卫星编队飞行的鲁棒自适应控制方法

研究了主从式框架下编队飞行的相对控制问题.首先推导了描述主从星相对运动的完整非线性动力学模型, 利用完整模型的无摄动形式提出了最优参考轨迹生成问题,并应用高斯伪谱法将此问题转换成非线性规划问题,使其可以数值求解; 基于Lyapunov 方法设计了闭环系统的鲁棒自适应控制器,在存在未知干扰、未知主星轨道参数与控制以及未知从星质量的情况下, 仅利用相对状态测量即能够保证闭环系统的参考轨迹跟踪误差和参数估计误差全局一致最终有界,并证明了跟踪误差的最终界可以 通过选取合理的控制器参数使其任意小;最后给出了具体的仿真场景验证了本文主要结果的有效性.     

伪卫星协同编队控制与仿真

为保持4颗编队伪卫星的最佳几何布局,设计了一种综合自适应神经网络编队控制器,利用李亚普诺夫稳定性理论证明了“长机-僚机”方式的两机编队系统的稳定性。以两机编队为单元,根据相对位置和参考坐标系统,采用综合自适应神经网络结构对伪卫星系统进行分布式协同编队控制,使系统快速跟踪指令并保持最佳编队队形。对以无人机为平台的4颗伪卫星编队进行仿真,结果表明僚机能够快速跟随长机飞行并保持最佳编队队形,证明该编队控制器具有良好的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

挠性卫星姿态跟踪自适应L2增益控制

针对在轨挠性卫星姿态跟踪时存在参数不确定、外部干扰以及控制输入受限等问题,提出了一种自适应L2增益控制方法.首先利用神经网络来逼近系统中的未知非线性动态特性,设计自适应控制律来处理系统中的不确定参数:其次设计了一鲁棒控制器使得干扰力矩对系统性能输出具有L2增益,从而实现对干扰的抑制控制.最后通过引入附加的输入误差系统,...     

小卫星编队飞行姿态协同控制及仿真

针对具体的对地定向三星编队成像高度计的姿态协同控制问题,基于四元素方法进行了姿态控制系统设计和数字仿真研究.首先定义了坐标系及姿态误差变量.接着设计了一种非线性姿态跟踪控制器,并运用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了该控制律的全局稳定性.最后通过基于Matlab的数值仿真和基于STK的可视化,进一步验证了该控制律的稳定性和有效性.数值仿真结果表明利用这种方法可以保证编队中的从星时刻跟踪目标姿态.也就是能够实现合成孔径干涉测量的任务目标.     

全状态参数最优控制的鲁棒自适应励磁控制

在backstepping励磁设计中,虚拟控制函数的参数缺乏最优约束,为了克服此不足,通过坐标变换得到了新的励磁系统动态模型和参数替换律,结合反馈线性化和最优控制策略,在不确定参数和外部干扰两种条件下,给出了具有全状态参数最优控制的鲁棒自适应励磁控制设计方法.为了验证所提方法的正确性,以具体军用电站励磁系统模型为例,进行了仿真实验.仿真结果表明该方法在保证系统鲁棒稳定性和L2增益干扰抑制的同时,可明显提高状态参数的收敛速度和优化控制能力.     

一类带有自适应的H∞状态反馈控制

H∞控制做为一种已经相当成熟的理论,已经有了系统的解决方案,从Riccati方法到LMI方法.我们都可以通过Matlab工具箱方便的求得H∞控制器.注意到：这些方法得到的控制器增益都是定常的,这样的控制器虽然在工程实践中易于实现,但是就H∞控制的出发点,即干扰抑制问题本身而言,定常增益的控制器却不是必须的,本文提出了一种在原有的定常控制器基础上加入自适应项的控制器结构,经过理论分析,得出这样的控制器可以使得闭环系统具有更为优越的干扰抑制性能,文中同时给出了一个数值例子来显示该方法的有效性和优越之处.     

基于控制受限的机器人鲁棒自适应位置调节

针对实际的控制系统中输入为有界的情况,研究了机器人系统存在未知参数以及外界干扰时的位置调节问题.基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,通过构造存储函数的过程中引入双曲正切函数向量和适当的辅助函数向量,提出了一种有界的鲁棒自适应控制器.所提出的控制器不仅保证了闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性,同时也满足了从干扰信号到跟踪误差评价信号所定义的增益性能指标,即保证了干扰抑制的有效性.最后,由两连杆机器人进行的仿真结果验证了该控制器的可行性.     

输入受限系统的多模型自适应控制

针对时不变或含跳变参数的时变被控对象建立多外模型,并构成多建模型输入受限控制器。每个采样时刻基于性能指标,选择与被控对象最接近的模型,将基于此模型的控制器切换为当前控制器。多模型控制器可对时不变被控对象或含跳变参数的时变被控对象,在保证输入输入稳定的同时迅速改善瞬态响应,并且使输出渐近跟踪设定值。     

飞行模拟器六自由度运动平台的位置分析与测量控制

针对飞行模拟器六自由度运动平台的位置分析与测量控制进行了研究;依据位置测量元件实时测量到的液压缸长度,运用位置正解算法对运动平台的位置进行了分析,给出了位移传感器的工作原理和位置正解算法模型;利用电液驱动方式组成了体积小、重量轻、加速能力强和快速反应的运动平台控制系统;同时以飞机的俯仰角为例,建立了运动平台驱动信号洗出的算法模型,实现了对模拟座舱的位置和姿态的精确控制;实际应用表明,这些方法是有效可行的,能应用于六自由度运动平台的实际应用中。     

含有界扰动系统的多模型自适应控制

对含有有界扰动和参数不确定性的离散时间被控对象建立多个辨识模型, 覆盖被控对象的参数不确定性. 给定指标切换函数, 构成多模型自适应控制器. 引入“局部化”技术, 在保持计算精度的同时, 提高了计算速度. 同时证明, 多模型自适应控制可以保证闭环系统输入输出稳定, 且保证对给定有界参考输入、被控对象输出可在一给定界范围内跟踪参考输入.     

输入有界的自由漂浮柔性空间机器人轨迹跟踪控制

针对自由漂浮柔性空间机器人轨迹跟踪控制问题, 首先利用拉格朗日和假设模态法建立了动力学模型. 分析系统动力学模型, 综合考虑欠驱动、柔性振动等特点, 将其简化为一种带有柔性振动扰动完全可控的动力学模型; 在此基础上, 考虑控制输入受限, 提出一种自适应状态反馈控制策略. 该策略采用自适应技术实时在线学习柔性振动扰动参数, 从而保证控制律对柔性振动扰动具有良好的鲁棒性; 最后, 基于Lyapunov方法证明了该控制策略能够实现关节期望轨迹的跟踪. 仿真验证了该控制策略对控制输入受限系统轨迹跟踪控制的有效性和可靠性.     

基于有界扰动分区的多模型自适应控制

对于含有界扰动的离散时间系统,将有界扰动变化范围分割成若干小区间,针对这些区间建立多个自适应模型,并针对每一个自适应模型建立相应的控制器.给定一个指标切换函数,基于多个自适应模型控制器和给定的指标切换函数构成多模型自适应控制器.可以证明多模型自适应控制器能够保证闭环系统是输入输出有界稳定的.仿真实例表明,当被控对象的有界扰动随时间变化的时候,采用单一模型自适应控制,系统输出很难跟踪设定值,而多模型自适应控制器却极大地改善了控制品质.     

Adaptive control of a quadrotor aerial vehicle with input constraints and uncertain parameters

In this paper, we address the problem of adaptive bounded control for the trajectory tracking of a Quadrotor Aerial Vehicle (QAV) while the input saturations and uncertain parameters with the known bounds are simultaneously taken into account. First, to deal with the underactuated property of the QAV model, we decouple and construct the QAV model as a cascaded structure which consists of two fully actuated subsystems. Second, to handle the input constraints and uncertain parameters, we use a combination of the smooth saturation function and smooth projection operator in the control design. Third, to ensure the stability of the overall system of the QAV, we develop the technique for the cascaded system in the presence of both the input constraints and uncertain parameters. Finally, the region of stability of the closed-loop system is constructed explicitly, and our design ensures the asymptotic convergence of the tracking errors to the origin. The simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

考虑事件触发输入的船舶自适应动力定位控制

为解决实际海况下全驱动船舶的动力定位控制任务存在参数不确定、模型结构不确定和通信资源限制等问题,本文提出一种具有事件触发输入的鲁棒自适应动力定位控制算法.该算法采用径向基函数神经网络对系统模型不确定进行逼近,同时针对通信带宽受限问题,设计了一种具有事件触发机制的执行器输入,降低了控制器和执行器之间的信道占用.此外,该算法还解决了状态变量与执行器增益不确定性之间的强耦合问题,并且设计了在线更新的自适应参数去补偿执行器增益不确定,以确保船舶能够稳定执行动力定位任务.利用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了闭环控制系统中所有误差变量都满足半全局一致最终有界收敛.通过对比仿真实验验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

Global trajectory tracking through output feedback for robot manipulators with bounded inputs

In this work, a globally stabilizing output feedback scheme for the trajectory tracking of robot manipulators with bounded inputs is proposed. It achieves the motion control objective avoiding input saturation and excluding velocity measurements. Moreover, it is not defined using a specific sigmoidal function, but any one on a set of saturation functions. Consequently, the proposed scheme actually constitutes a family of globally stabilizing output feedback bounded controllers. Furthermore, the control gains are not tied to satisfy any saturation‐avoidance inequality and may consequently take any positive value, which may be considered beneficial for performance adjustment/improvement purposes. Further, a class of desired trajectories that may be globally tracked avoiding input saturation and excluding velocity measurements is completely characterized. Global asymptotic stabilization of the closed‐loop system solutions towards the pre‐specified desired trajectory is proved through a strict Lyapunov function. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is corroborated through experimental results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

Finite-time observer-based output-feedback control for the global stabilisation of the PVTOL aircraft with bounded inputs

In this work, an output-feedback scheme for the global stabilisation of the planar vertical take-off and landing aircraft with bounded inputs is developed taking into account the positive nature of the thrust. The global stabilisation objective is proven to be achieved avoiding input saturation and by exclusively considering the system positions in the feedback. To cope with the lack of velocity measurements, the proposed algorithm involves a finite-time observer. The generalised versions of the involved finite-time stabilisers have not only permitted to solve the output-feedback stabilisation problem avoiding input saturation, but also provide additional flexibility in the control design that may be used in aid of performance improvements. With respect to previous approaches, the developed finite-time observer-based scheme guarantees the global stabilisation objective disregarding velocity measurements in a bounded input context. Simulation tests corroborate the analytical developments. The study includes further experimental results on an actual flying device.     

A robust adaptive sliding-mode control for rigid robotic manipulators with arbitrary bounded input disturbances

In this paper, a robust adaptive sliding-mode control scheme for rigid robotic manipulators with arbitrary bounded input disturbances is proposed. It is shown that the prior knowledge on the upper bound of the norm of the input disturbance vector is not required in the sliding-mode controller design. An adaptive mechanism is introduced to estimate the upper bound of the norm of the input disturbance vector. The estimate is then used as a controller gain parameter to guarantee that the output tracking error asymptotically converges to zero and strong robustness with respect to bounded input disturbances can be obtained. A simulation example is given in support of the proposed control scheme.     

Adaptive prescribed performance control for switched nonlinear systems with input saturation

In this paper, an adaptive prescribed performance output-feedback control scheme is proposed for a class of switched nonlinear systems with input saturation. The MT-filters are employed to estimate the unmeasured states and the unknown functions are approximated by the radial basis function neural networks in controller design procedure. It is proved that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded and the tracking error satisfies the prescribed performance. Finally, simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Adaptive chatter mitigation control for machining processes with input saturations

Chatter is an unstable nonlinear dynamical phenomenon often encountered in machining operations because of the self‐excitation mechanism, which may lead to overcut or rapid tool wear, and hence, greatly influence the surface quality and productivity in milling operations. Recent years have witnessed an increasing industrial demand of high quality and high efficiency machining. This paper hereby develops a constrained active adaptive control method to mitigate the chatter dynamics with input saturations. To guarantee the feasibility of the proposed approach, moderate stable conditions of the closed‐loop system are afterwards derived by using the LaSalle–Yoshizawa theorem as well. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to show the substantially enlarged stable region in the Lobe Diagram. Thus, the method can be expected to improve the efficiency of milling processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.