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目的:研究肉桂醛、柠檬醛的抗黄曲霉作用。方法:在含不同浓度药物的蔡氏培养液中接种一定量的黄曲霉孢子,每隔 4h分别取定量培养液涂布于蔡氏培养皿上进行霉菌计数,直到48h。 26.5℃培养 72h后计数萌发的霉菌孢子;用扫描电镜观察药物作用后黄曲霉的形态、表面结构的变化。结果:与对照组比较,肉桂醛、柠檬醛的浓度分别在≥0.05μg/ml、0.28μg/ml作用4h后,萌发的黄曲霉孢子数明显减少;肉桂醛、柠檬醛作用后黄曲霉孢子菌丝的形态、表面结构明显改变。结论:肉桂醛、柠檬醛对黄曲霉孢子萌发有显著的抑制作用,柠檬醛抑制黄曲霉孢子的萌发更迅速,两者可能通过破坏真菌细胞结构起抗菌作用。 相似文献
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研究茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛在亚抑菌浓度下对食源性金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎沙门氏菌生物被膜形成能力的影响.采用二倍稀释法确定三种物质的最小抑菌浓度,在亚抑菌浓度下作用于10株金黄色葡萄球菌和10株肠炎沙门氏菌,用微孔板法检测两种细菌生物被膜形成情况.结果表明茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛在亚抑菌浓度下对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎沙门氏菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着各物质浓度的加大抑制作用也增强,茶多酚对革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌成膜抑制能力比对革兰氏阴性菌肠炎沙门氏菌的成膜抑制能力要强,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).柠檬醛和肉桂醛对两种不同细菌的成膜抑制能力没有差异. 相似文献
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该研究旨在了解茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛对不同材质表面(玻璃、不锈钢、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯)蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus,简称B.cereus)菌膜的清除能力,采用超声波平板菌落计数法测定不同材料表面B.cereus菌膜的形成量。茶多酚、柠檬醛和肉桂醛在最低抑菌浓度(MICs)和亚抑菌浓度(subMICs)下对B.cereus菌膜形成具有抑制作用,对不同接触表面B.cereus菌膜形成及清除能力不同。结果表明:茶多酚对B.cereus的MIC为0.96mg/mL,柠檬醛对B.cereus的MIC为0.10mg/mL,肉桂醛对B.cereus的MIC为0.04mg/mL。在相应的MIC浓度下作用24h,柠檬醛对4种材质表面B.cereus菌膜的清除作用最大(抑制率高达60.4%),3种物质对菌膜清除效果为柠檬醛>肉桂醛>茶多酚(P<0.05)。这些发现有力地表明茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛对B.cereus菌膜的形成具有明显的抑制作用,有望在食品加工和贮藏方面降低B.cereus及菌膜而发挥巨大的潜力。 相似文献
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将具有抗菌活性的丁香酚、肉桂醛、柠檬醛用β-环糊精包埋后制成抗菌活性缓释防腐包,应用于传统肉干的保藏,通过观察肉干贮藏过程中霉变情况,研究其应用效果。本文根据肉干干燥过程特性,确定了肉干贮藏较适宜的水分含量为16.40%,水分活度为0.695,将此水分肉干作为样品,于28℃贮藏6个月后,未加入防腐包的空白对照组肉干28 d开始长出霉菌,而包合物添加量在2.0 g以上的丁香酚、肉桂醛、柠檬醛缓释防腐包的肉干组6个月均未长霉,具有较好的防霉变效果,但低于2.0 g防腐包添加量时,肉干贮藏一个月后,陆续长出霉菌,此时防腐效果为丁香酚>柠檬醛>肉桂醛。 相似文献
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牛至油对奶牛产奶性能和抗氧化功能影响的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
试验通过添加牛至油来观察其对奶牛的产奶性能及抗氧化功能的影响。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加15g质量分数为10%的牛至油预混剂,连续饲喂30d。结果表明:乳脂率提高7. 57% (P<0. 05),产奶量和乳蛋白率差异不显著(P>0. 05);血清SOD和GSH-Px活性分别提高6. 97%和10. 86% (P<0. 05 ),血清MDA含量下降7. 94% (P<0. 05)。牛至油可以提高牛奶乳脂率含量和增强抗氧化功能。 相似文献
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采用清除DPPH、ABTS、羟自由基和超氧自由基,抑制脂质过氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,检测香芹酚的抗氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性。实验结果显示,香芹酚具有明显的抗氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性,呈浓度依赖性效应。在清除DPPH、ABTS、羟自由基、超氧自由基,抑制脂质过氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性试验中,香芹酚的体系终浓度IC50分别为100μmol/L、18.18μmol/L、16μmol/L、16μmol/L、12.5μmol/L和6.67μmol/L。作为阳性对照药物的山奈酚的体系终浓度IC50分别为80μmol/L、9.09μmol/L、12μmol/L、12μmol/L、8.33μmol/L和3.33μmol/L。香芹酚具有1个酚羟基,山奈酚具有3个酚羟基,分子结构的不同,导致山奈酚和香芹酚抗氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性不同。研究表明香芹酚具有明显的抗氧化活性和抑制酪氨酸酶活性,是值得进一步研究的抗氧化防衰老类候选药物、化妆品原料和食品添加剂。 相似文献
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Shashank Gaur Emely C. Lopez Ankur Ojha Juan E. Andrade 《Journal of food science》2018,83(6):1748-1756
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Gaston Vernin Claude Lageot Emile M. Gaydou Cyril Parkanyi 《Flavour and Fragrance Journal》2001,16(3):219-226
Essential oils from two samples of Lippia graveolens HBK (South American or Mexican oregano, common in El Salvador), were obtained by hydrodistillation and studied by GC and GC–MS. Forty‐five compounds, constituting 92–93% of the oil, were identified. The two major components in both samples were carvacrol (71% and 34.6%, respectively) and thymol (5–7%, respectively). In addition, two unusual isomers, 2‐isopropyl‐4‐methylphenol and 4‐isopropyl‐2‐methylphenol, were found and identified by comparison with mass spectral data and retention indices and tentatively synthesized. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Antibacterial Activity of Carvacrol, Citral, and Geraniol against Salmonella typhimurium in Culture Medium and on Fish Cubes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J.M. KIM MR. MARSHALL J.A. CORNELL J.F. PRESTON III C.I. WEI 《Journal of food science》1995,60(6):1364-1368
Carvacrol, citral and geraniol showed potent antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium and its rifampicin-resistant (RifR) strain as determined in txyptic soy broth and by zone of inhibition on agar-based medium. Carvacrol had the most potent bactericidal activity, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of 250 μg/mL for both tester strains. When tested at 0.5, 1.5 and 3.0% in 1% Tween 20 for bactericidal activity against RifR-S. typhimurium inoculated on fish cubes, carvacrol at 3.0% completely killed the inoculated bacteria, while geraniol killed most of the bacteria, and citral killed the least. Carvacrol and geranial showed potent antibacterial activity at 1.5%. Bactericidal activity became more evident as storage of fish cubes at 4°C lengthened. The comparable inhibition of these strains of Salmonella and species of Gram-negative bacteria by carvacrol and geraniol support their application as potential antibacterial agents in food systems. 相似文献
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本文利用牛至精油与羧甲基纤维素混合,制备具有抗氧化和抗菌性能的可降解活性包装膜。通过测定其厚度、颜色、机械性能和微观结构等,探究含有0%、1%、2%、3%牛至精油膜的结构和性能。结果表明:精油的加入一定程度增加了膜样的厚度,使膜样表面呈现较浅的棕黄色。精油与羧甲基纤维素相结合,膜样断裂伸长率随精油添加量增加无显著变化,抗拉强度显著降低(p>0.05)。微观结果显示,膜样表面出现微孔,使精油能够从中释放从而发挥抗氧化和抑菌作用。红外光谱的结果显示,牛至精油的加入没有与羧甲基纤维素发生化学反应。通过测定DPPH自由基清除率发现,牛至精油的加入能够显著提高膜的抗氧化能力,并随着精油浓度的提高而增强,但浓度为2%与3%差异并不显著(p>0.05)。利用琼脂扩散法发现,精油能够显著抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的生长,抑菌效果随着精油加入量的提升而显著提升(p<0.05)。综合膜样的性能和经济角度考虑得出,2%牛至精油含量的羧甲基纤维素膜具有良好的物理性能和较强的抗氧化和抑菌性能。 相似文献
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开发新型天然防霉剂控制粮食霉变是保障粮食质量安全的重要途径之一。为研究复配植物精油对粮油储藏过程中常见霉菌赭曲霉(Aspergillus ochrator)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)的防霉效果,挑选活性较强的植物精油进行复配并对联合防霉效果进行评价。通过复配植物精油对霉菌孢子萌发、菌丝干重和细胞完整性的影响,对其防霉机理进行初步探究。结果显示,牛至精油对赭曲霉和黑曲霉的防霉效果最好,抑菌圈直径分别为(27.83±0.58)、(15.33±0.29)mm,肉桂醛对黄曲霉的防霉效果最好,抑菌圈直径为(18.50±0.87)mm;山苍子精油与牛至精油、肉桂醛与牛至精油复配体积比为2∶8时对3种霉菌的防霉效果较优;通过对部分抑菌浓度指数判读,2组植物精油复配对黑曲霉和赭曲霉的防治效果为协同作用,对黄曲霉的防治效果为相加作用;山苍子精油与牛至精油按体积比2∶8复配可抑制霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长、破坏细胞的完整性、改变孢子和菌丝结构;山苍子精油和牛至精油按体积比2∶8复配施用于含黄曲霉的玉米上,可有效降低玉米中黄曲霉毒素B1和赭曲霉毒素的含量。 相似文献
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Madani Sari Daniela M. Biondi Mohamed Kabeche Giuseppina Mandalari Manuela D'Arrigo Giuseppe Bisignano Antonella Saija Carmelo Daquino Giuseppe Ruberto 《Flavour and Fragrance Journal》2006,21(6):890-898
Essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of 23 samples of Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf. were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry (MS). Overall, 30 components have been fully characterized. However, all the oils were characterized by the predominance of four components, thymol (18.5–73.1%), carvacrol (7.6–72.6%), p‐cymene (1.7–18.5%) and γ‐terpinene (1.1–18.7%). Cluster analysis of the identified components allowed us to establish the presence of three main groups, characterized by carvacrol, thymol and comparable amounts of both compounds, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity of essential oils was determined by the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) model system. The SC50 (scavenging concentration) values were in the range 16.2–26.7 µg/ml, representing a good antioxidant effectiveness. The roles of thymol and carvacrol, the main components of all oils, were estimated by measuring their stoichiometric factors. The essential oils were also evaluated for their antimicrobial activity by the agar disc diffusion method and the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against six standard strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus hirae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis). All microbial strains employed (Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria and yeasts) showed a fairly similar degree of susceptibility to the essential oils under investigation, although no evident difference was observed in their sensitivity. Furthermore, a similar level of toxicity was observed for all oils examined, with MIC values of 31.25–125.00 µg/ml. Finally, the addition of the emulsifier Tween 80 to the oil or to the agar markedly decreases the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils against all microbial strains employed, thus suggesting that the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils is dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of their components and also on the microbial strains employed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Capabilities of methanol extracts from oregano and rosemary in retarding oxidation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid C22:6 (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid C20:5 (EPA), in menhaden oil were investigated. The fish oils after mixing with the extracts at different concentrations were oxidized in an accelerated study by heating at 150 °C for 30 min or incubating at 60 °C for 5 d. After heating at 150 °C, only 15.9% of DHA and 18.5% of EPA remained in the fish oil without extract, while 38.8% to 65.9% of DHA and 44.7% to 69.0% of EPA were retained in the fish oil mixed with 1% to 5% of oregano extract. The highest retained DHA (56.9%) and EPA (58.0%) in the fish oils mixed with rosemary extract were observed at 2.5% addition. Increasing rosemary extract to 5% lowered its capability of inhibiting DHA and EPA oxidation. After incubation at 60 °C for 5 d, the highest inhibition capability was also found at 2.5% of added rosemary extract, and the oil retained 88.2% DHA and 88.3% EPA. However, only 18.8% DHA and 23.6% EPA were retained in the fish oil mixed with 5% of oregano extract and no DHA and EPA were detected in the fish oil without extract after 5-d incubation at 60 °C. Thus, antioxidant activity of the rosemary extract was greater than that of oregano extract, but was sensitive to heat. The rosemary extract also demonstrated higher DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging capability, which was approximately 3 times higher than oregano extract, although there was no significant difference in the total phenolic contents between both extracts. 相似文献
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M. Llana-Ruiz-Cabello S. Pichardo J.M. Bermúdez A. Baños C. Núñez E. Guillamón 《Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment》2016,33(8):1374-1386
Consumers’ concerns about the environment and health have led to the development of new food packaging materials avoiding petroleum-based matrices and synthetic additives. The present study has developed polylactic acid (PLA) films containing different concentrations of essential oil from Origanum vulgare L. virens (OEO). The effectiveness of this new active packaging was checked for use in ready-to-eat salads. A plasticising effect was observed when OEO was incorporated in PLA films. The rest of the mechanical and physical properties of developed films did not show much change when OEO was included in the film. An antioxidant effect was recorded only for films containing the highest percentages of the active agent (5% and 10%). In addition, films exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus carnosus. Moreover, in ready-to-eat salads, antimicrobial activity was only observed against yeast and moulds, where 5% and 10% of OEO was the most effective. 相似文献
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为探索有效手段清除生物被膜,作者采用二倍稀释法研究茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌以及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度。并在亚致死浓度下,利用微孔板法研究此3种天然产物抑制3种细菌及其混合菌的生物被膜形成以及群体感应信号分子AI-2的情况。结果表明,在亚抑菌浓度下,茶多酚对金黄色葡萄球菌生物被膜抑制效果最好,肉桂醛对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的生物被膜抑制效果最好,而柠檬醛对所有细菌及其混合菌AI-2活力都具有抑制效果。 相似文献
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Libin Zhu Carl Olsen Tara McHugh Mendel Friedman Divya Jaroni Sadhana Ravishankar 《Journal of food science》2014,79(1):M61-M66
The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde incorporated into apple, carrot, and hibiscus‐based edible films against Salmonella Newport in bagged organic leafy greens. The leafy greens tested included organic Romaine and Iceberg lettuce, and mature and baby spinach. Each leafy green sample was washed, dip inoculated with S. Newport (107 CFU/mL), and dried. Each sample was put into a Ziploc® bag. Edible films pieces were put into the Ziploc bag and mixed well. The bags were sealed and stored at 4 °C. Samples were taken at days 0, 3, and 7 for enumeration of survivors. On all leafy greens, 3% carvacrol films showed the best bactericidal effects against Salmonella. All 3 types of 3% carvacrol films reduced the Salmonella population by 5 log10 CFU/g at day 0 and 1.5% carvacrol films reduced Salmonella by 1 to 4 log10 CFU/g at day 7. The films with 3% cinnamaldehyde showed 0.5 to 3 log reductions on different leafy greens at day 7. The films with 0.5% and 1.5% cinnamaldehyde and 0.5% carvacrol also showed varied reductions on different types of leafy greens. Edible films were the most effective against Salmonella on Iceberg lettuce. This study demonstrates the potential of edible films incorporated with carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde to inactivate S. Newport on organic leafy greens. 相似文献