杂缺陷率由月均1.32%降低至0.13%以下。     

40Cr热轧圆钢表面裂纹的产生原因

通过化学成分检验、金相分析、及对连铸工序进行调查,分析了转炉冶炼40Cr热轧圆钢表面裂纹的产生原因。结果表明,连铸拉速不稳定是造成裂纹的主要原因。并跟踪分析了一个浇次连铸拉速的控制情况。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.