共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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褶皱变形是柔性薄膜结构的一种常见的失稳模式,其数值模拟具有挑战性。基于连续体和张力场理论,提出了一种适用于充气薄膜结构褶皱分析的互补共旋有限元方法。采用共旋坐标法,将物体的大变形分解为结构整体坐标系下的刚体运动和单元局部坐标系下小应变变形,推导了一个空间三节点三角形膜单元的切线刚度矩阵。该刚度矩阵包含材料刚度、旋转刚度和平衡投影刚度矩阵三个部分,涵盖了随动载荷对单元刚度的影响。在单元局部坐标系下,依据双模量材料本构关系构造了一个褶皱模型,能够判断单元处于“张紧”“褶皱”或“松弛”状态。进一步通过建立等价的线性互补问题,消除了迭代求解过程中的内力振荡,改善了算法的稳定性。数值算例表明:该文方法能够准确地预测充气薄膜结构的位移、应力以及褶皱区域。较之已有的“拟动态”和“惩罚”方法,该方法不需要引入额外的求解技术来保证收敛,具有良好的稳定性。 相似文献
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针对重载轮胎大扁平比结构建模问题,从动力学建模、实验模态分析、结构参数辨识等方面,基于解析弹性基础的欧拉梁模型,对重载轮胎的柔性胎体和大扁平比胎侧曲梁的低频动力学特性开展研究,建立了考虑充气预紧力的欧拉梁胎体模型,利用实验模态方法,探究了不同充气压力下的柔性胎体振动特性;考虑胎侧曲梁预紧力弦效应和结构弯曲效应,建立了大扁平比胎侧曲梁解析刚度模型;基于模态测试结果,进行柔性胎体与解析胎侧结构参数辨识。研究结果表明:在0~180 Hz频率范围内,重载轮胎以结构周向弯曲振动为主,可利用基于弹性基础的柔性梁模型表征;大扁平比胎侧曲梁的解析刚度与胎侧的几何、结构和充气压力参数直接相关;轮胎充气压力影响柔性胎体梁的轴向预紧力和胎侧的弦刚度,进而影响轮胎弯曲振动特性。 相似文献
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由于土木工程结构的复杂性、传感器测点的有限性以及局部损伤的不敏感性等问题,大型结构的模型修正存在一定困难。针对空间桁架结构,为克服上述问题,对其进行整体和局部的动力测试试验,然后联合实测的结构整体和局部动态信息进行模型修正:首先进行空间桁架整体的动力测试试验,获得反应整体特性的低阶模态;然后为了提高局部杆件的动态特性,在杆件上附加一定质量,获得附加质量后杆件的局部主频率,并在各类杆件中选取一定数目进行动态测试;最后联合所有实测结构整体的低阶模态和杆件的局部主频率,对空间桁架结构进行模型修正。修正后的模态参数与实测模态吻合良好,验证了方法的有效性。 相似文献
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视频测量技术通过摄像机记录被测结构的振动过程,采用图像处理方法实现对结构上测点的多目标跟踪,具备全场非接触、测试过程简便、测量精度高等突出优点。基于摄像机成像模型,采用光束法平差提取出结构测点三维方向位移振动信息,每个测点等效于一个三轴"微位移传感器",对多测点目标跟踪可视为多通道同步数据采集。对摄像机成像系统进行校准,依照结构形状特性分布测点,由结构静止时各测点的空间位置构建出测试结构的几何模型,进行视频采集和多目标跟踪获取各测点动态响应数据,采用运行状态模态分析方法,识别出被测结构的固有模态参数。基于视频测量实现了测试结构几何建模和信号采集,并与模态分析软件紧密结合,形成了完整的视频采集与分析系统,具备良好的空间域展现能力,特别适用于柔性低频结构的动态测试与分析。以轻质风扇叶片、若干树叶等结构为对象进行实验研究,验证了该技术和方法的有效性。 相似文献
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对2个高阻尼黏弹性阻尼器进行不同应变幅值、加载频率下的力学性能试验和疲劳性能试验,研究试件在不同工况下的最大剪应力、存储剪切模量、损耗剪切模量和等效黏滞阻尼比等力学性能及其变化规律,提出五单元模型模拟黏弹性阻尼器的滞回性能。研究结果表明:黏弹性阻尼器滞回曲线饱满、稳定,具有较高的等效黏滞阻尼比,表现出良好的变形性能和耗能能力;黏弹性阻尼器力学性能与应变幅值的相关性明显,与加载频率相关性较小,抗疲劳性能较好;五单元模型模拟的滞回曲线与试验滞回曲线吻合良好。 相似文献
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In actual operation of a gas face seal, its stator ring’s ability to track its rotating seal ring’s axial endplay and angle swing (i. e. , its tracking property) is crucial, its excellent tracking property can reduce the influence of external disturbances on the seal stability. Here, a gas face seal assembly was simplified into a spring-damper-mass system. Using the perturbation method based on the linearization, the gas film dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients were solved. Then, the effect laws of stiffness and damping of spring and secondary seal on the tracking property of gas face seal were investigated. Gas face seals had three different end face structures including dynamic pressure one, hydrostatic pressure one and dynamic-hydrostatic pressure hybrid one. Results showed that the three types of seal possess perfect axial and angular tracking properties when stiffness and damping are less than a certain order of magnitude; with increase in stiffness and damping, the tracking property of gas face seal becomes poorer; under the same conditions, the dynamic pressure gas face seal has the best tracking property, followed by the dynamic-hydrostatic pressure hybrid one, and the last is the hydrostatic pressure one. 相似文献
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Recently, the development of shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators, in the forms of wire, thin film and stent have been found increasingly in the fields of materials science and smart structures and engineering. The increase in attraction for using these materials is due to their many unique materials, mechanical, thermal and thermal-mechanical properties, which in turn, evolve their subsequent shape memory, pseudo-elasticity and super-elasticity properties. In this paper, a common type of SMA actuator, Nitinol wires, were embedded into advanced composite structures to modulate the structural dynamic responses, in terms of natural frequency and damping ratio by using its shape memory and pseudo-elastic properties. A simple theoretical model is introduced to estimate the natural frequency of the structures before and after actuating the embedded SMA wires. The damping ratios of different SMA composite beams were measured through experimental approaches. The natural frequencies changed slightly at a temperature above the austenite finish temperature of composite beams with embedded non-prestrained SMA wires. However, the increase of the natural frequencies of the beams with embedded prestrained SMA wires were found in both the theoretical prediction and experimental measurements. The damping ratios of SMA composite beams increased with increasing the temperature of the embedded wires with and without being pre-strained. Compressive and local failures of the beams with high wire content are a possible explanation. 相似文献
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The primary objective of this study was to conduct constitutive tests of relatively large diameter inflatable, braided fabric tubes at different inflation pressures and braid angles in order to quantify the longitudinal modulus, in‐plane shear modulus and effective lamina stiffness properties. The stiffness properties quantified here are of high interest because the same braided fabric tubes have been used in the construction of test articles for a major, multi‐year, ground based test campaign led by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration. These properties are also input directly into high‐fidelity yet computationally intensive 3D shell‐based finite‐element simulations of the large, inflatable structures. Experimental methods employed during this study included tension–torsion testing, uniaxial tension testing of individual fibre tows, and uniaxial tension testing of gas bladder coupons. Digital image correlation was used to measure all of the geometric information that is necessary to perform netting theory calculations. The test results indicate that fabric in‐plane shear modulus is highly dependent on both braid angle and inflation pressure, but that longitudinal stiffness is quite small and relatively unaffected by braid angle and pressure. In addition to advancing the state‐of‐the art in experimental constitutive property determination of inflatable, braided fabric, this study includes the development of a method to back calculate lamina properties from the experimental results that are suitable for use as input to commonly used finite‐element programmes. The digital image correlation data revealed spatial variation of shear strain that was important to consider when computing the gross shear stiffness. Digital image correlation data also captured the braid surface flattening with increasing inflation pressure, which supports the fibre de‐crimping theory. 相似文献
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针对传统约束阻尼结构振动能耗散有限问题,引入“层间过渡层”设计的概念,提出一种层间过渡约束阻尼结构,采用分布参数传递函数法对该结构进行了动力响应分析。经推导,得到了阻尼结构的各阶损耗因子和频率的解析解,并进行了有限元仿真验证,二者计算结果吻合良好。以悬臂阻尼板为例,探讨了过渡层参数行为对其频响特性的影响,结果表明,在结构振动时,过渡层可将变形传递给阻尼层,起到放大阻尼层的剪切变形作用,从而耗散更多的振动能量;同时还讨论了过渡层的厚度、剪切模量、密度与泊松比对结构固有频率和损耗因子的影响,为进一步优化工作打下了良好基础。 相似文献
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原子力显微镜(Atomic Force Microscope, AFM)在轻敲模式下工作时,随着探针针尖与样品距离的逐渐减小,空气压膜阻尼的作用随之增大。为研究压膜阻尼对原子力显微镜振动系统的影响,分别使用无针尖探针和微球针尖探针进行扫频实验,并基于振动理论将该过程简化,得到了两种不同的振动模型的系统刚度。在考虑压膜阻尼作用影响后,将微球针尖振动系统模型进一步简化为一维振子模型,并对压膜阻尼的影响进行讨论。实验表明空气压膜阻尼模型对于探针样品在微尺度下的作用过程是准确合理的。该结果对原子力显微镜轻敲模式研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为研究铝合金蜂窝夹层板水下爆炸冲击波载荷作用的动态响应及抗冲击性能,利用非药式水下爆炸冲击波加载装置对气背固支5A06铝合金夹层板及具有相同面密度的单层板进行水下冲击波加载试验。利用高速相机结合三维数字散斑技术(DIC)对夹层板后面板动态响应进行实时测量,获得夹层板气背面受水下冲击波作用的动态响应历程及变形毁伤模式,比较分析铝合金蜂窝夹层板抗冲击防护性能。结果表明,较相同面密度的单层板,蜂窝夹层板受水下冲击波载荷作用的芯层压缩能有效减少气背面板的塑性变形,提高夹层结构整体抗冲击性能。 相似文献
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空间充气膨胀展开结构的可控刚化技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
刚化技术是空间充气膨胀展开结构的一项关键技术。Adherent Technologies有限公司的技术人员首次提出了“可控刚化”(Rigidization On Command—ROC)技术概念,利用此技术ILC Dover公司制造了空间充气膨胀展开结构的示范支撑管件。和传统的刚化技术相比可控刚化技术有许多优点,此技术可控、清洁,适用于空间的特殊环境。作者对空间充气膨胀展开结构刚化技术、可控刚化技术、可控刚化技术所用材料和紫外光(UV)固化复合材料进行了简单介绍。可控刚化技术可靠性高,固化后复合材料的机械性能好,为空间充气可膨胀展开结构提供一种急需的刚化技术,能满足充气膨胀展开结构多项任务的需要。 相似文献