串联流化床反应器冷态实验研究

为了解决攀枝花高钙、镁钛精矿采用电炉冶炼之后所得的高钛渣的直接氯化问题,进行了快速流化床-湍流床-快速流化床三级串联组成的串联流化床反应器的冷态研究.测定了流化床颗粒的速度和浓度分布,研究了固相的停留时间和流动形态,对快速流化床的流化速度、湍流床的轴向浓度分布进行了考察,比较了湍流床和沸腾床对同样强度颗粒的碾碎率,结果证明了湍流床具有较高的抗粘结能力.     

复合生物流化床流动特性研究

本文对具有导流简流化床与填料固定床相结合的复合生物流化床的床层流体力学特性、混合特性及传质特性进行了研究。复合床的流型可分为 PPBM,PFBM,PCBM,其中 PCBM 最适于流化操作,通过对不同固体颗粒的实验,对床层压降及摩擦因数、床层平均气含率、气泡下潜深度、液体的循环速率、床层混合特性及气-液传质系数进行了讨论和关联,并得出了相应的计算模型。     

温度对流化床反应器流动特性影响的实验研究

<正> 一、概 述 流化床反应器是化工部门常用的一种反应器,由于有许多优点而得到广泛使用。近年来,它作为干燥设备在化工,轻工和食品加工业中得到了广泛的使用。此外,它作为燃烧设备的流化床锅炉已成为锅炉的一个新的分支,并得到迅速发展。流化床反应器通常是在高温下或高于环境温度的状态下工作。流化床的床层温度(简称床温T_b)不同时,床层流动特性不同。这个问题以前没有引起足     

气-固循环流化床的流动特性

循环流化床是一种新型高效无气泡气-固反应器,应用广泛。文章首先介绍了气-固循环流化床的特点,总结了循环流化床上部区域的流动特性,并讨论了循环流化床底部区域的流动特性,最后展望了循环流化床流动特性研究的发展趋势。     

喷动—流化床流动特性的试验研究

分析了两种窄筛分Ｄ类颗粒在不同喷动－流化操作条件下的床层行为特征及床层总气流阻力，研究了平底型三维喷动－流化床内的气体流动模式，从而导出在固定床阶段床层总气流阻力的表达式，得出喷动－流化操作具有优越性的结论。     

循环流化床置换燃烧机理介绍及流动特性研究

介绍了一种基于循环流化床的动力系统方案——循环流化床置换燃烧。这种燃烧系统能在没有能量损失的前提下,将CO2从燃烧产物中分离出来。本文设计建立了一套燃煤循环流化床置换燃烧冷态实验系统,以此为研究对象,选择具有代表性的实验物料,利用测试系统取得多种信号参数,获得反应装置之间的气固流动特性,总结出一定的规律,为以后的热态实验以及进一步探索奠定基础。     

循环流化床置换燃烧机理介绍及流动特性研究

介绍了一种基于循环流化床的动力系统方案———循环流化床置换燃烧。这种燃烧系统能在没有能量损失的前提下,将CO2从燃烧产物中分离出来。本文设计建立了一套燃煤循环流化床置换燃烧冷态实验系统,以此为研究对象,选择具有代表性的实验物料,利用测试系统取得多种信号参数,获得反应装置之间的气固流动特性,总结出一定的规律,为以后的热态实验以及进一步探索奠定基础。     

循环流化床流体动力特性研究

循环流化床的设计和放大需要对其流动特性进行细致地研究,文章采用RSM模型对新型的双外循环流化床流场进行了三维的数值模拟,得到了在不同入射速度下的流化床主、副床的三维的速度分布、压强分布及湍流强度分布等,给出了主床在典型位置x方向的上分布图,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明,在不同入射速度下RSM模型数值模拟结果与实验结果符合均较好,模拟计算可以很好地反映流化床中真实的流动状况,可以用于反应过程的性能评价,为设备优化设计和相似放大提供依据。     

含内置过滤器的三相流化床流动特性探索

在含内置过滤器的三相流化床装置中,以空气、水、沙子三相为研究介质,对其过滤特性进行研究,考察了操作条件对过滤通量、反吹时间间隔、临界液速、最大液速的影响.结果表明:气速越大过滤通量越大;反吹时间间隔随液速增大明显减小,随气速增大而减小的慢;临界液速随气速增加而增大;最大液速随气速的增大而减小.     

搅拌流化床流化特性实验研究

对搅拌流化床中搅拌桨型式及搅拌速率等因素对流化特性影响规律进行了较细致的研究 ,发现对于任意搅拌桨 ,较低搅拌速度下即可消除沟流 ,对于消除节涌不同搅拌桨效果不同 ,其中多层平桨、内外单螺带搅拌桨和框式搅拌桨效果较好 ,对于 B类和 D类颗粒仍有一较宽的均一流化区。搅拌功率随通气速率升高而下降 ,在高气速下趋于稳定 ,功率及流化特性随气速变化曲线都可分为几段 ,且它们存在一定对应关系     

气固流化床中侧向射流穿透深度的研究

本文以小米和两种硅胶为物料，在314×25mm的二维射流流化床中，用摄像法研究侧向射流穿透深度，并得到了关联式，误差小于25％．当射流倾角变化范围不大、并忽略射流位置的影响时，可以得到简化公式，误差小于40％使用基于对流体模型的计算机程序进行模拟，分析了射流产生的机理，研究了射流气速、直径、倾角和位置对射流穿透深度的影响．模拟值和实验值较吻合．     

FCC细颗粒湍流流化床流体力学性能研究

ＦＣＣ细颗粒湍流流化床流体力学性能研究李俊，张蕴璧，闫遂宁（西安石油学院，西安７１００６１）（西北大学）（洛阳石化公司）关键词：流化床，湍流，气泡，空隙率１前言湍流流化床有着广泛的工业背景。湍流流化床反应器存在着物质空间分布的不均匀现象，这种分布对湍...     

循环复合流化床特性的研究

在直径２５０ｍｍ的循环复合流化床冷模试验装置上，研究了一、二次风速及循环率对流化床轴向浓度分布、物料停留时间的影响规律。可供设计及操作参考。     

STOCHASTIC BEHAVIOR OF FLUIDIZED PARTICLES IN A LIQUID-SOLID FLUIDIZED BED

In a liquid-solid fluidized bed, the apparently irregular or stochastic behavior of particles gives rise to various flow regimes depending on parameters such as the particle size, liquid flow rate, static bed height and axial position in the bed. It is highly plausible that this irregular behavior manifests itself as pressure fluctuations; thus, the effects of these parameters on the particle behavior or the particle flow regime were investigated through measurement and spectral analysis of the pressure fluctuations. The results indicate that the amplitude of pressure fluctuations exhibits a maximum and that the decay constant in the autocorrelation function attains its minimum at the intermediate liquid flow rate where the particle flow regime undergoes transition from the cluster circulation to the individual quasi random motion. The model composed of the periodic and stochastic components of pressure fluctuations, is in good accord with the experimental results in terms of both the autocorrelation and power spectral density functions.     

循环流化床锅炉快速床流体动力学结构研究

论述了快速床区流体动力学的结构，研究了快速床区纵向和横向悬浮密度分布的规律及相应的计算公式。对影响快速床区动力学结构的主要因素，如固体颗粒的循环率、气体速度等进行了试验研究，对循环流化床锅炉的设计和运行有一定的指导意义。     

流化床连续聚合反应器出料状态分析

研究了粗颗粒树脂加压流态化时气固混和物自由出料过程的物理模型，建立了出料气含率与流化床结构参数、操作条件之间的关系。计算表明出料气含率的理论预测值和测量值一致。运用此结论进一步计算了流化床乙烯聚合反应生产聚乙烯工业过程中乙烯的原料单耗值，为工业生产指标的分析计算提供了理论依据     

EFFECT OF OPERATING VARIABLES ON BED TO WALL HEAT TRANSFER IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

Heat transfer coefficients were measured for 227 and 87 micron size particles of silica sand in a 102 mm dia. and 5.5 m tall circulating fluidized bed made of plexiglass. Effects of solid circulation rate, fluidization velocity, bed density and particle sizes were studied. The heat transfer coefficients were calculated from the temperatures measured along the axis of a 25 mm dia 100 mm long cylindrical heat flux meter.     

EFFECT OF HIGH VOIDAGE ON MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN A FLUIDIZED BED

Experiments were carried out to determine the gas-solid mass transfer coefficient for the air-naphthalene system under fast-fluidized conditions. The data were obtained under conditions of high voidage (as high as 98%) and high gas velocities (0·5 m/s-2·2 m/s). The results indicate that the correlation for the mass-transfer coefficient in a gas-solid fluidized bed under low voidage conditions established by previous investigators can be extended to the fast fluidization regime. Significantly lower mass transfer coefficients were, however, obtained under high voidage compared to low voidage conditions.     

STUDIES OF STEAM DRYING IN A FLUIDIZED BED

In general, drying processes are described by the quantity of air humidity of the exiting gases. This approach is not possible however by the drying medium of water in steam drying, since the air humidity naturally possesses a constant value of 100%. This paper presents a model which represents the drying processes on the basis of the observation of temperature profiles of the material and energetic balancing of all components involved as well as the wall of the apparatus. The modeling differentiates three intervals: the condensation phase, the 1st drying period and the 2nd drying period. In addition, a validation of the model on the basis of experiments in an experimental plant DN100 belonging to the university is dealt with. The satisfying concurrence of the theoretical and practical results shows that, with the help of the theoretical model, discontinuous steam drying processes can be theoretically described with sufficient accuracy.     

THE EFFECT OF RADIAL DISTRIBUTION OF VOIDAGE ON THE BURNING RATE OF A CARBON SPHERE IN A FLUIDIZED BED

The local void around a sphere in a packed bed or in the emulsion phase of a fluidized bed has been calculated theoretically; and measured as a function of the radial distance from the centre of the sphere. Effects of this distribution on the burning rate and Sherwood number have been investigated for two types of bed e.g. where inerts are of the same size as the carbon particle and where the inerts are smaller than the carbon particle. Even though the present analysis studies the effect on the diffusive component of the mass transfer alone, the results suggest that the distribution of voidage will yield Sherwood numbers higher than that calculated from the constant voidage assumption. The voidage distribution explains the increase in burning rate of carbon with increasing size of the inerts.