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油水井的小修作业施工过程中,存在着环境污染的可能性,加强对油水井小修作业施工程序的管理,减少对环境污染的事故发生,达到预期的安全环保指标。不断优化油水井小修作业施工技术措施,提高油水井小修作业施工的质量,提高油田生产的经济效益。 相似文献
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油水井小修作业技术措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
油水井的小修作业属于井下作业油水井维修的范畴,通过常规的起下管柱的操作,就能够解决油水井的问题。研究油水井小修的作业技术措施,提高油水井小修作业的速度,尽快恢复油水井的正常运行状态,保证油田生产的顺利进行,达到预期的生产能力。 相似文献
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宣延军 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2012,32(2):220
为确保油水井正常生产,消除油水井套管位移、损坏特征及危害,从现状及存在问题,已采取的措施,提出了全面治理的设想,下技术套管至取水层之下,并固井,取换表层套管,安装补偿器,预应力完井。即实施应急治理措施后,对井筒进行彻底治理。 相似文献
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以辽河石油勘探局曙光工程技术处作业七大队在冷家油田二、三、五区从事各种油水井小修作业为例,从油水井小修作业主要污染因素出发,介绍了曙工处作业七大队为保证“绿色作业环保施工”在油水井小修作业中采取各种先进的环保工艺措施。 相似文献
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以辽河油田曙光工程技术处作业大队在曙光采油厂、特油开发公司、冷家油田等区域从事各种油水井小修作业为例,从立式抽油机对油水井小修作业影响因素出发,介绍了立式抽油机在修井作业过程中对作业影响的因素。 相似文献
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Solid solutions of diphosphates of zinc and copper and of zinc and cobalt were synthesized from mixtures of pure diphosphates at temperatures up to 1000°C. Their X-ray diffractometry patterns varied continuously from one end member to the other. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cox(PO4 )2, with x = 0.4–1.6, were formed at temperatures up to 950°C; all exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cux (PO4 )2 exhibited more-complex behavior. At 1000°C and copper contents of 20–80 mol%, a phase that is related to Cu3 (PO4 )2, termed here the "ε-phase," predominated. At 850°–950°C and in the region from 20 mol% to ∼33 mol% of copper, the solid solutions (the "η-phase") adopted the structure of graftonite. At 800°–900°C and 10–15 mol% of copper, the solid solutions exhibited a new structure (the "δ-phase"), which we found to be related to the mineral sarcopside. At temperatures 950°C, the solutions that contained 5–15 mol% of copper (the "β-phase") had the structure of β-Zn3 (PO4 )2, whereas at 800°–850°C, solutions with 5 mol% of copper (the "-phase") exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Attempts to synthesize Cu+ ZnPO4 and Cu+ Cu2+ Zn3 (PO4 )3 were unsuccessful. 相似文献
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为了提高油田的生产效率,设计最佳的油气集输处理的工艺流程,更好地完成油气水分离处理的任务。对油气集输工艺技术进行优化,发挥高效油气水分离处理设备的优势,提高油气水处理的质量,保证油气集输工艺顺利实施,获得最佳的油田产量外输。 相似文献
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建设创新型国家是我们中华民族的历史责任。“自主创新、重点突破、支撑发展、引领未来”的16字方针应当成为我们未来创新活动的指南。建设创新型国家把自主创新放在首位,并提出了引领未来的高标准要求。钢铁科技创新必须突出重点,抓住创新成果产业化这个关键,支撑起行业和国民经济的发展。 相似文献
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相比已经完善丰富的开采和勘探技术,油气的运输以及储存却仍然存在不足之处。我国对能源安全提出更加严格要求的同时,对区域经济的发展规划也有足够重视。因此,保障油气管道的安全则成为了我国能源安全战略的重中之重。在阐释油气管道现阶段在储运安全保障技术发展状况的基础上,分析了现存的问题及解决问题的手段,并指出未来可能使用的目标策略,为今后研究者提供一定程度上的借鉴经验。 相似文献
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膜的污染和劣化及其防治对策 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
较为系统地介绍了膜污染和劣化的定义和特点,因膜污染和劣化而造成的膜性能变化,以及如何预防、减少或清除膜污染和劣化的一些通用方法。 相似文献
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James L. White David G. Salladay David O. Quisenberry Donald L. MacLean 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1972,16(11):2811-2827
Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) studies of polystyrene, polybutadienes (BR), and their copolymers (SBR) have been carried out. GPC primarily separates them on the basis of molecular size, and TLC, on the basis of composition. Methods of obtaining absolute molecular weight distributions for BR and SBR based upon variations of the Strasbourg Universal Calibration procedure are described. In particular, [η]–M relationships in both the GPC solvent (THF) and in a second solvent (toluene) were used; in addition, results of statistical mechanical calculations for \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {s^2 }$\end{document} (based on the assumption of negligible steric hindrance and freely rotating bonds) were applied. An experimental comparison of these methods was carried out, and use of the [η]–M relationships for both solvents was found to give satisfactory results. The predictions of the statistical theory were too low. A detailed study of polymer–solvent–gel interaction in the GPC unit was made through investigation of ternary phase equilibrium in the (polystyrene)–THF–(polymer) system. The polymers studied included BR and SBR with varying styrene contents. Experimental techniques for TLC separations of BR, SBR, and polystyrene according to the composition are described. 相似文献