聚合物驱和三元复合驱采出水流变性和采出液稳定性研究

通过室内实验 ,研究了聚合物驱和三元复合驱采出水流变性及采出液的稳定性。实验结果表明 ,水相流变性对聚合物驱和三元复合驱采出水和采出液的稳定性有显著影响。聚合物对O/W型原油乳状液的稳定作用 ,主要是通过增强原油乳状液水相的流变性 (如视粘度、弹性模量和屈服值 )来实现的     

弱碱三元复合驱开发策略

本文的研究主要是针对某油田在弱碱三元复合驱区块开发过程中展现出的问题,结合具体工作特征,力求能够对具体开发过程和最终工作效果进行优化。具体分为前缘水区、聚合物前置段塞开发以及三元主段塞开发三方面内容,具体方式就是总结相应工作规律,最终对工作特点以及优化方向等进行研究,希望能够为相关工作的效果提供合理参考。     

三元复合驱采油技术进展

三元复合驱作为一种既经济又有效率的强化采油技术被各大油田广泛采用。文中简单介绍了油田三次采油技术,重点讨论了三元复合驱强化采油的技术特点和驱油机理,并结合大庆油田生产实际阐述了三元复合驱在大庆油田的研究和应用情况．为以后三元复合驱的扩大应用提供了充分的参考和依据。     

油层条件对三元复合驱效果的影响

为探索非均质较强的二类油层强碱三元复合驱的可行性,2007年在喇北东块开展现场试验,历经7年,阶段提高采收率达20个百分点以上,中心井区含水降幅在25.4个百分点,取得了较好的开发效果,但井组间见效差异较大。本文以井组油层发育状况为基础,通过对不同发育状况井组的聚类分析,明确油层发育状况对开发效果的影响,并按油层厚度、渗透率极差、含油饱和度等相关因素,评价各因素对井组见效的影响程度。     

油层条件对三元复合驱效果的影响

为探索非均质较强的二类油层强碱三元复合驱的可行性,2007年在喇北东块开展现场试验,历经7年,阶段提高采收率达20个百分点以上,中心井区含水降幅在25.4个百分点,取得了较好的开发效果,但井组间见效差异较大。本文以井组油层发育状况为基础,通过对不同发育状况井组的聚类分析,明确油层发育状况对开发效果的影响,并按油层厚度、渗透率极差、含油饱和度等相关因素,评价各因素对井组见效的影响程度。     

不同类型前置段塞聚合物浓度对驱油效果影响研究

针对大庆油田喇嘛甸区块的三元复合驱多段塞注入开发现状,进行了室内物理模拟实验。通过改变一元(聚合物)、二元(聚合物+表面活性剂)两种不同类型前置段塞中聚合物浓度,研究了不同前置段塞对多段塞注入三元复合驱整体驱油效果的影响。结果表明,随着前置段塞中聚合物浓度增加,化学驱提高采收率幅度越大,出口端最低含水率逐渐降低;聚表二元前置段塞对采收率的提高程度优于单一聚合物前置段塞。     

不同类型前置段塞聚合物浓度对驱油效果影响研究

针对大庆油田喇嘛甸区块的三元复合驱多段塞注入开发现状,进行了室内物理模拟实验。通过改变一元(聚合物)、二元(聚合物+表面活性剂)两种不同类型前置段塞中聚合物浓度,研究了不同前置段塞对多段塞注入三元复合驱整体驱油效果的影响。结果表明,随着前置段塞中聚合物浓度增加,化学驱提高采收率幅度越大,出口端最低含水率逐渐降低;聚表二元前置段塞对采收率的提高程度优于单一聚合物前置段塞。     

砾岩油藏三元复合驱中碳酸钠与无机矿物消耗影响因素研究

新疆油田三元复合驱现场使用的碱为碳酸钠,针对该区块的无机矿物组成、原油组成与地层水组成特点,开展了碳酸钠消耗量的研究。结果表明,砾岩油藏地层中的无机黏土矿物对碳酸钠有较强的吸附作用,其中吸附最强的是蒙脱石,其次是绿泥石、伊利石、长石,石英砂吸附性最小。静态吸附的结果证明碳酸钠在松散岩心上的吸附大于胶结岩心上的吸附,随着渗透率的降低,碳酸钠的动态吸附量逐渐减小,杂基对碳酸钠的消耗较大。该区块原油酸值较低,碳酸钠与原油发生化学反应的损失较少,该区块地层水中二价金属阳离子浓度较低,对碳酸钠的消耗也较少。     

三元复合体系的注入方式对驱油效果影响研究

在模拟大庆油田油藏条件下(45℃,原油粘度9.8 m Pa·s),用1 600万、1 900万、2 500万聚合物配制成浓度分别为1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500 mg/L的三元复合溶液,并在渗透率为100、300、500、700、900×10-3μm2的人造岩心上开展流动性实验,测定各组实验的阻力系数和残余阻力系数,从而优选出与油层渗透率匹配性较好的三元复合溶液。在三元复合驱实验中,用优选出的1 600万和2 500万聚合物配制成不同浓度的三元复合溶液并驱替非均质(平均渗透率300×10-3μm2,变异系数0.72)人造岩心的水驱剩余油,得到了各方案不同阶段采收率、含水率的变化规律,从而优选出最佳注入方式。     

三元复合驱污水的无机絮凝剂处理效果研究

采用模拟三元复合驱采出污水,选用硫酸铝、聚合硫酸铝、聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铝铁4种无机絮凝剂,研究其对三元复合驱采出污水的处理效果。经4种絮凝剂处理后,污水的透光率均随加剂量的增加而先上升后下降;温度升高有利于提高絮凝效果;硫酸铝处理效果较聚合无机盐差,聚合氯化铝的絮凝效果最好,在温度为50℃时,最佳投加量为2750mg/L,最高透光率为84.1%。聚合氯化铝对聚合物驱污水、三元复合驱污水及仅含表面活性剂的污水处理试验表明,3种模拟污水处理难度由大到小依次为:三元复合驱污水、表面活性剂污水、聚合物驱污水。     

非离子表面活性剂吐温80的复合驱油体系研究

针对胜利孤东油田的实际情况，通过相态试验、动态界面张力测定、吸附与模型驱油试验，研究了Tween 80/复碱／部分水解聚丙烯酰胺复合驱油体系的性能，得到ASP复合驱油体系配方（w/%):0.3Tween 80(S) 1.0复碱（m(Na2CO3):m(NaHCO3)=1:1)(A) 0.1HPAM(3530S)(P).研究结果表明，所提出的复合驱油体系能与胜利孤东油田原油形成中相乳状液，动态表面张力为10^-4mN/m数量级，是一种优良的驱油体系。     

Rheology and polymer flooding characteristics of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide for enhanced heavy oil recovery

Polymer flooding characteristics of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with the addition of NaOH were examined in homogeneous glass‐bead packs. The heavy oil recovery in unconsolidated sandstone formations by applying the alkali‐polymer flooding was observed. Experimental results showed that HPAM solution was sensitive to temperature, salinity, and alkali, finding that alkali‐polymer solutions are more effective in improving viscosity than conventional polymer solutions. The solution of 0.5 wt % NaOH mixed with 1500 ppm HPAM (12 mol % hydrolysis degree) was found to be the optimal choice, which gives rise to the highest viscosity on the rheological characterization. Flood tests using the alkali‐polymer solution showed an increase in oil recovery by 30% over water‐flooding when the water‐cut reached 95%, indicating that alkali‐polymer could be more effective in improving sweep efficiency than polymer flood. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Water slug injection containing n polymers in porous media

Injection of water containing dissolved chemicals is an efficient oil recovery technique. One of the problems of this method is the loss of the chemical components due to interactions between rock and fluid. In polymer injection, adsorption may happen and lead to low process efficiency. The interaction between rock and fluid is governed by the adsorption isotherm, which relates the polymer concentration in water with the adsorbed amount on the rock. In this paper the problem of oil displacement by a water slug containing n chemical components that may be adsorbed is analyzed. The system of conservation laws is solved and the structure of the solution for the case of Henry's adsorption isotherm is completely described. The concentration profile of each component and the chromatographic cycle is calculated through simple expressions. The complete and detailed solution for the case of slug injection containing three chemical components is presented. The general solution developed can be used to model several Enhanced Oil Recovery techniques, in which the chemical components adsorb in porous media following Henry's adsorption isotherm.     

Evaluating the performance of designed terpolymers for polymer flooding

In this work, polymeric materials designed for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) were evaluated for their intended application. Properties including viscosity, flow through porous media (resistance factor and residual resistance factor), and heavy oil displacement (incremental oil recovery) were assessed for designed terpolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid (AMPS), acrylamide (AAm), and acrylic acid (AAc). The same properties were evaluated for two commercially available reference materials (e.g., partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides or HPAM) with similar characteristics, which allowed for direct comparison between the newly designed terpolymers and materials that are currently on the market for the polymer flooding application. The incremental oil recovery directly associated with polymer flooding, which includes both the polymer flooding and post-polymer waterflooding stages (excluding the initial waterflooding injection (or secondary) oil recovery), demonstrates that the designed terpolymers provided a higher incremental recovery (42% and 58%) than the reference materials (33% and 46%). Therefore, the terpolymers provided a higher contribution to incremental (or enhanced) oil recovery than the typical HPAM. Additionally, both designed terpolymers showed better injectivity in unconsolidated porous media and are less likely to cause plugging than the commercially available reference materials. Therefore, using a targeted design approach ultimately led to polymeric materials with excellent performance for EOR polymer flooding applications.     

我国三次采油进展

阐述了三次采油的基本原理 ,回顾了我国三次采油的概况 ,并结合各个油田的具体情况介绍了各种驱油方法如聚合物驱、微乳液驱和三元复合驱的应用及效果 ,最后对我国三次采油的前景作了展望。     

三元复合驱用缔合聚合物浓度检测方法优选

考察了淀粉-碘化镉法、浊度法、紫外分光光度法对于三元复合驱中疏水缔合聚合物AP-C1进行浓度检测的现场适应性和有效性。结果显示,从准确度来看,测试三元复合驱体系中缔合聚合物浓度最优的方法是淀粉-碘化镉法,其次是浊度法,紫外光谱法相对误差较大。碱浓度对于淀粉-碘化镉法和浊度法的影响较大,表面活性剂浓度的影响较小。虽然淀粉-碘化镉法测定三元复合体系中缔合聚合物浓度相对误差小,应用广泛,但是此方法操作过程相对复杂,反应条件不易掌握,测量时容易引入人为误差,重复性较难以保证,考虑到浊度法操作简单方便,相对误差在可接受范围内,所以对于现场实际条件下,建议采用浊度法进行检测。     

无机盐对新疆油田三元复合驱界面性能影响研究

界面性能对复合驱提高采收率有重大的影响,界面张力越低,洗油效率越高;Zeta电位越高,油水乳状液越稳定。研究了各类无机盐对新疆油田复合驱界面性能的影响。结果显示,Zeta电位的绝对值随着无机盐浓度的增高而增大;无机碱中,碳酸根离子降低界面张力效果最好,氢氧根次之,碳酸氢根最差;阳离子中,钾离子降低界面张力效果最好,其次是钠离子,镁离子会略微提高界面张力,钙离子则会大幅度提高界面张力;阴离子中,与硫酸根相比,氯离子能更好地降低界面张力。通过以上研究,确定了Q站污水处理站外排水更适合三元复合驱配液。     

三元复合驱注采系统结垢现状及影响因素分析

三元复合驱(ASP)技术具有显著提高驱油效率、降低界面张力、较好的流度控制和降低化学剂的吸附等很多优点,但却给ASP注采系统带来了严重的结垢问题。针对这一现象,本文详细的介绍了ASP体系结垢现状,并对影响ASP体系结垢的主导因素进行了详致的分析,针对影响结垢的首要因素提出了可行性的预防和解决对策。