5CrNiMo锻模热处理工艺改进

介绍了５ＣｒＮｉＭｏ锻模的热处理工艺改进．结果表明：适当提高淬火温度，有利于提高５ＣｒＮｉＭｏ的韧性，局部稀土硼共渗提高锻模的表面硬度，可显著提高锻模的使用寿命．     

气门锻模渗硼工艺研究

针对3Cr2W8V钢制造的锻模,常规热处理后因变形或模腔起皱而失效,效率低、成本高等缺点,提出对气门成型锻模进行渗硼强化工艺研究,找到了适合于锻模渗硼的热处理工艺。锻模使用结果表明,使用寿命是原淬火+回火的2倍,社会效益与经济效益明显提高。     

等温淬火提高锻模寿命

长的热作锻模(尺寸为100×270×180毫米),一般加热淬火和回火至硬度HRC40—45。在热处理过程中,锻模产生相当大的变形和翘曲。为减少翘曲和增加锻模的寿命,研究了     

5CrMnMo钢大型热锻模淬火开裂失效分析

对淬火开裂的5CrMnMo钢大型热锻模进行了金相组织、硬度及断口分析。结果表明，淬火加热温度过高，加热时间过长，导致组织粗大；同时淬火冷却终冷温度过低以及未及时回火，导致过高的淬火应力，使锻模表面出现淬火开裂。建议改进热处理工艺以减小淬火应力。     

5CrMnMo热锻模淬火工艺研究

采用化学成分分析及金相检验手段,对5CrMnMo热锻模具在淬火过程中出现的淬火开裂及淬火后延迟开裂等问题进行了研究.结果表明:淬火加热温度过高、加热时间过长,导致组织粗大;同时淬火冷却终冷温度过低以及未及时回火,导致过高的淬火应力,使锻模表面出现淬火开裂.建议改进热处理工艺,控制热处理过程以减小淬火应力.     

延长5CrNiMo钢热锻模寿命的探讨

本文从材质(冶炼、锻造)、热处理、模腔成型加工及使用维护等方面出发，探讨延长5CrNiMo钢热锻模寿命的途径，并提出相应的对策。对于模块热处理后多次开模使用的锤锻模，在材质质量保证的前提下，结合良好的加工及使用维护的条件下，再经热处理工艺上作的改进，如适当提高淬火加热温度、油(或水基淬火剂)淬时适当降低模面出液温度，或采用分级、等温淬火等，模具的寿命有一定幅度的提高。     

5CrMnMo钢热锻模使用寿命短的原因及改进

通过改进锻造工艺，根据锻模的尺寸和形状确定热处理技术要求，淬火加热前进行预热，改进回火工艺以及改进使用方法等一系列措施，提高了5CrMnMo钢热锻模的使用寿命，提高了企业的经济效益。     

提高3Cr2W8V钢热锻模使用寿命的方法

针对水泵钳３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ钢锻模的早期失效问题进行了生产现场考察和分析，从改进热处理工艺入手，使该锻模使用寿命从２０００件提高到５０００件以上，最高达到７７２７件。     

连杆辊锻模的选材与复合强化处理研究

为提高汽车发动机连杆辊锻模使用寿命,选用3Cr3Mo3W2V电渣钢制造,经锻造与淬火调质预处理,采用复合强化热处理,模具使用寿命大大提高.     

平衡肘大型锤锻模热处理工艺改进

通过对5CrNiMo钢制平衡肘大型锤锻模失效原因分析,得出了模具热处理后组织不合格是模具使用寿命较低的主要原因。通过增加正火工序细化模具毛坯晶粒并消除网状、链状碳化物,改进调质热处理工艺,提高淬火加热温度,获得了以板条马氏体为主的淬火组织,从而提高了模具的强韧性和断裂韧性,延长模具使用寿命。     

安电二期扩建工程高温过热器出口集箱SA335P91钢焊接工艺

介绍了贵州安顺电厂二期扩建工程2×300 MW燃煤机组锅炉高温过热器出口集箱的焊接工艺.从现场的焊接工艺性能试验,SA335P91钢的焊接性能、焊前准备、焊接工艺、焊接及焊后热处理、质量保证措施等方面介绍了SA335P91钢的焊接.SA335P91属于高合金耐热钢,中间层焊至20～25 mm后进行后热处理,冷却至室温,进行射线分层探伤,分层探伤合格后一次焊接完成,并立即进行焊后热处理,冷却至室温,进行超声波探伤,一次合格率100%,焊接质量优良.     

基于物联网的温室大棚智能监控系统研究

针对温室大棚应用过程中存在劳动力需求大、作物生长环境参数采集不精准的问题,设计了基于物联网的温室大棚智能监控系统,以实现减少劳动力、作物生长环境参数的精准采集、灌溉设备的远程控制等。传感器节点实时采集各路的数据传输到网关,并通过GPRS模块传输到服务器,利用GPRS无线通信和Internet网络实现人机通信交互,完成对现场农作物生长环境的监测;同时,服务器根据土壤的实际湿度与农业知识专家库对比进行控制决策,并通过网关向灌溉装置发送灌溉指令,实现灌溉的远程控制。该系统在新疆塔城地区应用实验表明:系统运行稳定,具有较好的鲁棒性,能够达到预期设计的目标。     

Automated heat source calibration for the numerical simulation of laser beam welded components

The well-known advantages of laser beam welding, like the low overall energy deposition into the welding zone or the high processing speed, have led to increased industrial use of this joining process. In order to simulate the heat input and to draw conclusions for experimental application, numerous tasks have to be performed manually. Moreover, expert knowledge is necessary to build thermal FE models of a welding process and to calibrate a heat source to reconstruct the temperature field. Hence, the automation of conventional steps can contribute to more efficient industrial use of the FE simulation. In order to more easily simulate the welding process, an approach for automating the essential steps is proposed in this paper. Thus, special attention is paid to the use of image processing tools and optimization algorithms. The application of this approach precisely depicts the heat deposition and simultaneously decreases the workload for the user.     

科学发展观与中国高等教育

科学发展观为我国高等教育发展提供了新的机遇。本文认为把握机遇需抓好五个方面:一是全面协调好高等教育数量和质量的关系,把质量放在首位;二是全面协调好高等教育的结构,不断提高办学水准;三是全面协调好学科、校园布局,注重办学效益;四是协调好校、院、系的职权,适应建设学科团队要求;五是强调以人为本的高等教育发展观。     

Optimization of the mechanical properties of virtual porous solids using a hybrid approach

A hybrid strategy based on artificial neural network/genetic algorithms is suggested to optimize the mechanical properties of cellular solids. Three-dimensional void structures are generated using a random sequential addition algorithm in which spherical void particles are positioned in a solid phase matrix with a control of their size distribution and overlapping. This allows us to create an open-cell structure with relative densities in the range 0.1–0.3. Finite element calculation is used to assess the effective Young’s modulus as a function of generation parameters. Relative Young’s moduli in the three main directions of the solid are isotropic with respect to the generation algorithm constraints and adhere qualitatively to the common theory on effective properties of open-cell structures. Moreover, the effective response is found to be correlated to the randomness of the void structure, which exhibits, in some cases, an ordered cell configuration. In order to quantitatively describe these correlations and to check the sensitivity of the mechanical response to the structural features in addition to sampling and discretization levels, the hybrid strategy described above is considered. The main motivation was to decrease the finite element simulation time by predicting, where possible, the correlations instead of calculating them. In addition, the use of the hybrid strategy informs about the optimal mesh with respect to the generation variables. This strategy proved to be an efficient technique in enhancing the predictions and complementary to the finite element methodology.     

和谐文化建设与中国高等教育——第九届海峡两岸暨港澳地区高等教育研讨会上的报告

和谐文化建设是个大课题,特别要引起高等教育界、高等教育研究界认真的探索.高等教育要建设和谐文化,首先是要提高高等教育的文化自觉,要重视文化建设、加强文化建设;要处理好多种文化的关系,倡导一种尊重差异、包容多样的文化环境和氛围,不断增强高等教育发展的生机和活力;视和谐文化建设为己任,把和谐文化建设与高等教育自身改革发展密切结合起来.和谐文化建设含义丰富,高等教育应该为社会和谐建设、和谐文化建设贡献力量.     

Flexible feature discovery and structural information control

In this paper, we propose a new information theoretic method called structural information control for flexible feature discovery. The new method has three distinctive characteristics, which traditional competitive learning fails to offer. First, the new method can directly control competitive unit activation patterns, whereas traditional competitive learning does not have any means to control them. Thus, with the new method, it is possible to extract salient features not discovered by traditional methods. Second, competitive units compete witheach other by maximizing their information content about input patterns. Consequently, this information maximization makes it possible to control flexibly competition processes. Third, in structural information control, it is possible to define many different kinds of information content, and we can choose a specific type of information according to a given objective. When applied to competitive learning, structural information can be used to control the number of dead or spare units, and to extract macro as well as micro features of input patterns in explicit ways. We first applied this method to simple pattern classification to demonstrate that information can be controlled and that different neuron firing patterns can be generated. Second, a dipole problem was used to show that structural information could provide representations similar to those by the conventional competitive learning methods. Finally, we applied the method to a language acquisition problem in which networks must flexibly discover some linguistic rules by changing structural information. Especially, we attempted to examine the effect of the information parameter to control the number of dead neurons, and thus to examine how macro and micro features in input patterns can explicitly be discovered by structural information.     

侧栓钩冲裁模的工艺改进

通过对侧栓钩零件冲裁力的分析和计算，介绍了此类厚板零件冲裁模的结构特点。为了合理利用现有的压力机，设计了斜平刃口凹模，采取了降低冲裁力的办法，使加工出来的零件完全符合技术要求。     

5-Axis tool path smoothing based on drive constraints

In high speed machining, the real feedrate is often lower than the programmed one. This reduction of the feedrate is mainly due to the physical limits of the drives, and affects machining time as well as the quality of the machined surface. Indeed, if the tool path presents sharp geometrical variations the feedrate has to be decreased to respect the drive constraints in terms of velocity, acceleration and jerk. Thus, the aim of this paper is to smooth 5-axis tool paths in order to maximize the real feedrate and to reduce the machining time.Velocity, acceleration and jerk limits of each drive allow to compute an evaluation of the maximum reachable feedrate which is then used to localize the areas where the tool path has to be smoothed. So starting from a given tool path, the proposed algorithm iteratively smoothes the joint motions in order to raise the real feedrate. This algorithm has been tested in 5-axis end milling of an airfoil and in flank milling of an impeller for which a N-buffer algorithm is used to control the geometrical deviations. An important reduction of the measured machining time is demonstrated in both examples.     

针对柴油发电机上箱体振动问题的隔振器设计

针对柴油机激振与发电机的振动易引起上箱体局部共振的问题,根据上箱体冷却器的固有频率,结合隔振方法在减小冷却器振动的条件下设计一种新型冷却器的悬挂式安装方法并对隔振器重新进行设计。因冷却器的固有频率很低,故利用隔振方法将其与机座进行隔离,阻断由机座传导至冷却器的高频振动。先利用Benstone振动数据采集仪对发电机上箱体标记位置进行振动数据的采集,并与国际标准规定的振动数据做比较,确定振动速度超标位置。再利用LMS振动测试设备对上箱体中冷却器进行刚体模态测试,由得出的具体刚体模态测试数据可知冷却器的固有频率,据此设计出一种新的悬挂式冷却器安装方式。最后结合有限元数值模态分析软件对新设计的冷却器进行谐振分析。分析表明,悬挂式安装方式的冷却器安装此橡胶隔振器后振动频率明显降低。