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Montouto-Graña M Cabanas-Arias S Vázquez-Odériz ML Arbones-Maciñeira E Romero-Rodríguez MA 《Journal of food science》2011,76(5):S314-S318
To optimize the processing and storage of Kennebec potatoes for sale in peeled, vacuum-packed ready-to-cook form, we studied the effects of blanching, various anti-browning solutions, and storage temperature. Unblanched potatoes pretreated with a mixture of 1% ascorbic acid and 0.5% citric acid, and stored at 2 °C, were found to have a shelf life of at least 1 mo without browning. Potatoes so treated differed sensorially from fresh potatoes, but were well received by consumers. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The process described here maintains the characteristics of fresh potato with all the amenities of a processed product. 相似文献
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本文通过对克新4号和克新13号马铃薯鲜切贮藏期间,褐变相关酶活性、相关底物的比较研究,探讨鲜切马铃薯褐变机理。结果表明:鲜切后1 h,克新4号即出现轻微褐变,4 h后褐变明显,而克新13号鲜切后12 h仍具有较好颜色,2 d后出现轻微褐变。两个品种马铃薯汁液颜色在初始时比较接近,而25 min后汁液颜色差异明显,克新4号褐变程度明显重于克新13号。褐变重的马铃薯,PPO活性高。切割后贮藏期间,克新4号PPO活性始终高于克新13号。克新4号酪氨酸酶活性高于克新13号,POD活性始终低于克新13号,两个品种的PAL活性差异不显著(p0.05)。褐变相关的主要底物可能是原儿茶酸,不是绿原酸。机械伤害增加了膜脂过氧化作用,导致了丙二醛含量的升高。 相似文献
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Sulphite treatment is often used for inhibition of enzymatic browning of pre-peeled potatoes. Introduction of CO2 or N2 gases in the immersion water was investigated as an alternative to sulphite. The samples were stored at 4 °C. Daily introduction of the gases reduced the O2 content from approx. 8.8 mg/L (measured at 20 °C) to 0.2-1.9 mg/L during the immersion period. The CO2 treatment inhibited the browning completely and N2 treatment did not. It is assumed that this is due to the lower pH in the CO2 water. When CO2 was added only one time at the start of the experiment, it also inhibited discoloration, but the immersion water developed a weak brown colour. Both the CO2 and the N2 treatment induced hardening in the outer potato tuber tissue after cooking after 4-7 d of storage, as did Na2SO3 solutions. 相似文献
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C Reyes-Moreno M A Parra-Inzunza J Milán-Carrillo J A Zazueta-Niebla 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(1):69-79
The objective of this work was to find the best combinations of ascorbic acid concentration/soaking time (Pretreatment 1), 4-hexylresorcinol concentration/soaking time (Pretreatment 2) and ascorbic acid concentration–4-hexylresorcinol concentration/soaking time (Pretreatment 3) to prevent the development of enzymatic browning in raw potato cubes (10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm). Potato variety Alpha was used as study model because of its low susceptibility to enzymatic browning. Response surface methodology was applied in all pretreatments on two response variables (Hunter L value and total colour difference) to find the best conditions for carrying out the pretreatments. The various pretreatments had variation levels for ascorbic acid (AA) concentration (1 and 3) and 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) concentration (2 and 3) of 1–4 and 0.04–0.20 g l−1 respectively; in all pretreatments the variation level for soaking time was 3–6 h. A central composite experimental design with two factors at five levels was used. Predictive models for Hunter L value and total colour difference were developed as a function of process or independent variables. The optimisation technique was applied to obtain maximum Hunter L values and minimum values of total colour difference. Surface superposition of these variables allowed identification of the best combinations of process variables for each pretreatment as (1) 2.9 g l−1 AA/4.8 h, (2) 0.04 g l−1 4HR/2.6 h and (3) 2.42 g l−1 AA–0.15 g l−1 4HR/5.41 h. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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茶饮料滋味独特、文化底蕴深厚且营养成分丰富,广受消费者的青睐,是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮料。汤色是评价茶饮料品质好坏的重要指标。不同类型的茶饮料呈现出不同的色泽,茶汤色泽的呈现是茶汤中各种物质综合作用的结果,这些物质主要包括儿茶素类、黄酮醇及其苷类以及花青素等,除此之外还有一些脂溶性色素。茶汤色泽劣变主要是由于这些物质易受茶饮料加工与贮藏条件的影响,从而发生一系列反应生成有色物质,致使茶汤变黄、变红、变褐。茶饮料色泽的劣变是制约该产业发展的主要瓶颈之一。本文从茶饮料中主要呈色物质及其在加工贮藏过程中的变化规律入手,对茶饮料色泽劣变机理和护色技术进行概括总结,旨在为茶饮料护色技术研发提供理论参考。 相似文献
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茶饮料滋味独特、文化底蕴深厚且营养成分丰富,广受消费者的青睐,是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮料。汤色是评价茶饮料品质好坏的重要指标。不同类型的茶饮料呈现出不同的色泽,茶汤色泽的呈现是茶汤中各种物质综合作用的结果,这些物质主要包括儿茶素类、黄酮醇及其苷类以及花青素等,除此之外还有一些脂溶性色素。茶汤色泽劣变主要是由于这些物质易受茶饮料加工与贮藏条件的影响,从而发生一系列反应生成有色物质,致使茶汤变黄、变红、变褐。茶饮料色泽的劣变是制约该产业发展的主要瓶颈之一。本文从茶饮料中主要呈色物质及其在加工贮藏过程中的变化规律入手,对茶饮料色泽劣变机理和护色技术进行概括总结,旨在为茶饮料护色技术研发提供理论参考。 相似文献
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本研究通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)法分析鉴定‘鄂薯12号’紫薯的花色苷成分,采用pH示差法和HPLC法研究该紫薯花色苷提取液在4、20、35 ℃贮藏98 d期间总花色苷和各单体花色苷的变化规律,并在此基础上研究了花色苷的降解动力学以及褐变指数和聚合物颜色指数。结果表明:从‘鄂薯12号’紫薯提取物中鉴定出13 种花色苷,主要为矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷-5-葡糖苷和芍药素-3-槐糖苷-5-葡糖苷与对羟基苯甲酸、阿魏酸或咖啡酸形成的酰基化花色苷;贮藏期间总花色苷和各单体花色苷的含量呈下降趋势,花色苷的降解符合一级动力学模型;4、20 ℃和35 ℃贮藏条件下总花色苷半衰期分别为228.8、48.1 d和32.6 d;在相同糖苷配体情况下,矢车菊素类花色苷的半衰期要短于芍药素;在相同花色素配体情况下,酰基化花色苷的半衰期要长于未酰基化花色苷,且二酰化花色苷的半衰期长于单酰化花色苷;褐变指数和聚合物颜色指数随贮藏时间的延长和贮藏温度的升高而增大,并且聚合物颜色指数与花色苷含量之间呈指数关系。 相似文献
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随着人们生活水平的提高,鲜切果蔬凭借自身的优势开始进入人们的视线,鲜切马铃薯由于其丰富的营养和方便性被人们广泛应用。鲜切马铃薯在去皮和切割过程中,细胞组织结构会受到损伤,引发一系列的生理代谢变化,这些变化对马铃薯的品质质量及色泽都产生很大影响,最主要的是切割会诱导酶促褐变反应的快速发生,使鲜切马铃薯的外观品质迅速降低。本文综述了鲜切马铃薯褐变发生的机理,同时对国内外控制鲜切马铃薯褐变技术的方法进行归纳,总结了物理、化学等不同方法的研究进展并提出相应建议,为后续鲜切马铃薯的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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LUIS E. RODRIGUEZ-SAONA RONALD E. WROLSTAD CLIFF PEREIRA 《Journal of food science》1997,62(5):1001-1010
The contribution of potato constituents to color development in fried chips was evaluated using model systems. Soluble constituents of potato slices were removed using water and ethanol. Leached slices were infiltrated with pH 6.2 solutions containing sucrose, reducing sugars (glucose and fructose), ascorbic, chlorogenic and amino acids (asparagine and glutamine) in quantities typical for potatoes. Infiltrated slice composition was evaluated by HPLC. Slices were fried and the color measured. Reducing sugars showed linear association with L* and hue angle and quadratic relationship with chroma of chips. Ascorbic acid affected chip color at low reducing sugar levels (40 mg/100g tuber); sucrose also contributed to chip color development. 相似文献
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目的抑制紫薯酒的褐变,提高果酒的品质。方法以紫薯1号为原料,研究紫薯酒加工过程中褐变抑制剂对果酒褐变的抑制效果。在单因素试验的基础上,通过L_9(3~4)正交试验优化抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、蜂蜜和壳聚糖的最佳添加量。结果影响紫薯酒褐变度的因素依次为:柠檬酸添加量(B)壳聚糖添加量(D)抗坏血酸添加量(A)蜂蜜添加量(C),最佳褐变抑制剂条件为抗坏血酸添加量0.8%,柠檬酸添加量0.5%,蜂蜜添加量12%,壳聚糖添加量0.06%。结论发酵前添加一定剂量的褐变抑制剂有利于抑制紫薯酒的褐变现象。 相似文献