设备鲁棒性布局与物料搬运系统协同优化方法

针对现有车间设备鲁棒性布局忽略物料搬运系统设计从而导致最终布局方案偏离全局最优解的问题,提出了一种设备鲁棒性布局及物料搬运系统协同优化方法。通过分析不同生产阶段设备间物流量及物流关系的变化,生成初始鲁棒性布局方案,并对每一种布局方案建立物流路径概率矩阵并进行路径规划。以物料搬运设备效率为约束,选择相应的物料搬运设备。以物料搬运成本及布局面积费用最低为优化目标,建立设备鲁棒性布局及物料搬运系统协同优化模型,采用遗传算法进行求解,得到更贴近实际生产的车间布局规划方案。通过实例验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

一种可变规格板材下料的优化方法

针对零件在一批大小和成本不同的板材上下料(可变规格板材下料)的问题,以下料方案对应的成本最优为目标,提出了一种结合遗传算法和模拟退火算法的混合优化方法.该方法以遗传算法为主体,利用遗传算法优化板材序列和零件序列,通过优化板材序列实现板材使用优化,平衡了板材成本、利用率和使用数量;解码过程通过对排样板材间零件以模拟退火方式优化调整,提高了板材总体利用率,得到了比现行方法更优的下料方案.通过算例和相关应用,验证了文中方法的有效性.     

带时间窗的多中心半开放式车辆路径问题

针对多中心协同配送下的车辆路径问题,建立了总成本最小化模型,所建模型满足多中心、多需求点和半开放式的特征。考虑到问题的复杂性,设计了一种三阶段求解算法：将K-mediods聚类算法用于原始数据分解,将原规模较大的多配送中心路径问题转换成多个单配送中心路径问题;设计了改进多蚁群算法来求解单配送中心路径问题,得到初始方案;在调整阶段,利用节约算法优化初始方案。分析了算例,并同其他文献的算法求解结果进行对比,结果表明,所提算法比GA-ACO算法求解得到的单中心配送最优路径值减小32.16%,总成本减小30.42%;比狼群算法解得的最优路径值和总成本均减小8.99%;比蚁群算法求得的最优路径值减小24.76%,最小配送成本减小3.40%,从而验证了所建模型的合理性和所设计多阶段算法的有效性。     

贪心遗传算法求解组合优化问题

许多问题最终可以归结为求解一个组合优化问题,GA是求解组合优化问题的一个强有力的工具,但遗传算法在应用中常出现收敛过慢和封闭竞争问题,本文提出贪心遗传算法。该算法的初始种群建立、交叉和变异等过程,都引入贪心选择策略指导搜索;移民操作向种群引进新的遗传物质,克服了封闭竞争缺点。贪心遗传算法可以避免早熟收敛并改进算法的性能,算法搜索起步阶段的效率是非常高的,本文通过TSP问题仿真试验证明了算法的有效性,在较少的计算量下,得到令人满意的结果。     

作业车间多工艺路线批量作业计划优化

提出一种基于遗传算法的作业计划算法,用于解决作业车间的中小批量多工艺加工作业计划的优化问题。在作业计划算法中,提出了一种将工件的子批数量和加工工序包容在一起的染色体编码方法,使得子批数量的确定和子批加工顺序的安排能够被同时优化。以生产周期为目标优化作业计划,将遗传算法和分派规则相结合,通过交叉、变异等遗传操作,得到目标的最优或次优解。最后对算法进行了仿真研究,并给出了算法运行结果,仿真结果表明该算法是可行的。     

求解作业车间调度问题的广义粒子群优化算法

为克服传统粒子群优化算法在解决组合优化问题上的局限性,分析了其优化机理,并在此基础上提出了广义粒子群优化模型。按照此模型提出了一种求解作业车间调度问题的广义粒子群优化算法。在本算法中,利用遗传算法中的交叉操作作为粒子间的信息交换策略,利用遗传算法中的变异操作作为粒子的随机搜索策略,而粒子的局部搜索策略则采用禁忌搜索来实现。为了控制粒子的局部搜索以及向全局最优解的收敛,迭代过程中交叉概率以及禁忌搜索的最大步长都是动态变化的。实验结果表明,本算法可有效地求解作业车间调度问题,验证了广义粒子群优化模型的合理性。     

基于混合遗传算法的Job-Shop调度问题的研究

Job-Shop调度问题是最困难的组合优化问题之一,由于其固有的计算复杂性,一般无法利用经典解析算法求出最优解。结合实际生产情况,建立了Job-Shop调度问题的模型,并基于遗传算法与局部搜索启发式算法相结合的混合遗传算法的思想给出了求解此模型的算法过程。     

基于两阶段蚁群算法的带非等效并行机的作业车间调度

针对带非等效并行机的作业车间生产调度问题,以制造系统的生产成本、准时交货率等为目标,构建生产调度多目标模型。利用蚁群算法在求解复杂优化问题方面的优越性,建立调度问题与蚁群并行搜索的映射关系,将调度过程分成任务分派和任务排序两个阶段,每个阶段分别设计蚁群优化算法,并将两阶段寻优蚂蚁有机结合,构建一种具有继承关系的两阶段蚁群并行搜索算法,可以大大提高获得较优解的概率,并且压缩求解空间,快速获得较优解。通过均匀试验和统计分析确定算法的关键参数组合,将两阶段蚁群算法应用不同规模的8组算例。结果表明,无论是优化结果还是计算效率,两阶蚁群算法均优于改进的遗传算法。将所提出两阶段蚁群算法应用于实际车间的生产调度,减少了生产过程中工序间等待时间和缩短了产品交付周期。     

混合遗传算法进行离心叶轮优化设计

利用自适应交叉遗传算法和生物生长算法的特点，提出一种新的优化方法——混合生物生长自适应交叉遗传算法。该方法既充分利用了遗传算法全局寻优和生物生长法快速收敛的优点，又弥补了遗传算法收敛速度过慢和生物生长法过分依赖结构初始形状的不足。为了验证优化方法的正确性和合理性，对某三维离心叶轮进行优化设计，结果表明，混合算法较单纯采用遗传算法收敛速度快，且可得到形状优化最优解。     

基于Pareto最优的多企业协同计划调度优化

为解决协同制造环境下多协作企业的协同计划调度问题,针对多企业协同生产链实际运作过程,建立了一种考虑综合成本和完工时间的多目标计划调度优化模型。基于Pareto最优概念,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法（快速非支配排序遗传算法）来解决多目标优化问题。为了保证解的收敛性和多样性,设计了有效的编解码方式和遗传操作程序,通过局部变异种群重复个体,并采用分布函数自适应选取精英数量,得到一系列Pareto最优解。最后通过仿真实例对多目标优化模型和算法进行了求解,结果表明,该方法可快速有效地实现全局多目标寻优,从而找到更多更合理的协同计划调度方案。
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Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.