Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr镁合金的组织和性能

设计了新型Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr镁合金,并用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及拉伸试验机对合金铸态、均匀化态及挤压态的显微组织特征和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,铸态Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr合金组织主要由α-Mg基体和沿晶界分布的块状长周期堆垛有序结构相组成,均匀化处理(450℃×16h)促使细小层片状的长周期堆垛有序结构相由晶界向晶内生长。挤压态Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr合金在200℃下时效处理,无明显时效硬化现象,但挤压态合金具有优良的强韧性能,室温抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为335MPa、276MPa和17%。     

相图计算在Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.6Zn-0.5Zr新型变形镁合金热处理工艺设计中的应用

本文以相图热力学计算为基础,计算了Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.6Zn-0.5Zr新型合金的垂直截面图,并结合扎克哈罗夫经验公式和合金的DSC曲线分析设计了该合金的热处理工艺,并用CMT5105A型电子万能试验机和显微硬度仪测试了该合金的力学性能。结果表明：在计算所得的Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.6Zn-0.5Zr相图指导下制定的热处理工艺是正确的;挤压态Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.6Zn-0.5Zr合金的最佳热处理工艺为：200℃时效63 h,抗拉强度σb为=430 MPa,比挤压态提高了30.9%。     

热处理对Mg-8Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.6Zr合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪和万能力学试验机等研究了固溶和时效处理对Mg-8Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.6Zr合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Mg-8Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.6Zr合金铸态、固溶态和时效态的显微组织均由α-Mg基体、Mg₅(Gd, Y, Zn)相和LPSO结构组成;合金经固溶和时效处理后的最大抗拉强度由铸态的187.96 MPa提高到241.93 MPa,提高了28.71%,伸长率由铸态的8.48%提高到13.91%,提高了64.03%;不同热处理状态下合金的拉伸断口形貌主要以脆性断裂为主。     

稀土元素Y和Nd对ZK60合金组织与性能的影响

以ZK60变形镁合金为基础添加稀土元素Y和Nd,获得了化学成分(质量分数)分别为Mg-5.5Zn-0.7Zr-0.4Y-0.4Nd,Mg-5.5Zn-0.7Zr-0.5Y-0.5Nd和Mg-5.5Zn-0.7Zr-0.6Y-0.6Nd的镁合金。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等观察了ZK60合金和ZK60RE合金的铸态、均匀化以及轧制态的显微组织。结果表明,稀土元素Y和Nd混合添加能够细化ZK60合金的铸态、均匀化以及轧制态组织,并且可以明显提高其室温断裂强度,在该文试验范围内,随着稀土元素含量的增加室温断裂强度增加,其中化学成分为Mg-5.5Zn-0.7Zr-0.5Y-0.5Nd和Mg-5.5Zn-0.7Zr-0.6Y-0.6Nd的合金比未添加稀土元素的ZK60合金室温断裂强度分别提高了20.09%和20.56%。     

Mg-1Gd(Nd)-0.6Zr镁合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射和拉伸试验等方法,研究了Mg-1Gd-0.6Zr和Mg-1Nd-0.6Zr镁合金在铸态、挤压态和时效态的室温组织和力学性能。结果表明,Mg-1Gd-0.6Zr和Mg-1Nd-0.6Zr合金平均晶粒尺寸小于Mg-0.6Zr合金的晶粒尺寸,由300μm分别细化为100μm和80μm左右,晶界上分别有少量的颗粒状Mg₅Gd相和不规则形状的Mg₄₁Nd₅、Mg₁₂Nd相。挤压态Mg-1Gd-0.6Zr和Mg-1Nd-0.6Zr合金出现了变形晶粒和动态再结晶晶粒构成的双峰组织,时效后双峰组织更加明显。时效态Mg-1Nd-0.6Zr合金的力学性能最好,抗拉强度为201.71 Mpa,比挤压态高3.6%,比铸态高23%,比时效态Mg-1Gd-0.6Zr合金高2%。时效态Mg-1Nd-0.6Zr合金的伸长率为29.2%,比挤压态高4.3%,比铸态高46%,比时效态Mg-1Gd-0.6Zr合金高15.4%。     

稀土元素Gd对Mg-Zn-Zr镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过砂型铸造制备Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr和Mg-5Zn-3Gd-0.6Zr合金,并通过XRD、OM、SEM和EDS以及拉伸试验研究合金化稀土元素Cd对Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr合金铸造组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:合金Mg-5Zn-0.6zr铸态组织由a-Mg和MgZn2等合金相组成.经固溶处理后,共晶组织全部溶入基体,晶界消失;添加合金化元素Gd后,试验合金Mg-5Zn-Gd-0.6Zr的晶粒显著细化,晶界处析出Mg-Zn-Gd三元相,在晶界析出相的周围均有大量弥散的颗粒状析出物,经固溶处理后,晶界处仍有未溶的化合物存在,但连续网状的Mg-Zn-Gd三元相分解为孤立的颗粒状或者长条状;在铸态下,合金Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr的力学性能优于Mg-5Zn-3Gd-0.6Zr.但经T4和T6态热处理后,合金Mg-5Zn-3Gd-0.6Zr的屈服强度和延伸率优于Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr.随着温度的升高,合金Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr 的抗拉伸强度显著下降,而Mg-5Zn-3Gd-0.6Zr的力学性能在高温区均优于Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr.     

热处理对Mg-Zn-Y-Zr合金组织及性能的影响

研究了热处理对Mg-0.8Zn-0.15Y-0.6Zr合金微观组织、力学性能及阻尼性能的影响.结果表明:合金铸态及热处理态的微观组织均由α-Mg和(Mg3YZn6)相组成,(Mg,YZn6)相在热处理过程中表现出良好的热稳定性;热处理温度为400℃时,组织中有富Zr的α-Mg新相析出.与铸态相比,合金热处理后的抗拉强度最大提高了15.2%,伸长率最大提高了10.4%.随着热处理温度的升高,合金应变振幅无关阻尼性能逐渐降低.     

Mg-1Er-1Nd-xY(x=0、0.3、1wt%)-0.6Zr合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热分析法(DTA)以及拉伸力学试验等方法,研究了Mg-1Er-1Nd-x Y(x=0、0.3、1,wt%)-0.6Zr合金在铸态和挤压态时的组织和力学性能。结果表明:三种铸造合金的组织都是由α-Mg和形状各异的Mg-RE(Er、Nd、Y)化合物组成。Mg-1Er-1Nd-0.3Y-0.6Zr合金的晶粒尺寸为50μm。挤压后Mg-1Er-1Nd-0.3Y-0.6Zr合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为210.77 MPa、82.15 MPa和35%,相比铸态时分别提高了30%、5%和250%。     

Zn含量对Mg-xZn-3Y-0.7Zr合金组织和性能的影响

采用低压铸造制备了Mg-xZn-3Y-0.7Zr合金,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、热分析仪等设备,研究了Zn含量对合金微观组织的影响,并通过热处理工艺来改善合金微观组织中的第二相分布,从而提高合金的力学性能。结果表明,Mg-5Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金主要含有α-Mg和W-Mg3Zn3Y2相,其中W相呈网状在晶界上分布;当Zn含量为8%时,铸态组织中树枝晶明显增多,并且出现了I-Mg3Zn6Y相;热处理后I相消失,网状分布的W相被打断,在三角晶界处仍有鱼骨状片层共晶组织。Mg-5Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金铸态抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为223.8MPa、124.9MPa和7.3%,经过T6处理后提升效果不明显,而Mg-8Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金在铸态时力学性能较差,经过T6处理后其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率为263.3 MPa、207.9 MPa和2.2%。Mg-5Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金的断裂机制为准解理断裂,断口处有发生塑性变形而出现的撕裂棱。Mg-8Zn-3Y-0.7Zr合金的断裂机制主要为解理断裂,并没有发现韧窝。     

Zr含量对Mg-5Zn-2Al镁合金组织与性能的影响

采用光学显微镜及拉伸试验机等手段,研究了Zr含量对Mg-5Zn-2Al合金铸态和热处理后显微组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明,Zr的加入使Mg-5Zn-2Al镁合金的铸态和热处理后的晶粒得到明显的细化.在铸态及热处理条件下,合金的抗拉强度与伸长率均呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势.对于铸态合金而言,Zr含量为0.6%时,Mg-5Zn-2Al合金的晶粒最为细小,并且其抗拉强度与伸长率均达到最大值,为215 MPa和12.563%.经热处理后,合金的抗拉强度较铸态得到了显著地提高.当Zr含量为0.6%时,合金的抗拉强度达到最大,为249 MPa.     

高强Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr合金的微观组织和力学性能

通过金属模铸、热挤压和时效处理(T5)工艺过程制备出高强Mg-7Gd-4Y-1.6Zn-0.5Zr合金,并利用光学显微镜、XRD、SEM及TEM分析研究Mg合金不同状态下的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:Mg-7Gd-4Y-1.6Zn-0.5Zr合金的铸态组织主要由α-Mg基体和沿晶界分布的片层状第二相Mg12Zn(Gd,Y)组成,经过热挤压变形后,合金晶粒显著细化,时效处理过程中Mg12Zn(Gd,Y)相上析出少量细小的颗粒状Mg3Zn3(Gd,Y)2相。时效态合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别达到446 MPa、399 MPa和6.1%,其强化方式主要为细晶强化和第二相强化。     

Microstructures and Properties of Reciprocatingly Extruded Mg-6.4Zn-1.1Y Alloys

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn- Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the α-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3 YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

MICROSTRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF RECIPROCATINGLY EXTRUDED Mg-6.4Zn-1.IY ALLOYS

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn-Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the a-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

Nd对铸态及轧制态Mg-Zn-Y合金组织及性能的影响

在Mg-3.5Zn-0.6Y合金中添加不同含量(0、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%)的稀土元素Nd,研究其对Mg-3.5Zn-0.6Y合金铸态及轧制态显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加0.4%、0.8%的Nd的合金晶粒较细小,呈等轴晶,并且含有Mg41Nd5和Mg24Y5相。镁合金在热轧时第二相被破碎,晶粒变得更加细小。铸态合金经400℃×12h扩散退火,轧制态合金经400℃×0.5h退火后抗拉强度及伸长率最大,分别为234MPa、14.6%和265MPa、11.7%。     

铸态与挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr合金在5% NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为(英文)

在5%NaCl水溶液中通过浸泡和电化学测试研究铸态与挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr镁合金的腐蚀性能。铸态和挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr镁合金的平均晶粒尺寸分别为100μm和15μm。在腐蚀初期,铸态合金的腐蚀形貌为点蚀和少量丝状腐蚀,挤压态合金的腐蚀形貌为点蚀。挤压态合金的腐蚀速率大于铸态合金的腐蚀速率。包含稀土的第二相在合金中作为阴极,改善了合金的腐蚀性能。铸态与挤压态合金的腐蚀电位分别为-1.658V和-1.591V。探讨了铸态与挤压态合金腐蚀性能不同的原因。     

添加微量Sc、Zr对超高强铝合金微观结构和性能的影响

采用低频电磁铸造技术制备Al-9Zn-2.8Mg-2.5Cu-x Zr-y Sc（x=0,0.15%,0.15%;y=0,0.05%,0.15%）合金,借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、力学性能测试等手段分别对其均匀化、热挤压态、固溶态和时效态的组织与性能进行对比分析。结果表明：添加微量Sc和Zr,会在凝固过程中形成初生Al3（Sc,Zr）,可显著细化合金铸态晶粒;均匀化时形成的次生Al3（Sc,Zr）粒子可以强烈钉扎位错和亚晶界,有效抑制变形组织的再结晶,显著提高合金的力学性能。与不含Sc、Zr的合金相比,含0.05%Sc和0.15%Zr的合金经固溶处理和峰值时效处理后其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别提高172 MPa和218 MPa,其强化作用主要来自含Sc、Zr化合物对合金起到的亚结构强化、析出强化和细晶强化。     

Microstructure characterization and effect of extrusion temperature on biodegradation behavior of Mg-5Zn-1Y-xCa alloy

Microstructure and biodegradation behavior of as-cast and hot extruded Mg-5Zn-1Y alloy containing different amounts of calcium (0.0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%, mass fraction) were explored. The extrusion process was conducted at three different temperatures of 300, 330, and 370 °C. Chemical composition, phase constitution, microstructure, and biodegradation behavior of the alloys were investigated. The macro- and micro-scopic examination revealed that the addition of Ca refines the grain structure and forms an intermetallic phase, Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃. The hot extrusion process resulted in breaking the intermetallic phases into fine particles routed to the extrusion direction. Moreover, dynamic recrystallization happened in almost all alloys, and more bimodal microstructure was formed in the alloys when the alloys were extruded at 370 °C. Polarization curves showed no passive region, which indicated that active polarization dominated in the alloys; therefore, grain refining through Ca addition and dynamic recrystallization over hot extrusion operation increased biodegradation rate. The results show that the as-cast Mg-5Zn-1Y-0.1Ca alloy provides the highest corrosion resistance, and the extruded Mg-5Zn-1Y-0.5Ca alloy at 300 °C shows the lowest biodegradation rate among the extruded alloys. Therefore, hot extrusion does not always improve the biodegradation behavior of magnesium alloys.     

Zr含量对Mg-3Zn-1Y合金显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响

采用传统重力铸造法制备了Mg-3Zn-1Y-xZr (x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)合金,并通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、失重和电化学实验研究了Zr含量对Mg-3Zn-1Y显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响.结果 表明:Mg-3Zn-1Y主要由α-Mg基质和Mg3YZr6(Ⅰ)相组成,Zr的加入没有改变第二相的类...