发酵工艺对冻杏酒品质的影响

以冻杏为原料制备杏酒,研究不同冻杏的添加量、初始糖度、酶解工艺及低温发酵对杏酒品质的影响,分别对酒精度、总酸度、总糖度、出汁率和透光率进行测定,通过数据分析确定冻杏酒的酿造工艺,并利用GC/MS对冻杏酒进行香气成分分析.结果表明:每1000g冻杏酒中冻杏添加量为50g、初始糖度为20°Bx、果胶酶型号为1000s、添加量为0.6g、酶解时间为5h、酶解温度为39℃温度,在温度为12℃的条件下发酵冻杏酒其酒精度为11％vol、总酸度为2.1％、总糖度为1.8％,得到香气成分23种,含有酯类、酸类、醇类、醛类,该酿造工艺利用冻杏完全并且冻杏酒口感独特、富含硒元素,也为实现冻杏酒的产业化奠定基础.     

发酵型红枣酒工艺条件的优化

红枣发酵酒是以红枣为原料,经分选、破碎、低温发酵、陈酿调制而成的低酒精滋补饮品,具有很高的营养价值和保健作用。 该研究对红枣酶解条件、发酵工艺条件进行了优化。 结果表明,最佳酶解条件为果胶酶添加量0.25%,酶解时间2 h,酶解温度40 ℃,在 此条件下酶解得到的枣浆糖度达14.2%;最佳发酵工艺条件为发酵温度25 ℃,发酵时间7 d,酵母添加量0.4 g/L,澄清条件为1%壳聚糖 溶液添加量0.9 mL/10 mL枣酒,在此条件下发酵得到的红枣酒酒精度为9.9%vol,感官评分91分,pH值3.94,糖度5.1%,透光率为75.8%。     

马蹄风味果酒的酿造工艺研究

以新鲜马蹄全果为原料,研究马蹄果酒酿造过程中的酶解和发酵工艺。探究淀粉酶添加量、纤维素酶添加量、温度、pH值、时间和料液比对酶解液透光度、总糖含量的影响;探究酒曲的添加量、温度、初始糖度和pH值对酒精发酵品质的影响。正交试验结果表明,马蹄浆酶解最优条件为:淀粉酶添加量0.4%,纤维素酶0.015%,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间30 min;发酵最佳工艺条件为:果酒酒曲添加量0.5%,温度30℃,初始糖度24%,pH 6.0。     

蟠桃果醋生产工艺研究

以新鲜蟠桃为原料,对蟠桃果醋制作工艺进行了优化,包括酶解工艺,酒精发酵工艺以及醋酸发酵工艺、通过单因素与正交试验确定了制作蟠桃果醋的最优工艺,最佳酶解工艺为:酶添加量0.04%,酶解温度45℃,酶解时间2.5h,此条件下蟠桃原浆出汁率为86.52%;最佳酒精发酵条件:酵母添加量为0.03%,初始糖度为20%,发酵温度为22℃;醋酸发酵的最优工艺为:发酵温度为30℃,原料配比为3号比例(蟠桃酒1275g,麸皮180g,稻壳45g),醋酸菌接种量为10%,经验证性试验测得,此条件下总酸含量为4.56g/dL。     

香蕉果酒工艺的研究

以香蕉为原料,采用全发酵法研制具有保健功能的香蕉果酒.单因素试验和正交试验结果表明,其最佳工艺条件为:热烫温度为100℃,热烫时间为4～5 min;NaHSO3的添加量为0.08‰;酶解条件为:酶制剂的添加量为0.04%,酶解温度为45℃,pH值为5,酶解时间为2 h.发酵的最佳工艺条件为:接种量为果汁的10%:0.5%(葡萄酒酵母:异常汉逊酵母)的酵母液,外观糖度18%,发酵温度为28℃,发酵时间为5 d.     

响应面法优化桂花蜂蜜酒发酵工艺

以干桂花、蜂蜜为主要原材料,研究桂花蜂蜜酒发酵最佳工艺条件。在单因素试验基础上,选择干桂花加入量、麦曲加入量、温度3个因素为响应因子,酒精度为响应值,通过响应面试验对桂花蜂蜜酒进行发酵工艺优化。结果表明,最优发酵工艺条件为:糖度28%、酵母加入量0.2%、铵盐质量浓度0.9 g/L、麦曲添加量9%、温度28℃、培养时间6 d,此发酵条件下干桂花蜂蜜酒酒精度为16.98%vol。     

辣木醋酿造工艺的研究

以辣木叶粉、红糖为原料,采用半固态发酵方法,通过正交试验,确定原料液酶解、酒精发酵和醋酸发酵的最佳工艺条件。辣木醋原料液酶解的最佳工艺参数为:辣木叶粉与水的质量比为1∶10,复合酶由纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶组成,复合酶的添加量为0.4g/L,酶解温度为50℃,时间为1.5h。酒精发酵的最佳工艺参数为:酵母菌接种量0.3%,发酵温度30℃,发酵时间7天。醋酸发酵的最佳工艺条件为:醋酸菌接种量10%,初始酒精度9%,发酵温度29℃,发酵时间6天。     

发酵蟠桃酒的工艺研究

本文是以新鲜蟠桃为原料对蟠桃酒制作工艺进行了优化,包括原料预处理工艺以及酒精发酵工艺,通过单因素实验和正交优化实验最终确定了制作蟠桃酒的最优工艺,原料预处理的最优工艺为在打浆后加入Vc,添加量为0.2%,最佳酶解条件是果胶酶4 g/L+纤维素酶13 U/g,在室温下酶解90 min后过滤,酒精发酵的最优工艺为：酵母添加量为0.04%,初始糖度为20,初始pH值为4.5,发酵温度22 ℃,最终得到蟠桃酒的酒精度达11.2。     

沙田柚保健果醋酿造工艺研究

本实验以沙田柚为原料,选用ZHK-I葡萄酒酵母、醋酸杆菌作为发酵菌种进行液体发酵酿造沙田柚果醋,对果胶酶酶解、果汁脱苦、酒精发酵及醋酸发酵工艺进行研究,确定最佳加工工艺参数。结果表明:果胶酶水解的最佳条件为:果胶酶添加量0.02%、温度50℃、pH4.4、时间120min;果汁脱苦最佳条件为:粒状活性炭添加量0.5%、室温搅拌60min;酒精发酵的最优条件为:接种量8%、发酵温度30℃、糖度20%、pH4.4、发酵时间4d;醋酸发酵的最优条件为:接种量10%、温度34℃、酒度8%、时间4d。酿制出来的沙田柚果醋颜色金黄,澄清透亮,醋味浓郁,同时具有沙田柚的特殊清香味。     

瓯柑南瓜果酒的研制

以瓯柑、南瓜为原料,开发果酒产品。研究酶解时间、温度及酶用量对果汁果胶酶解程度的影响,酵母添加量、初始糖度、发酵时间和发酵温度对果酒发酵的影响,确定果酒酿造的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:果胶酶添加量0.015%,酶解时间2.5h,酶解温度45℃,酵母菌接种量0.265‰,发酵液初始糖度21.0%,发酵温度32.1℃,发酵时间4d,酿制的瓯柑果酒香气浓郁,具有特有的苦味,营养丰富。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press