心肌细胞电位传感器在海洋生物毒素检测中的研究

目前海洋毒素对人类健康的威胁越加严重,尤其是麻痹性毒素。提出了一种基于细胞电位传感器检测贝类的生物毒性的新方法,采用心肌细胞与微电子加工技术的微阵列芯片（MEA）相结合,构建了新型的心肌细胞电位传感器。通过心肌细胞与MEA芯片的紧密耦合,实现了实时监测心肌细胞电位的变化,输出稳定和一致性好的胞外场电位信号。通过检测海洋中危害较大的石房蛤麻痹性毒素（STX）,分析细胞的信号特征参数,实验结果表明,STX毒素对心肌细胞的电生理活动有明显的抑制作用,对脉冲幅值和脉冲频率有明显的浓度依赖性抑制作用。常规标准的生物毒性检测方法小鼠生物法的检出限为40 g/100 g,而心肌细胞电位传感器可检测的下限为1.004 ng/mL,检测范围为25 nmol/L~1600 nmol/L,通过对比表明该方法具有较好的检出限且检测方法相对简单,易于规范化和标准化。通过进一步的完善,该方法在海洋毒素的快速检测应用方面具有良好的发展前景。     

基于移动终端的麻痹性贝类毒素现场快速检测系统设计

为实现食品中毒素的现场快速检测,设计了一种基于移动终端的麻痹性贝类毒素现场高通量快速检测系统.采用PSP试剂盒对毒素进行显色反应,实现了一定浓度范围内的毒素检测;采用暗室结构,配合面光源透射,提供了稳定的检测环境;采用具有较高像素摄像头的移动终端对反应结果进行采集和处理,实现了检测结果的精确分析和高效交互.以实际样品作为对象进行了系统的功能测试,并与商用酶标仪的结果进行了对比,证明该系统能够较为准确地测得样品中麻痹性毒素的浓度,且检测速度较快,灵敏度较高.结果表明,本系统操作简单,且具有较高的灵敏度、检测速度和通量,能在现场实现麻痹性贝类毒素的快速检测,为食品安全评估提供了一种高效的初筛手段.     

贝类腹泻性毒素现场高通量前处理及快速检测仪器设计

为实现贝类腹泻性毒素的现场快速检测,本论文设计了一种现场高通量前处理装置及基于移动终端的快速检测系统。通过使用酶联免疫反应技术对腹泻性贝毒进行显色反应,结合基于移动终端的快速检测装置,采集显色反应结果图像,实现准确快速的检测结果分析。采用所设计的前处理装置与实验室手工前处理标准方法对比,其回收率分别为89％和93％,结果表明,本文设计的前处理装置能够满足现场检测分析的需求。通过加标样品检测,采用移动终端的快速检测系统测量标准差为0.13,平均回收率89.5％。实验结果表明,该检测系统的准确性和重复性满足实际检测的需求。最后,针对实际样品,与酶标仪检测结果相比较,表明了所设计的现场高通量前处理装置及快速检测系统能达到对贝类腹泻性毒素现场快速精确检测,为贝类腹泻性毒素现场检测提供了新的方法和仪器。     

基于CCD的胶体金试纸条光电检测仪器设计及实验研究

为了将农残检测的胶体金试纸条检测结果数值化,设计了基于线阵CCD的光电检测仪器,用其进行现场检测。仪器设计包括光路和电路部分,其中电路部分使用FIFO芯片进行数据缓存,有效降低了开发成本;采用自动定位插槽的定位装置,用于提高检测目标定位的准确度。实验测定了系统的工作曲线及参数,精度可达1ng/mL,线性范围为1~20ng/mL,符合农残检测范围。     

盐酸克伦特罗试纸数字化检测仪的设计

[目的]设计袖珍式读条仪,以提升试纸条的检测性能。[方法]利用图像传感器和数字处理器制作袖珍式读条仪,根据试纸条中形成的条纹图像的灰度值与标记的金颗粒数成正比,从而建立灰度值与待测物含量一一对应的关系。[结果]利用该读条仪在盐酸克伦特罗含量从0-100ng/ml区间判读,不仅可将结果分为阳性(3ng/ml)和阴性(0或3ng/ml),还能读出含量的具体数值。[结论]该袖珍读条仪判读可应用于现场,能将试纸条的检测性能由定性提高为定量。     

基于纳米金、铁氰化镍纳米颗粒共修饰的电流型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器的研究

该文通过铁氰化镍纳米颗粒和纳米金之间的化学作用及强的吸附作用,利用纳米金良好的生物兼容性和强烈的吸附作用固定甲胎蛋白抗体,最后用牛血清白蛋白封闭非特异性吸附位点,从而制备了一种新型的用于检测甲胎蛋白的电流型免疫传感器.在优化条件下,该传感器分别在1.0到10.0ng/mL和10.0到200.0 ng/mL两个浓度范围内对甲胎蛋白展示了良好的线性响应关系,检出限为0.2 ng/mL.     

基于光源调制技术的金标试纸条定量分析仪器

基于光电检测原理,研发了一套可用于金标免疫试纸条定量检测的分析仪器。采用绿光发光二极管(LED)作为发射光源,以光电二极管接收试纸条反射光,并通过步进电机带动检测系统扫描试纸条待检区域。系统采用光源信号的调制与接收信号的解调技术,以消除环境干扰噪声。实验结果表明,该仪器检测结果准确,与真实值之间误差<1%;稳定性高,变异系数CV<2%。     

胶体金喷膜仪的设计与开发

胶体金免疫层析试纸条以其快速、便捷、不需要特殊设备、结果判断直观等优点,逐渐受到人们的重视.针对胶体金免疫层析试纸条生产过程中的喷金工艺要求,设计了一套基于单片机控制系统的胶体金喷膜设备.通过对喷金量、喷金范围等参数的控制,实现了对胶体金免疫层析试纸条定量、均匀、自动的喷金操作.试验证明,该设备操作简单方便、性能稳定、精度可靠,适用于胶体金免疫层析试纸条的科研机构以及中小型研发和生产企业.     

基于蓝光光盘技术的黄曲霉毒素B1快速定量检测

提出了基于蓝光光盘（Blu-ray disc, BD）技术和间接竞争免疫反应原理的黄曲霉毒素B1（Aflatoxin B1,AFB1）的定量检测方法。文中采用NaOH溶液活化水解BD表面使生物分子固定在其表面,并结合二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）微流控通道制备间接竞争免疫检测结构,通过纳米金标记/银染技术增强信号,利用标准光驱结合光盘数据质量诊断软件（PlexUtilities）分析光盘上反应条带的错误数与AFB1浓度之间的关系,实现了对AFB1的定量检测。同ELISA的检测结果进行对比,二者结果基本一致。该方法检测限达到0.5 ng/mL,检测范围为0.5~200 ng/mL,满足我国国标对食品中AFB1的限定标准。     

基于细胞阻抗传感器的腹泻性毒素检测系统设计与实现

针对海洋水产品腹泻性毒素检测问题,设计了一种新型的基于细胞阻抗传感器(ECIS)的毒素快速检测分析系统。相对于传统的毒素检测方法,该系统具有操作简便,高一致性和高通量等特点。介绍了系统的硬件设计和软件设计,通过对系统整体性能测试以及使用神经母细胞瘤细胞(Neuro-2a)对腹泻性贝毒(DSP)大田软海绵酸(OA)进行毒性检测实验,用以验证系统平台的可行性。实验结果表明,基于细胞传感器的海洋水产品腹泻性毒性检测系统具备快速,长期,无损和高通量测量的特点,为腹泻性毒素检测提供了新的平台。     

赤潮毒素大田软海绵酸表面等离子共振免疫检测方法研究

结合表面等离子体共振技术与免疫检测技术,研究和建立了一种响应速度快、免标记、低成本新型海洋赤潮毒素大田软海绵酸检测方法.基于SpreetaTM传感器构建了小型表面等离子共振免疫检测系统,采用共价偶联方法在传感器金膜表面修饰大田软海绵酸-牛血清蛋白抗原作为生物敏感膜;测得该方法相对标准偏差为1.51％ (n=12),定量...     

Applications and perspectives on microfluidic technologies in ships and marine engineering: a review

More than 71% of the earth’s surface area is occupied by ocean, and the shipping has become one of the most common forms of transportation. There are many applications for rapid on-site detection in ships and marine engineering in general. However, owing to the limited space and environmental conditions, large-scale laboratory equipment cannot be utilized on ships and offline examination methods cannot meet the needs for rapid detection and analysis of problems. Microfluidic technologies provide an excellent platform where various biological and chemical reactions can be completed on very small microfluidic chips. The combination of microfluidic technologies and ship and marine engineering will have important theoretical significance and practical value. These applications mainly include ballast water analysis, lubricating oil analysis, monitoring oil spill, ship exhaust gas detection and ship sewage detection. Therefore, in this paper, we have summarized the current applications of microfluidic technologies in ships and marine engineering and suggested prospects for the potential research directions in the future.     

Augmented reality supporting user-centric building information management

The rapid development of geo-referenced information changed the way on how we access and interlink data. Smartphones as enabling devices for information access are main driving factor. Thus, the hash key to information is the actual position registered via camera and sensory of the mobile device. A rising technology in this context is Augmented Reality (AR) as its fuses the real world captured with the smartphone camera with geo-referenced data. The technological building blocks analyse the intrinsic sensor data (camera, GPS, inertial) to derive a detailed pose of the smartphone aiming to align geo-referenced information to our real environment. In particular, this is interesting to applications where 3D models are used in planning and organization processes as, e.g., facility management. Here, Building Information Models (BIM) were established in order to hold “as built” information, but also to manage the vast amount of additional information coming with the design, such as building components, properties, maintenance logs, documentation, etc. One challenge is to enable stakeholders involved in the overall building lifecycle to get mobile access to the management system within on-site inspections and to automatise feedback of newly generated information into the BIM. This paper describes a new AR framework that offers on-site access to BIM information and user centric annotation mechanism.     

基于金属—有机骨架材料的C反应蛋白传感器研制

在常温下合成了Au纳米颗粒负载的超纳米结构金属有机骨架化合物(Au NPs/SNHKUST—1),并以其为标记材料标记C反应蛋白抗体.同时合成了中空状石墨烯纳米材料和Au纳米颗粒作为固定基质,制备了夹心型的C反应蛋白免疫传感器.通过检测标记物对H2 O2还原反应的催化电流,实现了对C反应蛋白的定量测定.传感器在C反应蛋白浓度为0.2~200 ng/mL的范围内线性良好的,线性相关系数R2=0.9947,检测下限为0.05 ng/mL,为C反应蛋白测定提供了一种新的简单快速的检测方法.     

A developed competitive immunoassay based on impedance measurements for methamphetamine detection

In this study, an electro-microchip was successfully used to detect the impedance signals of various methamphetamine (MET) concentrations based on the developed competitive immunoassay method. MET is a commonly used drug often abused by drug addicts and can cause irregular behavior; therefore, MET concentration detection is important for quantitative analysis. In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were introduced into an electro-microchip through the specific binding of antibodies, thus constructing a bridge between two electrodes and allowing electrons to move between them. The decreasing impedance value can be easily measured with a commercial LCR meter. According to the collected measurements, a significant difference was observed in impedance signals after 13?min when MET concentrations were reduced. Additionally, a clear, distinguished impedance (a steep slope for both impedance and MET concentration) in the frequency effect (100?Hz?C1?MHz) was observed at 100?Hz. When the concentration of the anti-MET antibody?Ccolloidal gold conjugates was diluted 100×, the detectable limit for MET concentration was 1?ng/mL with 0.5???g/mL of BSA?CMET conjugate. Therefore, the developed electro-microchip is advantageous because it is effective with small sample volumes (30???L), is a form of rapid quantitative measurement, and works with smaller detectable concentrations than other existing commercial detection products which have the best limit of detection of 100?ng/mL.     

A disposable electrochemical immunofiltration test strip for rapid detection of α-fetoprotein

A disposable electrochemical immunofiltration test strip for the rapid detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP) was developed. The test strip was constructed by assembly of screen-printed carbon electrodes, absorption-water pad, nitrocellulose membrane modified by anti-AFP antibody and glass fiber membrane conjugated with ferrocene monocarboxylic acid (FC) labeling AFP. The analytical system utilizes flow-through immunofiltration and competitive immunoassay techniques in combination with an amperometric sensor. The parameters affecting the immunoassay such as selection of filter membrane, membrane pore-size, and antibody binding capacity were investigated and optimized. The immunofiltration system allows us to specifically and directly detect AFP in serum with a low detection limit of 6 ng/mL. The working range is from 6 to 500 ng/mL with an overall analysis time of 5 min for one sample. This electrochemical immunoassay system enabled us to construct a novel point-of-care testing device for the monitoring of biomarker including AFP.     

制浆材近红外光谱在线检测系统设计

针对制浆木材原料主要理化指标现场快速检测的需要,以微型近红外光纤光谱仪为基础,设计了一套制浆材在线检测系统。该系统由制浆材光谱采集平台、光谱仪测控软件和光谱数据分析及管理软件三个部分组成。其中测控软件独立编译,光谱仪的通信接口函数模块化封装,以提高对不同型号近红外光谱仪的通用性,便于在实际生产中推广应用。通过实验模拟制浆生产过程检测表明,系统运行稳定、快速,检测结果达到工业质量控制要求,为制浆材在线快速检测提供了一种可行的解决方案。     

基于细粒度数据的智能手机续航时间预测模型

如今,智能手机已成为人们日常生活中重要的组成部分.然而,在智能手机软硬件能力高速发展的同时,智能手机的电池能力却未能取得突破性的进展.这导致电池的续航能力经常会成为用户使用智能手机时的体验瓶颈.为了提高用户使用体验的优良感受,一种可行的方法是为用户提供电池续航时间预测.准确的电池续航时间预测能够帮助用户更加高效地规划其...