Y-TZP/Al_2O_3超细粉末的研究

用共沉淀法制备了3mol％Y_2O_3-ZrO_2-20Wt％Al_2O_3超细粉末。利用热分析、X射线、粒度分析仪、透射电镜和扫描电镜等研究了粉末的性能。实验结果表明:制备的粉末组分均匀,颗粒粒度为10nm,粒度分布窄,团聚体尺寸小,烧结活性高。粉末的相组成为t-ZrO_2。烧结体显微结构致密细晶,具有优异的力学性能。     

激光诱导化学气相沉积制备SiC Si3n4超细粉末

利用CWCO_2激光来加热SiH_4和C_2H_4、SiH_4和NH_3的混和气体,使SiH_4和C_2H_4、SiH_4和NH_3发生化学反应,从而得到SiC、Si_3N_4超细粉末.本文所制备的SiC、Si_3N_4超细粉末平均粒径分别为15nm、17nm,并具有颗粒大小均匀、呈球状、分散性较好、纯度高等优点.X射线衍射分析表明SiC、Si_3N_4超细粉末呈非晶态结构.     

氢氧化锆干凝胶团聚结构及氧化锆超细粉末表面粗糙度的分形研究

用小角度X射线散射测量氢氧化锆干凝胶的团聚结构及氧化锆超细粉末的表面粗糙度。结果表明,氢氧化锆干凝胶团聚体具有分形结构,其分形维数与胶体的沉淀工艺条件有关。氧化锆超细粉末具有分形表面特征,其表面分形维数,即表面粗糙程度,与粉末的制备工艺条件有关。     

超细氢氧化铝粉末的制备及其阻燃性能

介绍了以硝酸铝、氢氧化钠为原料,用室温固相法制备了超细粉末氢氧化铝,并运用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、粒度分析仪及电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪对超细粉末进行了分析和表征;并将超细氢氧化铝和普通氢氧化铝在氯化丁基橡胶（CIIR）中作为阻燃剂进行对比实验。结果表明：此方案可行,纯度较好,应用在氯化丁基橡胶中的阻燃性有一定的提高。     

亚硫酸钠还原法制备氧化亚铜工艺优化研究

采用优化试验方法,通过对亚硫酸钠还原法制备超细Cu_2O粉末的工艺路线优化,获得了不添加表面活性剂情况下高纯Cu_2O制备工艺参数。利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜等对最优工艺参数条件下制备的样品进行了表征。结果表明,未添加表面活性剂的最优试验条件下制备Cu_2O的粒径为2μm左右、含量为99.3%,样品中Cu_2O、杂质等含量均优于HG2961-2010标准中优等品的要求。     

硬质合金WC—Co超细粉末的制备研究

以钨酸盐和钴盐为原料，采用化学沉淀法制备了出分散性好的钨－钴化合物超细粉末。以该粉末为原料，在Ｈ２和含碳气体条件下，采用低温连续还原碳化工艺制备出了平均粒度为０．１μｍ左右、主相含量为ＷＣ－２３％Ｃｏ（以质量计，下同）且游离碳少于０．１％的ＷＣ－Ｃｏ复合粉末。借助ＴＥＭ，ＸＲＤ和化学分析等手段研究了粉末的粒度和化学组成，探讨了影响Ｗ－Ｃｏ化合物粉末和超细ＷＣ－Ｃｏ复合粉末制备的关键工艺参数。     

硬质合金WC－Co超细粉末的制备研究

以钨酸盐和钴盐为原料，采用化学沉淀法制备出了分散性好的钨-钴化合物超细粉末。以该粉末为原料，在Ｈ２和 含碳气体条件下，采用低温连续还原碳化工艺制备出了平均粒度为０．１ｕｍ左右、主相含量为ＷＣ－２３％Ｃ０（以质量计，下同）且游离碳少于０．１％的ＷＣ－Ｃｏ复台粉未。借助ＴＥＭ， ＸＲＤ和化学分析等手段研究了粉末的粒度和化学组成，探讨了影响Ｗ－Ｃｏ化合物粉末和超细ＷＣ－Ｃｏ复合粉末制备的关键工艺参数。     

金刚石工具用Ni-Co合金粉末的制备及表征

在金刚石工具领域,纯钴基以及钴基金刚石工具具有优良的使用性能,但钴价格很高,使纯钴基以及钴基金刚石工具的使用受到了限制,所以代钴研究具有重大的实际意义.镍和钴同属于过渡族元素,两者物理和化学性质非常接近,故镍代钴有一定的可行性.采用草酸盐共沉淀法得到前驱体,然后将前驱体煅烧还原的工艺制得Ni-Co预合金粉末;对前驱体进行了X射线、热(差热和热重)分析,结果表明,通过共沉淀法得到的前驱体是固溶体;对预合金粉末进行了性能表征,所制得的Ni-Co预合金粉末氧含量低,形貌近似球形,粒度均匀;通过共沉淀反应前的成分设计,可制备出成分含量连续变化的预合金粉末;通过改变制备工艺参数,可制取不同粒径的粉末.本实验的粉末成分设计是70Ni-30Co(wt%).     

磁性生物活性陶瓷的制备

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备前驱体,经高温烧结制备出磁性生物活性陶瓷。利用体外实验方法,结合X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱分析了材料结构、晶相和生物活性。结果显示,溶胶-凝胶法可制备出微细的非晶态前驱体粉末,经1 050℃烧结的玻璃陶瓷主晶相为β-硅灰石和铁酸钴、磷硅灰石。陶瓷粉末平均粒径为300 nm。烧结的材料在模拟人体血浆浓度的模拟体液中浸泡7 d,在材料表面可生成大量磷灰石,显示出较好的生物活性。     

单分散球形镍粉的制备与表征

采用液相化学还原法,以硫酸镍为原料、水合肼为还原剂、氢氧化钠为pH值调节剂制备了超细镍粉,并利用粉末X射线衍射、扫描电镜、热重和X射线光电子能谱对其进行了表征. 实验结果表明,所制粉末为面心立方(fcc)晶型、颗粒粒径范围约100~400 nm、纯度高、分散性好的球状镍粉,并获得优化工艺条件：[Ni2+]=0.35 mol/L, [NaOH]/[Ni2+]=2.5, [N2H4]/[Ni2+]=4.0,反应温度80℃. 镍离子初始浓度决定产品二次颗粒大小,反应温度决定体系的反应速率,氢氧化钠和水合肼用量直接影响所得镍粉的还原率.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.