氯化铵焙烧菱锰矿制备高纯碳酸锰的工艺研究

以低品位菱锰矿和工业级氯化铵为原料,通过研磨混合、焙烧、水浸取富集回收锰。实验结果表明：当氯化铵用量为锰矿粉质量的1.1倍、500 ℃下焙烧1 h时,锰的浸出率可达95%以上;并且通过二级吸收的方式实现了焙烧尾气二氧化碳和氨气的回收利用,探索出一条可行的清洁生产工艺路线,避免了环境污染。由于大量金属杂质伴随锰的富集过程同时浸出,实验对锰浸出液进行了中和水解除铁、氟化铵沉淀钙镁等除杂处理,得到满足后续碳化工艺要求的锰净化液,碳化结晶制备出符合HG/T 2836-1997《软磁铁氧体用碳酸锰》要求的高纯碳酸锰产品。     

响应面法优化龙眼多糖热水浸提的工艺

采用响应面法对龙眼多糖热水浸提工艺进行了优化。采用3因素3水平的响应面分析法,3因素分别为液料比、提取时间和转速。建立了一个龙眼多糖得率与影响因子的多元二次回归方程,得到龙眼多糖的最佳提取工艺条件:液料比45,提取时间4.5h,转速191r/min,实际测得的龙眼多糖得率为(0.413±0.013)%。     

工业废盐酸浸出中低品位菱锰矿工艺研究

以中低品位菱锰矿为原料,采用钛厂氯化工序产生的废盐酸进行浸出制备四水氯化锰,对浸出工艺进行了研究。通过单因素及正交实验,考察了pH、液固比、浸出温度和浸出时间对菱锰矿浸出效果的影响程度。研究表明:控制pH为3,液固比为4∶1,60℃条件下浸出45min,锰的浸出率达到95.60%。     

响应面法优化低组胺发酵香肠的工艺条件

目的 以组胺基因缺失植物乳杆菌配合啤酒酵母作为发酵剂,采用响应面法优化低组胺发酵香肠的工艺参数。方法对组胺基因缺失植物乳杆菌和啤酒酵母的菌种间比例、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间4个因素分别进行单因素试验,根据单因素试验结果设计Box-Benhnken中心组合试验,以组胺含量为指标,采用响应面分析法确定最优发酵工艺参数。以优化的工艺制作发酵香肠,并测定各项质量指标。结果发酵香肠最优工艺参数为:组胺基因缺少植物乳杆菌与啤酒酵母菌种间比为7∶4,接种量0.71%,发酵温度30.84℃,发酵时间22.89 h,发酵香肠中组胺含量为3.94 mg/kg。以优化的工艺制作的发酵香肠各项质量指标均符合国家标准,组胺含量降低了54.5%。结论以优化的工艺制作的发酵香肠组胺含量降低,安全性得到提高。     

响应面法优化苯甲酰基氨基硫脲合成工艺

以苯甲酰基异硫氰酸酯和水合肼为原料,合成苯甲酰基氨基硫脲。研究了原料配比、反应时间及反应温度对产物收率的影响,采用响应面分析法对合成工艺条件进行优化,得到了最优条件:苯甲酰基异硫氰酸酯和水合肼配比为1∶1.6,反应温度为5℃,反应时间为3 h,苯甲酰基氨基硫脲的最高收率70.6%。     

响应面法优化电解锰渣的微波活化有效硅工艺条件

采用单因素实验和响应面实验方法,对微波焙烧提高电解锰渣(EMR)中有效硅含量的活化条件进行优化研究.首先采用单因素法研究了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、微波功率和助剂比例(Na2 CO3与EMR的质量比)对EMR中有效硅含量的影响,然后利用响应面法探讨了各因素及其交互作用对EMR中有效硅含量的影响,确定了微波焙烧提升EMR中有效硅含量的最佳工艺条件为:焙烧温度854℃,焙烧时间43 min,微波功率2608 W,助剂比例0.55.在该工艺条件下,有效硅含量可达18.16％,试验值与模型预测值的误差只有0.11％.采用回归分析法,通过实验验证了响应面优化得到的二次多项式模型是合理可靠的.同时,硅的微波活化工艺为电解锰渣的资源化利用提供新思路.     

响应面法优化二甲基砜的制备工艺

以二甲基亚砜与过氧化氢为原料制备了二甲基砜。在单因素实验基础上,运用响应面法,以二甲基砜的收率为响应值,通过回归分析得出制备二甲基砜的优化条件为:反应温度95.7℃,反应时间1.57 h,v(二甲基亚砜)∶v(过氧化氢)=1.0∶1.1,过氧化氢的滴加速度4 m L/min。在此条件下二甲基砜的收率为88.6%。     

响应面法优化鹿血肽的制备工艺

采用碱性蛋白酶水解鹿血蛋白制备鹿血肽.应用响应面分析法选取温度、时间、pH值、酶量4个主要因素,以水解率为响应值,对其工艺进行了优化.得出了鹿血蛋白水解的最佳工艺条件为:温度(53％)、时间(5.5h)、pH(9.5)、酶量(1272U·g-1),在此条件下鹿血的实际水解率为22.13％.实验证明响应面法对鹿血肽的制备...     

响应面法优化低DE值麦芽糊精的制备工艺

采用中温α-淀粉酶酶解地瓜淀粉,制备了低水解程度(DE值)的麦芽糊精。通过单因素实验,研究了反应温度、反应时间、加酶量和淀粉浓度对产物DE值的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,设计了四因素三水平的响应面实验,建立了数学模型。通过二次回归模型和各因素交互作用的响应曲面图分析,得到制备低DE值麦芽糊精的最优工艺条件:反应时间30 min、反应温度60℃、加酶量20 U·g~(-1)、淀粉浓度20%。     

响应面法优化Fenton工艺处理反渗透浓缩液

采用Fenton工艺处理垃圾渗滤液处理过程中产生的反渗透浓缩液,应用BBD实验设计建立数学模型,以COD去除率、UV_(254)去除率和色度去除率为考察指标进行响应面分析,研究各因素及因素间的交互作用对响应值的影响。结果表明,根据COD最大去除率预测模型优化的组合条件为:初始pH值为5.08、H_2O_2投加量为19.53 mmol/L、[Fe⁽²⁺⁾]/[H_2O_2]为0.59,COD去除率为48.34%,UV_(254)去除率为51.48%,色度去除率为76.99%。最终通过模型验证,说明采用响应面法优化Fenton处理垃圾渗滤液反渗透浓缩液是可行的。     

响应曲面法优化硫酸铵微波干燥工艺

对微波干燥硫酸铵的新工艺进行研究,探讨了干燥温度、微波干燥时间、物料质量、物料厚度等因素对硫酸铵相对脱水率的影响.并在单因素实验的基础上,以硫酸铵的相对脱水率为响应值采用响应曲面中心组合设计,对硫酸铵的微波干燥工艺参数进行了优化.所获得的优化实验条件:干燥温度86.05℃,微波干燥时间190.50 s,物料质量102....     

响应曲面法优化蜂胶中的活性黄酮提取

探讨了超声波辅助技术提取蜂胶中的活性黄酮类化合物的工艺。实验以芦丁为标样,在单因素实验基础上,采用Box-Behnken实验设计方法,以提取温度、固液比、提取时间以及乙醇浓度为自变量,黄酮提取率为响应值,研究各自变量及其交互作用对黄酮提取率的影响。利用Design expert软件,建立了提取率与超声波处理各因素的二次多项式数学模型,获得了蜂胶中黄酮的最佳提取条件为:提取温度51.32℃,固液比1∶10,提取时间12.88 min,乙醇浓度88.86%,最佳黄酮提取率为52.39%。经过实验验证,黄酮提取率可达51.98%。     

响应曲面法优化超声辅助提取油菜籽皮中的原花青素

以乙醇为提取剂,用超声辅助的方法从油菜籽皮中提取了原花青素。在讨论了提取剂体积分数、提取时间、液料比(每克原料加入提取剂的毫升数,简称液料比,以下同)和超声波功率等单因素实验的基础上,运用Box-Behnken中心组合实验和响应曲面法分析了提取剂体积分数、提取时间和液料比3个因素对原花青素提取率的影响,并优化了提取工艺。结果表明,最佳的工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数62.9%,提取时间20.8 min,液料比25 mL/g。在该条件下,原花青素提取率的预测值为5.055 mg/g,验证实验值为5.02 mg/g,说明响应曲面法优化油菜籽皮中原花青素提取工艺是可行的。     

Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from mulberry, using response surface methodology

Mulberry is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines. Anthocyanins are the main bioactive components of mulberry, and possess important biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study investigated the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of anthocyanins from mulberry by using response surface methodology (RSM). The extraction conditions associated with anthocyanin yield, including extraction solvent, liquid-to-solid rate, temperature and extraction time, are discussed. The optimal conditions obtained by RSM for UAE from mulberry include 63.8% methanol contains 1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), 43.2 °C temperature, 23.8 (v/w) liquid-to-solid ratio, and 40 min time for the maximum yield (64.70 ± 0.45 mg/g). The results indicated that the UAE can be an effective method for the extraction of some active components from plant materials.     

响应面分析法优化生姜挥发油提取工艺

在单因素实验的基础上,采用中心组合实验设计及响应面分析法优化了生姜中挥发油的水蒸汽蒸馏提取工艺。结果表明,提取时间(p<0.01),料液比(p<0.05)对挥发油提取得率具有显著影响。最佳工艺条件为:生姜干燥后粉碎过60目筛,加水15.6倍,水蒸汽蒸馏4.78 h。在此条件下,挥发油得率为2.00%,实验结果与模型预测值相符。     

基于响应曲面法的反应-萃取-结晶工艺优化

氯化钙与二氧化碳通过反应-萃取-结晶工艺制备碳酸钙和氯化氢气体是制碱废液资源化利用的有效途径。用响应曲面中的Box-Behnken Design(BBD)设计实验,考察了氯化钙浓度、萃取剂体积分数、相比和温度4 个因素对反应-萃取-结晶耦合工艺中氯化钙转化率、有机相中氯化氢浓度以及产物碳酸钙的平均粒度的影响及交互作用,并分别建立了三响应值与影响因素间的回归方程。三响应预测最佳值分别为:氯化钙转化率95.08%、有机相氯化氢浓度1.126 mol·L^-1、碳酸钙平均粒度48.71 μm;相应的实验值分别为92.35%、1.123 mol·L^-1 和49.14μm。预测值与实验值接近,误差较小,说明建立的模型对于反应-萃取-结晶工艺的分析和预测准确可靠。     

响应面法优化达托霉素发酵培养基

采用响应面法对玫瑰孢链霉菌发酵产达托霉素的培养基进行了优化。首先通过Placket-Burman设计法筛选出影响达托霉素产量的4个重要因素:初始pH值、葡萄糖、L-天冬氨酸(L-Asp)、硫酸钾。其中初始pH值的影响极为显著(p<0.01),因此,对初始pH值进行了单因素试验,得到最优初始pH值为8.6。在此基础上对其余3个因素用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域后,利用响应面中心组合设计对显著因素进行优化,得到最适培养基组成为:葡萄糖13.0 g/L、L-Asp 2.6 g/L、硫酸钾4.1 g/L。在此优化条件下,达托霉素产量达373.98 mg/L,与预测值(365.76 mg/L)非常接近,比优化前产量提高了2.25倍。     

Optimization of subcritical water extraction of antioxidants from Coriandrum sativum seeds by response surface methodology

Subcritical water extraction (SWE) of antioxidants from Coriandrum sativum seeds (CSS) was optimized by simultaneous maximization of the total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) yield and antioxidant activity, using IC₅₀ value. Box–Behnken experimental design (BBD) on three levels and three variables was used for optimization together with response surface methodology (RSM). Influence of temperature (100–200 °C), pressure (30–90 bar) and extraction time (10–30 min) on each response was investigated. Experimentally obtained values were fitted to a second-order polynomial model and multiple regression. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate model fitness and determine optimal conditions. Moreover, three-dimensional surface plots were generated from employed mathematical model. The optimal SWE conditions obtained in simultaneous optimization were temperature of 200 °C, pressure of 30 bar and extraction time of 28.3 min, while obtained values of TP and TF yields and IC₅₀ value at this experimental point would be 2.5452 g GAE/100 g CSS, 0.6311 g CE/100 g CSS and 0.01372 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, good and moderate linear correlation was observed between antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ value) and total phenolics content (R² = 0.965), and total flavonoids content (R² = 0.709) which indicated that these groups of compounds are responsible for antioxidant activity of C. sativum extracts.     

响应面法优化螺旋藻中叶绿素的超声提取工艺

Chlorophylls were extracted by using ultrasonic from Spirulina platensis. Single factor examination and response surface analysis experiments were adopted to investigate the effects of extraction time, extraction solvent, solvent concentration, ratio of liquid to solid and extraction grade. The results showed that the optimal process parameters for this method were: extraction time of 56.5 min, ethanol concentration of 48.3% (vol) of ethanol/acetone solvent, and ratio of liquid to solid of 7. 9 ml·g^-1. The optimized chlorophylls extraction yield was 1.28%. The comparison experimental results indicated that the yield of chlorophylls by ultrasonic extraction was higher than that obtained from conventional solvent extraction.     

响应面法优化以重组大肠杆菌发酵生产类人胶原蛋白过程

In order to improve the production of human-like collagen Ⅲ (HLC Ⅲ) by fed-batch culture of recom-binant Escherichia coli BL21, the Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design were applied to optimize the fermen-tation process parameters.Three variables (induction time, inoculum age and pH), which have significant effects on HLC Ⅲ production, were selected from eight variables by Plackett-Burman design.With the regression coefficient analysis in the Box-Behnken design, a relationship between HLC Ⅲ production and three significant factors was obtained, and the optimum levels of the three variables were as follows: induction time 3.2h, inoculum age 12.6 h and pH 6.7.The 3D response surface plots and 2D contour plots created by the Box-Behnken design showed that the interaction between induction time and pH and that between innoculum age and pH were significant.An aver-age 9.68 g·L~(-1)HLC Ⅲ production was attained in the validation experiment under optimized condition, which was 80% higher than the yield of 5.36 g·L~(-1) before optimization.