NaCl薄液膜下不锈钢腐蚀行为研究

利用Kelvin探针参比电极技术和电化学阻抗方法研究了不锈钢在不同厚度NaCl薄液膜下的腐蚀行为.结果表明:在0.35%NaCl液膜厚度7～90 μm范围内,随着液层厚度的增大,不锈钢在薄液膜下腐蚀的氧扩散控制特征越显著,而且氧还原反应极限电流逐渐降低;3.5%NaCl薄液膜下阻抗测得的溶液电阻随着液膜增厚而首先迅速降低然后趋于平稳;在液层较厚时(425～120 μm)随着液层厚度的减小,腐蚀速度受氧扩散控制逐渐增大;液层厚度减薄至40～120 μm区间,由于阳极反应受抑制和阴极反应加速的共同影响腐蚀速度会出现极小值;液层厚度非常薄(20 μm以下)时由于电流分布不均匀抑制了氧还原,腐蚀速度很低.     

NaCI薄液膜下不锈钢腐蚀行为研究

利用Kelvin探针参比电极技术和电化学阻抗方法研究了不锈钢在不同厚度NaCI薄液膜下的腐蚀行为．结果表明：在0．35％NaCl液膜厚度7～90μm范围内,随着液层厚度的增大,不锈钢在薄液膜下腐蚀的氧扩散控制特征越显著,而且氧还原反应极限电流逐渐降低;3．5％NaCI薄液膜下阻抗测得的溶液电阻随着液膜增厚而首先迅速降低然后趋于平稳;在液层较厚时（425～120μm）随着液层厚度的减小,腐蚀速度受氧扩散控制逐渐增大;液层厚度减薄至40～120μm区间,由于阳极反应受抑制和阴极反应加速的共同影响腐蚀速度会出现极小值;液层厚度非常薄（20μm以下）时由于电流分布不均匀抑制了氧还原,腐蚀速度很低．     

原位研究PCB-ENIG在吸附薄液膜下的大气腐蚀行为（英文）

通过阴极极化曲线、交流阻抗谱以及SEM、XPS,原位研究了相对湿度对无电镀镍金印制电路板(PCB-ENIG)在吸附薄液膜下的影响机制。结果表明:PCB-ENIG板在薄液膜下的阴极过程主要包括O_2、腐蚀产物和H_2O的还原过程。阴极电流密度随相对湿度的增加而增加,并且均小于溶液中阴极电流密度,表明扩散过程并不是阴极氧化还原过程的控制步骤。极化电位较负时,75%和85%相对湿度下的阴极极化电流密度逐渐减小。随着腐蚀产物的增加,试验后期腐蚀过程由阳极过程控制。     

利用电化学方法研究纯镁在薄液膜下的腐蚀行为Ⅱ-薄液膜对纯镁腐蚀阳极过程的影响

利用电化学噪声研究了纯镁在不同厚度薄液膜下的腐蚀行为.结果表明:与本体溶液相比,薄液膜对纯镁腐蚀的阳极过程有使点蚀的孕育速度减缓作用的同时还有使点蚀生长的概率增加的作用;薄液膜下纯镁表面产生的亚稳态点蚀牛长成稳态点蚀的概率比本体溶液下的大.点蚀孕育速度比点蚀生长概率对阳极过程的影响更大;这导致r薄液膜下纯镁腐蚀的阳极过程减缓.     

薄液层下金属腐蚀行为研究方法的进展

综述了近几十年来薄液层下金属腐蚀行为研究方法的进展,重点介绍了薄液层下金属腐蚀的电化学研究方法,尤其是大气腐蚀监测仪、微电极技术和Kelvin 探针参比电极技术在该领域的应用和主要优缺点.同时简要介绍了薄液层下金属腐蚀行为研究的关键实验技术,并展望了薄液层下金属腐蚀研究方法的发展趋势.     

电化学方法研究纯镁在薄液膜下的腐蚀行为I—O2对纯镁在薄液膜下腐蚀行为的影响

用电化学法研究了纯镁在未除氧和除氧的下不同厚度薄液膜下的腐蚀行为．结果表明：薄液膜下纯镁腐蚀的阴极过程受氢还原控制;液膜厚度的减小使其阴极过程和阳极过程都受到抑制,对阳极过程影响很大．氧气的存在对阳极过程的影响很大,并使得纯镁表面易于生成表面膜,表面膜更加连续和致密．     

电化学方法研究纯镁在薄液膜下的腐蚀行为 Ⅰ-O2对纯镁在薄液膜下腐蚀行为的影响

用电化学法研究了纯镁在未除氧和除氧的下不同厚度薄液膜下的腐蚀行为.结果表明:薄液膜下纯镁腐蚀的阴极过程受氢还原控制;液膜厚度的减小使其阴极过程和阳极过程都受到抑制,对阳极过程影响很大.氧气的存在对阳极过程的影响很大,并使得纯镁表面易于生成表面膜,表面膜更加连续和致密.     

液膜厚度对固态超滑表面在薄液膜下腐蚀行为的影响

利用电沉积法在低碳钢表面上构建了多孔微纳结构并灌注润滑剂制备出一种稳定的固态超滑表面(SSS)。采用电化学测试,扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等手段研究不同液膜厚度(500,250,100和50μm)下SSS腐蚀防护行为及腐蚀后的微观结构变化规律。结果表明：在薄液膜腐蚀初期,随着薄液膜厚度的降低,SSS的腐蚀行为呈现较小差异,在100μm厚度时SSS具有最大的阻抗,浸泡1 d后极限扩散电流密度为4.899×10^-6 A·cm^-2 (在-1.4 V电位下),拟合后的阻抗值达到1.54×10⁵Ω·cm²;即使浸泡7 d后仍具有6.98×10⁴Ω·cm²的阻抗值,并难以检测到腐蚀产物的生成,表现出优异的稳定性和耐蚀性。     

NaCl和CO2对Zn在薄液膜下腐蚀的协同作用

使用石英晶体微天平（ＱＣＭ：ｑｕａｒｔｚ ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ ｍｉｃｒｏｂａｌａｎｃｅ）为主要手段研究了在８５％ＲＨ（相对湿度）和ＮａＣｌ存在的条件下,金属Ｚｎ在不同ＣＯ２浓度下的大气腐蚀动力学,同时结合Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）研究了Ｚｎ在薄液膜下的大气腐蚀机理,并用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）对腐蚀产物进行形貌分析,阐述了腐蚀产物的保护特征。实验结果表明,在薄液膜下,ＮａＣｌ的存在使金属     

薄层液膜下金属电化学腐蚀电池的设计

设计了一种研究金属在薄层液膜下电化学行为的三电极腐蚀电池.该电池在降低研究电极和参比电极之间IR的同时消除了参比电极中离子对薄层液膜的污染,并且易于操作.通过稳态极化曲线和交流阻抗技术研究了该电池在薄层液膜下和在大量电解质溶液中的电化学行为,证明了该电池适合研究金属在大气中的电化学腐蚀行为.     

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of bronze materials in an acid-containing simulated atmospheric environment

The present work investigates the corrosion behavior of bronze materials under thin electrolyte layers (TELs) in a simulated atmospheric environment containing formic and acetic acid by electrochemical measurements as well as surface characterization. The results show that the corrosion of bronze under TEL is significantly faster than that in the bulk solution, and the corrosion rate of bronze is the highest when the thickness of TEL is about 100 μm. Formic acid is observed to be more corrosive than acetic acid. Copper formate and copper acetate hydrate appear in the corrosion products formed on the surface of bronze, suggesting that the organic acid participates in the corrosion process of bronze materials in the simulated atmospheric environment.     

Comparative investigation on copper atmospheric corrosion by electrochemical impedance and electrical resistance sensors

Electrochemical impedance (EIS) and thin electrical resistance (ER) sensors were invented for atmospheric corrosion measurement of copper (Cu) during cyclic wetting–drying/high–low temperature tests and field exposure tests. Three-month field exposure results showed that average corrosion rate of Cu measured by ER sensor was well in accordance with that by weight loss method. During cyclic wetting–drying test, EIS was proven to reflect sensitively time of wetting and drying on the surface of sensor. Although corrosion rate obtained from EIS had a similar tendency to that obtained from ER sensors, the former was more dependent on environmental humidity than the latter. When relative humidity was low than 60%, corrosion rate of Cu measured by EIS was much lower than that by weight loss method, mainly attributing to the fact that impedance sensor failed to detect corrosion current of interlaced Cu electrodes due to the breakdown of conductive passage composed of absorbed thin liquid film under low humidity condition. Promisingly, ER sensor was proven to be more suitable for atmospheric corrosion monitoring than electrochemical techniques because it could sensitively monitor thickness loss of Cu foil according to the Ohmic law, no matter how dry or wet the sensor surface is.     

Characterizing corrosion behavior under atmospheric conditions using electrochemical techniques

AC and DC electrochemical experiments were performed as a function of humidity and contaminant concentration in an effort to identify the range of atmospheric environments where corrosion processes could be detected and possibly quantified. AC measurements exhibited two time constants at 25% relative humidity (RH), possibly indicating the ability to resolve both electrolyte resistance and interfacial impedance. Galvanic current measurements were sensitive to the presence of Cl_2(g) at 30% RH and electrochemical transients were detected at both 30% and 50% RH levels, also indicating sensitivity to interfacial processes. Higher humidity levels allowed better quantification due to decreasing electrolyte and interfacial impedances.     

Influences of NH4 + ions and thin electrolyte layers (TEL) thickness on the corrosion behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy

In this study, the influences of NH₄ ⁺ ions and the thin electrolyte layer (TEL) thickness on the corrosion behavior of the AZ9D magnesium alloy in NH₄⁺‐containing environments were investigated by electrochemical measurements and surface characterization. The experimental results indicate that NH₄⁺ greatly accelerates the corrosion of AZ91D magnesium alloy whether in a bulk solution or in a TEL. As the TEL thickness decreasing, the corrosion resistance of the AZ91D magnesium alloy is strengthened. According to the corrosion morphology, electrochemical analysis, and characterization analysis of corrosion products, the corrosion mechanism of AZ91D under TELs with different thicknesses is divided into three stages: (a) uniformly distributed corrosion pits with deep depth and large size when TEL thickness is higher than or equal to 500 μm; (b) slightly corrosion with randomly distributed corrosion pits and the accumulation of small amount of corrosion product when TEL thickness is between 100 μm and 200 μm; (c) no corrosion pit with only deposition of corrosion product when TEL thickness is lower than or equal to 100 μm. Among which, the roles of NH₄⁺, TEL thickness, and corrosion product are emphasized and discussed in the corrosion process of AZ91D magnesium alloy under TEL with different thicknesses.     

A study of the corrosion of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 under thin electrolyte layers

The corrosion of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 (AA2024-T3) under thin electrolyte layers was studied in 3.0 wt% sodium chloride solutions by cathodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The cathodic polarization measurements show that, when the electrolyte layer is thicker than 200 μm, the oxygen reduction current is close to that of the bulk solution. But in the range of 200-100 μm, the oxygen reduction current is inversely proportional to the layer thickness, which shows that the oxygen diffusion through the electrolyte layer is the rate-determining step for the oxygen reduction process. In the range of 100 μm to about 58 μm, the oxygen reduction current is slightly decreased probably due to the formation of aluminum hydroxide or the change of the diffusion pattern from 2-dimensional diffusion to one-dimensional diffusion. The further decrease in electrolyte layer thickness increase the oxygen reduction current to some extent again, because the diffusion of oxygen plays more important role in thin electrolyte layers.The EIS measurements show that the corrosion is controlled by the cathodic oxygen reduction at the initial stage, showing the largest corrosion rate at the electrolyte layer thickness of 105 μm. But at the later stage of corrosion, the anodic process begin to affect the corrosion rates and the corrosion rates show a maximum at 170 μm, which may be the thickness where the corrosion changes from cathodic control to anodic control. The corrosion rate under the very thin electrolyte layer (62 μm in this study) is even smaller than that in bulk solution, this is due to that the anodic process is strongly inhibited.     

The influence of different locations on copper corrosion with different external electric fields under a chloride-containing thin electrolyte layer

ABSTRACT

The influence of different locations on copper corrosion with different external electric fields under a chloride-containing thin electrolyte layer was studied using polarisation curve measurement and surface analysis techniques. The results indicated that, under an external direct current electric field, the anodic current densities near the positive plate were smaller than that near the negative plate, while the cathodic current densities near the positive plate were larger than that near the negative plate. However, at different locations in an external alternating current electric field, the anodic current densities were little change, while the cathodic current densities were obviously different.