冷成型不锈钢管轴心受压柱试验研究

为研究冷成型不锈钢管轴心受压柱的稳定性能,进行了国产304牌号冷成型不锈钢方管、矩形管和圆管截面,共43根轴心受压柱试验。通过对不锈钢材料、轴压短柱试件和轴压长柱试件的试验研究,得到了试件的材料力学性能和极限荷载。分析了试件的长细比、宽厚比（径厚比）对其破坏模式及变形性能的影响。结果表明：试件的宽厚比（径厚比）对其破坏模式及变形性能有较大的影响。采用GB 50018-2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》、欧洲不锈钢结构设计规范、美国冷成型不锈钢结构设计规范中的计算方法以及Rasmussen提出的设计方法对试验试件进行了计算,并与试验数据对比结果表明,对于圆管试件,采用三本规范计算得到的承载力均高于试验值,偏于不安全,采用Rasmussen 提出方法的计算结果与试验值较为接近;对于方矩管试件,各种方法计算结果相近,除短柱试件试验结果高于计算结果外,其余试件试验值均与计算结果吻合较好;GB 50018-2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》中的计算方法不能直接用于计算不锈钢管轴心受压柱承载力。     

激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面中长柱受力性能研究

为研究激光焊接奥氏体不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压中长柱的承载性能,对10根激光焊接不锈钢工字形薄柔截面中长柱进行轴心受压试验研究,结果表明,中长柱的破坏模式均为板件局部屈曲与构件整体弯曲屈曲的相关失稳。同时,基于残余应力试验,验证了已有激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面的残余应力分布模型。基于试验结果验证了有限元模型,对激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压中长柱开展参数分析,研究了几何初始缺陷和残余应力对中长柱稳定承载力的影响,结果表明,残余应力是影响中长柱稳定承载力的主要因素。结合试验和有限元计算结果,对CECS 410:2015《不锈钢结构技术规程》中轴心受压构件稳定承载力设计公式的适用性进行评估,并考虑残余应力的影响修正了轴心受压构件整体稳定设计公式的计算系数。采用修正后计算系数的规范公式能准确计算激光焊接不锈钢工字形截面轴心受压构件的稳定承载力。     

不锈钢冷成型管截面轴心受压构件的有限元分析

采用有限元软件ANSYS对不锈钢冷成型管截面轴心受压长柱进行模拟,有限元模型中考虑不锈钢材料的非线性本构关系、冷加工效应、构件的初始缺陷以及构件中的残余应力。将模拟结果与国内外的试验数据进行对比。对比表明:有限元模型能够准确地模拟不锈钢构件的受力全过程,模拟平均误差小于5%;对影响不锈钢轴心受压构件受力性能的因素进行分析,分析表明:方矩管截面的转角区冷加工效应,不锈钢材料力学性能参数变化以及构件的整体缺陷取值对构件的整体稳定性能影响较大,而不锈钢构件的截面对稳定系数影响很小。分析结论可作为建立不锈钢轴心受压构件稳定承载力设计公式的参考。     

卷边C形截面不锈钢柱畸变屈曲直接强度法

为研究轴心受压卷边C形截面不锈钢柱的畸变屈曲承载力,采用ABAQUS软件对不锈钢轴压构件进行了非线性有限元模拟,并通过现有试验验证了有限元模型计算结果的准确性。弹性畸变屈曲荷载是采用直接强度法（DSM）的关键参数,首先研究了边界条件对构件承载力的影响,然后对比分析了现有轴心受压卷边C形截面不锈钢柱畸变屈曲承载力的计算方法与试验结果,发现BECQUE等提出的DSM公式与AISI中的畸变屈曲DSM公式均不能准确地预测卷边C形截面不锈钢构件的畸变屈曲承载力。最后,在大量有限元分析的基础上提出了轴心受压卷边C形截面不锈钢柱畸变屈曲承载力计算公式,并采用现有的试验结果验证了该公式的准确性。     

不锈钢圆管受弯构件试验研究现状及规范对比分析

为了研究不锈钢圆管受弯构件的承载能力,进行了国外3本不锈钢结构技术规范的对比,包括:欧洲不锈钢规范(EN1993-1-4:2006)、美国冷成型不锈钢设计规范(SEI/ASCE 8-02)、澳大利亚/新西兰不锈钢设计规范(AS/NZS 4673-2001),同时简要地介绍了5本国外相关钢结构设计规范中圆管受弯承载力的设计方法;搜集了国内外学者进行的11根不锈钢圆管构件的受弯试验数据,其中包括4根奥氏体304圆管、3根奥氏体316L圆管和4根双相体2205圆管构件;采用国内外相关的8本规范中圆管受弯承载力设计公式对搜集到的试验数据进行了计算,结果表明:总体上采用各规范计算得到的圆管抗弯承载力均偏于保守,其中美国钢结构设计规范(ANSI/AISC 360-05)的计算结果与试验数据吻合最好。为我国《不锈钢结构设计规范》中圆管抗弯承载力的设计给出建议。     

冷弯厚壁型钢残余应力影响分析

结合现有关于冷弯型钢残余应力的研究成果,用有限元软件模拟分析了在初始缺陷影响下,冷弯厚壁双槽钢柱焊接组合截面构件,在冷弯残余应力单独作用以及焊接残余应力和冷弯残余应力共同作用下的整体稳定性。分析发现:在焊接残余应力和冷弯残余应力共同作用下,厚壁轴心受压构件的整体稳定性能普遍比现有规范的结果低,最大误差达15%。因此在确定该构件稳定承载力时,应考虑焊接残余应力和冷弯残余应力的共同作用。     

考虑局部稳定影响的不锈钢圆管短柱轴压承载力试验研究

为研究不锈钢轴心受压圆管的局部稳定承载性能，对9根奥氏体型不锈钢圆管短柱、7根双相型不锈钢圆管短柱以及作为对比的3根Q355圆钢管短柱进行轴心加载试验，得到了不锈钢轴压短柱的破坏模式和局部稳定承载力。研究发现短柱均发生局部失稳破坏，径厚比是影响轴心受压短柱承载力的重要因素。将局部稳定承载力试验结果与欧洲不锈钢结构设计规范EN 1993-1-4、美国冷成型钢结构设计规范AISI S100-2016、美国钢结构建筑规范ANSI/AISC 360、美国不锈钢建筑结构规范ANSI/AISC 370-21中的设计方法进行对比，结果表明：对于径厚比较小的不锈钢圆管短柱，四种规范的预测承载力较为保守；对于部分径厚比较大的不锈钢圆管短柱，规范预测承载力偏于危险。     

冷弯薄壁构件腹板局部受压承载力分析及设计建议北大核心CSCD

由于冷弯薄壁构件截面厚度较薄,当无横向加劲肋时,构件可能会在集中荷载作用处发生腹板压跛现象,我国现行《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB 50018—2002)仅对压型钢板给出了验算公式,但对常用的C形、Z形截面构件并未进行具体规定。综合分析国外相关标准的规定,并考虑我国结构设计的实际情况,给出了统一的冷弯薄壁构件腹板局部受压承载力的计算公式。由试验数据、数值分析和设计算例的对比可以看出,该公式适用于压型钢板及C形、Z形截面的冷弯薄壁构件,为现行规范GB 50018—2002的修订提供依据。     

不锈钢轴心受压构件稳定承载能力计算方法研究

国内外不锈钢材料力学性能的试验资料表明:不同牌号不锈钢材料的力学性能差别较大;同牌号不锈钢材料的力学性能也有一定差别,而材料力学性能变化对轴心受压不锈钢柱的稳定性系数的影响在国外典型不锈钢结构设计规范中均无明确的规定。基于经验证的有限元模型,计算了30种典型不锈钢材料的稳定系数曲线,采用修正正则化长细比概念对Perry公式及K&R公式进行改进,得到适用于常用不锈钢材料力学性能的轴心受压柱稳定系数表达式,并与国内外已有的试验数据进行对比,结果表明,此表达式具有较高的精度,可供我国不锈钢结构设计规程中轴心受压构件设计条文编制参考。     

不锈钢压弯构件平面内稳定承载力计算方法研究

对比了EN 1993-1-4∶2006《欧洲不锈钢结构设计规范》、SEI/ASCE 8—02《美国冷成型不锈钢设计规范》和日本《不锈钢建筑结构设计基准》(2002)中压弯构件平面内稳定的设计方法,并结合不锈钢轴心受压构件稳定承载能力的研究成果,基于GB 50018—2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》中相关规定,考虑不锈钢材料力学性能的离散型,提出不锈钢压弯构件平面内弯曲屈曲的设计公式;将设计方法计算结果与国外已有的试验数据进行对比。结果表明,所建议公式的计算结果与国外基本规范具有相近的精度,计算结果偏于安全;最后,对不锈钢压弯构件的设计表达式的改进方向进行展望。该设计表达式可为编制我国不锈钢结构设计规程中压弯构件设计条文时参考。     

Buckling analysis of high strength stainless steel stiffened and unstiffened slender hollow section columns

This paper investigates the buckling behaviour of cold-formed high strength stainless steel stiffened and unstiffened slender square and rectangular hollow section columns. The high strength duplex material is austenitic-ferritic stainless steel approximately equivalent to EN 1.4462 and UNS S31803. The columns were compressed between fixed ends at different column lengths. A nonlinear finite element model has been developed to investigate the behaviour of stiffened slender square and rectangular hollow section columns. The column strengths, load-shortening curves as well as failure modes were predicted for the stiffened and unstiffened slender hollow section columns. An extensive parametric study was conducted to study the effects of cross-section geometries on the strength and behaviour of the stiffened and unstiffened columns. The investigation has shown that the high strength stainless steel stiffened slender hollow section columns offer a considerable increase in the column strength over that of the unstiffened slender hollow section columns. The column strengths predicted from the parametric study were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American Specification, Australian/New Zealand Standard and European Code for cold-formed stainless steel structures. It is shown that the design strengths obtained using the three specifications are generally conservative for the cold-formed stainless steel unstiffened slender square and rectangular hollow section columns, but slightly unconservative for the stiffened slender square and rectangular hollow section columns.     

Tests of pin-ended cold-formed lean duplex stainless steel columns

This paper describes a test program on cold-formed lean duplex stainless steel columns compressed between pinned ends. Two square hollow sections and four rectangular hollow sections were tested at different column lengths. The material properties of the test specimens were obtained from tensile coupon tests and stub column tests. The test specimens were cold-rolled from flat strips of lean duplex stainless steel (EN1.4162). The column specimens were concentrically loaded between pinned ends. The ultimate loads and the failure modes of each column are presented. The American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications for stainless steel structures are assessed by comparing the column test strengths and available data in the literatures with the design strengths. It should be noted that these specifications do not cover the material of lean duplex stainless steel. A reliability analysis was carried out to assess the current design rules of stainless steel for lean duplex material. Generally, the specifications are able to predict the strengths of the tested columns. The design approach of using full cross-section area and material properties obtained by stub column tests for all classes of sections including slender sections was recommended. This recommended design approach does not require section classification and calculation of effective area, and provides a more accurate and less scattered prediction than those using the current design rules.     

Flexural behaviour of stainless steel oval hollow sections

Structural hollow sections are predominantly square, rectangular or circular in profile. While square and circular hollow sections are often the most effective in resisting axial loads, rectangular hollow sections, with greater stiffness about one principal axis than the other, are generally more suitable in bending. Oval or elliptical hollow sections (EHS) combine the aesthetic external profile of circular hollow sections with the suitability for resisting flexure of rectangular sections, whilst also retaining the inherent torsional stiffness offered by all tubular sections. This paper examines the structural response of recently introduced stainless steel oval hollow sections (OHS) in bending and presents design recommendations. In-plane bending tests in the three-point configuration about both the major and minor axes were conducted. All tested specimens were cold-formed from Grade 1.4401 stainless steel and had an aspect ratio of approximately 1.5. The full moment-rotation responses of the specimens were recorded and have been presented herein. The tests were replicated numerically by means of non-linear finite element (FE) analysis and parametric studies were performed to investigate the influence of key parameters, such as the aspect ratio and the cross-section slenderness, on the flexural response. Based on both the experimental and numerical results, structural design recommendations for stainless steel OHS in bending in accordance with Eurocode 3: Part 1.4 have been made.     

Structural performance of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns

This paper describes an accurate finite element model for the structural performance of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns. The finite element analysis was conducted on duplex stainless steel columns having square and rectangular hollow sections. The columns were compressed between fixed ends at different column lengths. The effects of initial local and overall geometric imperfections have been taken into consideration in the finite element model. The material nonlinearity of the flat and corner portions of the high strength stainless steel sections were carefully incorporated in the model. The column strengths and failure modes as well as the load-shortening curves of the columns were obtained using the finite element model. Furthermore, the effect of residual stresses in the columns was studied. The nonlinear finite element model was verified against experimental results. An extensive parametric study was carried out using the verified finite element model to study the effects of cross-section geometries on the strength and behaviour of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns. The column strengths predicted from the parametric study were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American Specification, Australian/New Zealand Standard and European Code for cold-formed stainless steel structures. The results of the parametric study showed that the design rules specified in the American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications are generally conservative for cold-formed high strength stainless steel square and rectangular hollow section columns, but unconservative for some of the short columns.     

冷成型双相不锈钢截面材料特性

给出了6个不同截面冷成型双相不锈钢的特性,其中2个为圆形中空截面,4个为矩形中空截面。试样为冷轧双相不锈钢带。确定方形和矩形中空截面高强度冷成型双相不锈钢的材料特性。对每种型材的薄弱和转角处进行拉伸试验,由此测量每种型材的弹性模量、0.2%弹性极限、1.0%弹性极限、抗张强度、断裂延伸率和Ramberg-Osgood参数(n)。通过短柱试验获得冷轧状态全截面的材料特性。测量6种型材的初始局部几何缺陷,绘制每种型材含初始几何缺陷的横截面图。采用断面法测量150×50×2.5截面的残余应力,测量并绘制截面上薄膜屈曲残余应力分布图。此外,给出适用于短柱的有限元模型,并与试验结果进行对比。将不锈钢短柱的试验强度与美国规范、澳大利亚/新西兰规范和欧洲规范的设计强度进行对比。总体看来,三种规范的计算结果都较为保守,其中欧洲规范的计算结果最为保守。     

Tests of cold-formed high strength stainless steel compression members

The paper describes a test program on cold-formed high strength stainless steel compression members. The duplex stainless steel having the yield stress and tensile strength up to 750 and 850 MPa, respectively, was investigated. The material properties of the test specimens were obtained from tensile coupon and stub column tests. The test specimens were cold-rolled into square and rectangular hollow sections. The specimens were compressed between fixed ends at different column lengths. The initial overall geometric imperfections of the column specimens were measured. The strength and behaviour of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns were investigated. The test strengths were compared with the design strengths predicted using the American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications for cold-formed stainless steel structures. Generally, it is shown that the design strengths predicted by the three specifications are conservative for the cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns. In addition, reliability analysis was performed to evaluate the current design rules.     

不锈钢椭圆中空受压构件的结构响应

冷加工不锈钢椭圆中空截面结合了圆形中空截面和不锈钢的美感以及不同几何形状的横截面相对于两个主轴的结构功效。迄今为止,对这种横截面的构件尚没有结构设计指南,主要是产品相对较新,缺乏基础结构试验数据。对冷加工不锈钢椭圆空心截面受压构件的结构响应进行研究,提出设计建议。为获得结构性能的基础数据,进行一系列试验。首先,通过张拉试验建立基本的材料应力-应变关系。随后,通过短柱试验确定横截面的平均受压响应,通过弯曲试验获得极限承载力以确定不锈钢椭圆中空截面合理的弯曲曲线。对试件进行包括初始缺陷的几何性质测定。对试件的荷载位移响应进行记录并在文中给予介绍。与试验同步,进行了有限元模拟。如果有限元模拟的结果与试验结果不相符,将对个别关键参数进行进一步的研究,包括外形比例、横截面长细比和构件长细比。基于试验与数值分析结果,提出3组不锈钢椭圆中空截面受压限值以及椭圆中空截面柱合理弯曲曲线。     

Experimental investigation on ferritic stainless steel columns in fire

This paper presents the performance of EN 1.4003 ferritic stainless steel hollow section columns when exposed to fire loading. Experimental analysis of the behaviour of ferritic stainless steel structural members in fire represents a novelty. In detail, three column tests were carried out in the framework of the Research Fund of Coal and Steel (RFCS) project named Structural Applications of Ferritic Stainless Steels (SAFSS, RFSR-CT-2010-00026). Tubular thin-walled members were considered in this study because structural applications of ferritic stainless steels generally incorporate such profiles. Three columns were tested: two square hollow sections (SHS) and a rectangular hollow section (RHS) of different length. Fire loading was applied under a constant concentrically compressive load. Identical column tests at room temperature are also reported.     

Experimental investigation of concrete-filled cold-formed high strength stainless steel tube columns

This paper presents an experimental investigation of concrete-filled cold-formed high strength stainless steel tube columns. The high strength stainless steel tubes had a yield stress and tensile strength up to 536 and 961 MPa, respectively. The behaviour of the columns was investigated using different concrete cylinder strengths varied from 40 to 80 MPa. A series of tests was performed to investigate the effects of the shape of the stainless steel tube, plate thickness and concrete strength on the behaviour and strength of concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube columns. The high strength stainless steel tubes were cold-rolled into square and rectangular hollow sections. The depth-to-plate thickness ratio of the tube sections varied from 25.7 for compact sections to 55.8 for relatively slender sections. The columns had different lengths so the length-to-depth ratio generally remained at a constant value of 3. The concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube specimens were subjected to uniform axial compression. The column strengths, load-axial strain relationships and failure modes of the columns were presented. The test strengths were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American specifications and Australian/New Zealand standards that consider the effect of local buckling using an effective width concept in the calculation of the stainless steel tube column strengths. Based on the test results, design recommendations were proposed for concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube columns.