煤矿用PVC抗静电塑料管材的研究

讨论了煤矿用PVC抗静电塑料管材的抗静电原理、配方及工艺过程,分析了主要组分对抗静电性能和力学性能的影响.实验证明,通过添加导电材料和共混改性,能够生产出理想的煤矿用管材.     

煤矿中阻燃抗静电管道的重要性及阻燃抗静电PVC管材的应用

论述了我国煤矿中将阻燃抗静电管材用于抽放瓦斯、供水、排水的重要性,介绍了PVC管材在煤矿中使用的优点、应用情况及发展趋势。     

新型多层复合PVC/PE瓦斯管的研制

根据煤矿生产的实际需求,研制了一种新型的煤矿瓦斯抽放工程专用多层复合聚氯乙烯(PVC)/聚乙烯(PE)管材,它具有刚度大、质量轻、安装运输方便、耐冲击且长度和口径可根据煤矿要求灵活调节等优点。介绍了这种新型PVC/PE管材的结构特性、加工工艺及安装连接。     

煤矿井下用PVC管材的抗静电性能分析

<正>多年来,钢管普遍应用于煤矿井下的通风、排水、瓦斯抽放,但钢管具有笨重、易锈蚀、易结垢等缺点,其使用寿命短,投资成本和运行成本偏高,且不易更换。近几年,煤矿井下用PVC管材因具有轻便、价廉、抗腐蚀、阻燃等优点,得到了广泛的应用。但PVC是绝缘高分子材料[1],表面电阻大,在煤矿井下易产生静电积聚而引起火灾或瓦斯爆炸,因而煤矿井下用PVC管材应具有良好的抗静电性能,这是其在煤矿     

PVC—U管材的生产

以普通PVC－U管材为例，探讨了生产PVC－U管材的配方及原材料选择原则，阐述了PVC－U管材的成型工艺，对成型加工过程中容易出现的一些质量问题，提出了切实可行的解决方案。全面介绍了PVC－U管材成型过程中使用的挤出设备、模具及辅助机械。     

国内外PVC管技术现状及发展方向

介绍了PVC管材的成型技术、PVC管材用树脂增韧改性技术以及PVC管材用助剂发展趋势。纵观国内外的研究和应用,发展PVC-M管和PVC-O管是必然趋势。国外PVC-M管和PVC-O管生产技术已渐进成熟,国内PVC-M管生产技术与国外差别不大,但国内PVC-O管生产技术仍停留在实验室研究阶段。今后几年,国内PVC管业应大力发展PVC-M管,应加强与科研院所合作,尽快开发出PVC-O管生产技术。     

石墨烯/PVC抗静电材料的开发

考察了石墨烯含量、分散剂种类对PVC材料表面电阻的影响,以及分散剂种类对PVC材料塑化性能和拉伸强度的影响。结果表明:当石墨烯质量分数为3%,PE蜡质量分数为1%(均以PVC材料的质量为100%计)时,制得的PVC抗静电材料的表面电阻达到106Ω,拉伸强度达到55 MPa左右,可用于生产煤矿用PVC抗静电管材。     

新型大口径PVC管缠绕机结构的改进设计

通过理论研究,对原有新型大口径PVC管缠绕机的结构进行了多处改进和完善。实践证明,经改进的新型缠绕机不仅能大大提高生产效率,而且能以低的能耗生产大型PVC管。目前所生产的PVC管材已经被广泛应用于市政工程、煤矿行业中,其应用和发展前景广阔。     

期刊文摘

芯部发泡PVC管材技术和经济效益　(日)《プラスチックスインフォワ—ルド》　第5卷　第2期　第3 4～3 5页　2 0 0 3年近年来,德国家用PVC下水管年使用量达到10万吨,广泛采用价格低廉的芯部发泡PVC管材。欧洲国家生产的PVC管材60 %是发泡管材。其原因是:首先芯部发泡PVC管材使用原料仅是UPVC管材的70 %～80 % ,原料成本有大幅度的下降。特别是生产芯部发泡PVC管材时,如果采用アィケ—ジ公司的原料混配专利技术,即PVC树脂、发泡剂、稳定剂等添加剂经自动称量后加入到专门设计的自动混合料斗中进行充分搅拌混合,然后挤出生产管材,可…     

新型PVC空心缠绕管应用技术进展

PVC空心缠绕管材是近几年才推广应用的全新型管材,它具有刚度大、质量轻、安装运输方便等特点.现已广泛用于市政、化工排污、农田灌溉和煤矿瓦斯抽放工程中.介绍了新型PVC空心缠绕管的种类、特点、连接方式、加工工艺特殊性、加工设备种类、国内主要生产研究单位以及应用研究现状.     

聚合中加入可聚合非离子硼酸酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/纳米碳酸钙复合材料对PVC树脂力学性能的影响

制备了可聚合非离子硼酸酯(BE)/甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)/纳米碳酸钙复合材料,生产出经其改性的PVC树脂,并按管材配方混料,分析了试样的力学性能;并考察了改性PVC树脂在管材中的应用情况。结果表明:①生产BE/MMA/纳米碳酸钙复合材料的最佳工艺配比为:m(BE)∶m(MMA)∶m(纳米碳酸钙)=2∶3∶95。②BE/MMA/纳米碳酸钙复合材料的质量分数为10%时,改性PVC树脂试样的简支梁冲击强度最高。③改性PVC树脂在管材中的应用情况良好,不仅可代替普通PVC树脂,还可降低生产成本。     

DinCH and ESBO actual migration from PVC infusion tubings used in an oncopediatric unit

Plasticizer leaching from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) tubing is a well‐studied phenomenon and is a real issue in medical care today. The present study focuses on the release of two plasticizers 1,2‐cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) (primary) and epoxidized soy bean oil (ESBO) (secondary) from PVC extension tubings used in an oncopediatric unit. The release of plasticizers is calculated by comparison to unused tubings with the same batch number. Both the DINCH and ESBO ratio diminishes in used versus new extension tubings. The loss of plasticizers has not been related to the presence of a specific drug. Our results confirm the leaching of classic plasticizers like the DINCH and of secondary plasticizers like the ESBO from tubings in real life. It confirms too the existence of a complex phenomenon in which exchanges between drugs, lipids, PVC matrices, and the administration sequences can change the global release of plasticizers. Considering all the variables involved in real‐life data, the in vitro testing appears to be the most efficient way to confirm these observations. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46649.     

Methoden zur Herstellung und Charakterisierung von Kunststoffen mit verbesserter Blutverträglichkeit

Tubings of different internal diameter (ID) were prepared from 10 different polymers (CPE, EPDM, ETFE, EVA, LDPE, PP, PTFE, PUR, PVC and Silicone):

• tubings of 4–5 mm ID for in vitro- and ex vivo-blood compatibility tests with human blood,
• tubings of 0.3–0.4 mm ID for ex vivo-evaluations for blood compatibility via measuring the bleeding time after introduction of the tubing into the ear vein of rabbits.

The tubings were surface modified by grafting with N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide (VIMA). For both the original and the grafted tubing correlations were established between the physical characterization (degree of grafting, critical surface tension, ESCA, FT-ATR-IR, SEM) and the in vitro and the ex vivo blood compatibility tests. The in vitro blood compatibility tests consist of an incubation of 4–5 mm tubing with citrated human blood and subsequent determinations of clotting parameters. The human ex vivo blood compatibility tests were performed on human arm veins followed by investigation of the internal surface of the tubing. The results could be correlated with the in vitro tests with human blood. A comparison with conventional tubing on the market (PVC and Silicone) as a standard shows, that PTFE/VIMA, LDPE/VIMA, PUR and EVA have better blood compatibility properties than the standard whereas untreated PTFE and LDPE are ranked below the standard.     

Stabilization of epoxidized soybean oil‐plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) blends via thermal curing with genistein

In an effort to alleviate the well‐known toxicity effect of phthalate derivatives on human health, genistein (G) modified epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) has been investigated as an alternative “green” plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with potential application in medical products. As evidenced by a single glass transition that shifts systematically with composition in conjunction with the melting point depression of G crystals, ESBO is not only a good plasticizer to PVC, but also miscible with G. Moreover, ESBO is an excellent compatibilizer to the immiscible PVC/G pair. Furthermore, PVC/ESBO/G ternary blends revealed complete miscibility in the amorphous state. Of particular interest is that ESBO‐plasticized PVC is thermally curable with G at elevated temperatures above 220 °C and affords relatively stable G modified ESBO‐plasticized PVC for blood contact medical applications such as blood bags and hemodialysis tubings. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46472.     

稀有金属钛聚合物防垢防腐油管工艺研究

在大庆油田三元复合驱采油工艺中,采出液引起管柱结垢,严重影响了油田的正常生产。通过对垢质腐蚀产物检测分析,探讨油田井下管柱表面结垢原因,结合防腐涂料的新技术发展,筛选出适应井下工矿条件的钛聚合物树脂防垢防腐涂料。并开发了与之配套的环保高固体份涂料自动化涂装工艺生产线,获得具有良好防垢防腐效果的涂层油管。该功能型防垢涂层油管在几个三元驱区块开展现场试验,减缓管柱的结垢,管柱清垢周期延长,井下作业次数减少。     

国内外聚氯乙烯工业生产技术进展

综述了国内外聚氯乙烯生产、供需状况。分析了国内外聚氯乙烯及加工应用技术进展，提出了我院加入WTO后进一步发展聚氯乙烯的对策和建议。     

电石法/乙烯法生产聚氯乙烯技术经济分析、建议和展望

介绍了电石乙炔法和乙烯氧氯化法2种原料路线生产聚氯乙烯(PVC)的工艺技术,对2种路线的工艺技术进行了分析和对比.提出必须执行产业政策淘汰落后产能;PVC要向高端产品方向发展;优化PVC行业结构;加强节能减排工作;延伸PVC企业的产业链.对我国PVC行业的发展进行了展望.     

世界PVC树脂市场分析

对世界各地区PVC生产、市场情况以及最新动态进行了详细的阐述和分析,北美PVC市场正趋于饱和,欧洲产需基本一致,而亚洲却是产能、产量、需求增长最快的地区;受中国扩能、需求增幅的影响,今后几年世界PVC产能年均增长率约为2．60％,消费年均增长率在3．78％左右。国内PVC行业电石法扩产幅度较大。     

135 m3与70 m3聚合釜生产PVC的技术经济分析

通过对135 m3与70 m3聚合釜生产PVC的技术经济分析对比,指出135 m3聚合釜适合PVC生产能力高于20万t/a的生产装置,70 m3聚合釜适合PVC生产能力在20万t/a以下的生产装置。     

K2SO4装置副产高纯度HCl在PVC生产中的应用

介绍了齐化集团有限公司K2SO4装置的工艺流程,阐述了K2SO4副产高纯度HCl用于PVC生产上的优点,分析了高纯度HCl给PVC企业带来的经济效益和社会效益。结果表明:K2SO4装置所输送的HCl纯度高,可使齐化集团有限公司8万t/a PVC装置增产2 402．6t/a,减少了合成工序尾气处理的负荷,有利于PVC装置的安全运行。