季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成

研究了季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成方法．并对其反应条件进行了探讨．分析讨论各反应因素对阳离子取代度及产品性能的影响，选择并确定反应的最佳条件。     

季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成

研究了季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成方法,并对其反应条件进行了探讨,分析讨论各反应因素对阳离子取代度及产品性能的影响,选择并确定反应的最佳条件。     

季铵型阳离子淀粉醚取代度的研究

介绍了变性淀粉取代度的概念，季铵型阳离子淀粉醚取代度的测定方法以及取代度对阳离子淀粉醚性质和使用效果的影响，着重讨论了制备过程中反应温度，反应时间，阳离子试剂等因素对季铵型阳离子淀粉醚取代度的影响。     

高取代度阳离子淀粉的研究

本文采用半干法制取高取代度阳离子淀粉，并对高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成原理和合成条件进行研究，通过实验，分析讨论反应温度、碱的用量及反应介质条件等因素对阳离子取代度及产品性能的影响，选择并确定反应的最佳条件。     

季铵型低取代度阳离子淀粉的合成

以玉米淀粉及3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为原料,采用水法制备低取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉,讨论了醚化剂用量、NaOH用量、反应温度、反应时间等对取代度的影响。结果表明,最佳合成条件为:淀粉50 g,醚化剂用量3 g,NaOH用量为0.77 g,反应温度40℃,反应时间2 h,制备的阳离子淀粉取代度可达0.079。     

高取代度阳离子淀粉合成工艺研究

以环氧氯丙烷和三甲胺为原料，采用水介质合成季铵型阳离子醚化剂，实验研究了反应体系的pH和反应温度对产率的影响。在正交实验的基础上，实验探．索了阳离子淀粉制备工艺中的NaOH用量、水用量及反应温度对产物取代度和反应效率的影响，并在此基础上考察了醚化剂用量与产物取代度之间的关系，研究结果表明：干法制备阳离子淀粉的最佳工艺条件为，碱粉比：0．13；水粉比：0．23；反应温度：75％；反应时间：2．5h，当醚化剂用量为50％时，产物的取代度为0．427，反应效率达80．5％。     

高取代度阳离子淀粉改性棉纤维用于活性染料无盐染色的研究

本文以取代度为0.6的高取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉为阳离子化试剂,对棉纤维进行阳离子化改性,用于活性染料无盐染色.通过改性棉纤维表面Zeta电位变化和染料等温吸附曲线对无盐染色促染机理进行研究,对有盐染色和无盐染色中的染料色光、色牢度和染色纤维折皱回复性和强度性能进行比较,从而对高取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉的应用性能进行综合评...     

阳离子改性淀粉絮凝剂的制备及应用

以糯玉米淀粉为原料,3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为阳离子醚化剂,采用预干燥干法制备高取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉絮凝剂.考察了醚化剂用量、氢氧化钠与醚化剂摩尔比、反应温度及反应时间对取代度的影响,优化出制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:醚化剂的加入量为绝干淀粉量的52.5%,氢氧化钠与醚化剂摩尔比为1.2,反应温度80℃,反应时间5 h.将阳离子淀粉对玫瑰花色素酒精废液进行絮凝脱色性能测定,结果表明当阳离子淀粉量浓度为1250 mg·L-1、取代度为0.3342时,脱色率达78.42%.     

季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成

采用3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为醚化剂,通过干法对淀粉进行改性,合成季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉。研究了体系中水的质量分数、CTA用量、CTA与NaOH的摩尔比、反应时间、反应温度对产品的取代度和黏度的影响。最佳合成条件为:淀粉100 g,体系中水的质量分数25%,n(CTA)∶n(NaOH)=1∶1.2,反应时间4 h,反应温度70℃。在此条件下制得的阳离子淀粉取代度高达0.598,质量分数0.5%糊液的黏度为0.079Pa.s。干法具有合成工艺简单、反应效率高、环境污染小、成本低等优点。对其市场前景进行了展望。     

甲醇介质中制备阳离子淀粉醚

以精制淀粉 (Ⅰ )与 3 氯 2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵 (Ⅱ )为原料 ,甲醇为溶剂 ,在碱性条件下合成季铵型阳离子淀粉醚。采用凯氏滴定法分析产品中氮的质量分数 ,得出制备季铵型阳离子淀粉醚的最佳反应条件 :m(Ⅰ )∶m(CH3 OH) =1∶1,m(Ⅰ )∶m(Ⅱ ) =10 0∶6 96 ,n(Ⅱ )∶n(NaOH) =1 0∶1 5 ,反应温度 80℃ ,反应时间 8h。在此条件下制备的季铵型阳离子淀粉醚中氮的质量分数为 0 32 4% ,取代度为 0 0 388,反应效率为 6 4.8% ,甲醇回收率为 75 %     

淀粉改性及其在胶料中的应用

将淀粉进行表面醚化和酯化疏水改性,研究改性淀粉在胶料中的应用。结果表明:改性淀粉替代部分炭黑对胶料物理性能有一定影响,采用酯醚淀粉替代部分炭黑的胶料物理性能明显优于采用轻质碳酸钙替代部分炭黑的胶料,与白炭黑替代部分炭黑的胶料物理性能接近;改性淀粉与偶联剂KH550和KH570配合的胶料物理性能较好;轮胎胎面胶中用8~10份改性淀粉替代部分炭黑可以明显提高胶料的耐屈挠性能并降低生热。     

土豆淀粉马来酸酐酯的合成、表征及性能研究

研究了以聚乙二醇、水、乙醇三种不同极性的物质为反应溶剂,土豆淀粉马来酸酐酯的合成过程控制、表征及透明度、冻融稳定性的研究。在聚乙二醇反应体系中,pH=8～8．5,温度为50℃、马来酸酐占淀粉量50％的时,酯化淀粉的取代度最高,可以达到1．8702;随着温度的升高,其取代度反而下降,这说明,在高温度下反应导致酯化过程发生逆反应,而使其取代度降低。通过FTIR、DSC和XRD等现代手段对酯化淀粉进行表征,可以得出其结晶度从59．2％下降到21．18％。而且,酯化淀粉的透明度有了一定的提高,冻融稳定性好。以上性能对成膜的质量有着决定性作用。     

Effect of the cationic starch on removal of Ni and V from crude oils under microwave irradiation

The effect of cationic starches on removal of nickel and vanadium from crude oils in the presence of microwaves was investigated. A series of cationic starches with different degrees of substitution synthesized by a microwave-dry process were used to remove nickel and vanadium from crude oils. The effects of a number of factors, such as the degree of substitution of cationic starches, microwave time and cationic starches dose on nickel and vanadium removal efficiencies from the crude oils were investigated. The results indicate that the higher the degree of cation substitution on the cationic starch, the greater the effect of electrostatic adsorption of the heavy metal positive ions. Sample CS4 (CS is the abbreviation of the cationic starch) had the best effect on nickel and vanadium removal efficiencies in cationic starch series. The optimum conditions for nickel and vanadium removal from crude oils were as follows: (a) amount of CS4 200 mg/L, (b) microwave power 300 W and (c) microwave time 5 min. Under these conditions, the removal efficiencies of nickel from Iranian and Shengli crude oils were 55% and 60%, respectively, and the removal efficiencies of vanadium were 76% and 79%, respectively.     

冷制氧化淀粉及快干型淀粉粘合剂

本文介绍了用玉米面粉和淀粉制备氧化淀粉的方法及产品性能，产率和应用氧化淀粉配制氧化淀粉合剂，上浆剂等的方法，该氧化淀粉广泛用于瓦楞 纸箱，贴面瓦楞 纸板，造纸工业的施胶及纺织经纱上浆剂等的配制，要以代替铴花碱，ＰＶＡ粘合剂及白乳胶。     

重质碳酸钙在线表面改性对留着率的影响

研究的目的是在对造纸工艺不作重大改变的条件下，用助留剂阳离子淀粉对重质碳酸钙进行在线表面改性，该方法改性的重质碳酸钙能提高其在纤维中的留着率。实验发现，用阳离子淀粉对重质碳酸钙在线进行表面改性，对提高其留着率来说是相当经济的选择。     

Multilayer assembly of ionic starches on old corrugated container recycled cellulosic fibers

In this study, old corrugated container recycled fibers were treated with polyelectrolyte multilayers consisting of biopolymer cationic starch with two degrees of substitution (DS) each in combination with one anionic starch. Pulp zeta potential, paper strength and the thin layer ellipsometry technique were applied to examine the influence of cationic starch DS on the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers. The results indicated a significant interaction between the DS of cationic starch and the number of ionic starch layers formed. When low‐DS cationic starch was used, the pulp zeta potential and the paper strength increased significantly in assembling the first cationic layer. However, in depositing high‐DS cationic starch a greater zeta potential and a stronger influence on the paper strength were observed with a larger number of starch layers. This was confirmed by thin layer ellipsometry when a greater thickness of multilayers was achieved by employing high‐DS cationic starch to form a higher number of layers. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的研究

N (2 ,3 环氧丙基 )三甲基氯化铵 (GTA)阳离子化试剂 ,干法制备了高取代度季铵型阳离子淀粉。通过正交实验 ,研究了氢氧化钠用量、反应温度和反应时间对取代度和反应效率的影响。当淀粉用量为 5 5g ,GTA用量为 3 3g时 ,最佳反应条件为 :氢氧化钠 0 0 8g ,反应温度 80℃ ,反应时间 2 5h ,取代度为 0 5 6 ,反应效率为 83 8%。     

阳离子交换树脂催化水解多元酸酯的研究

以阳离子交换树脂作为水解催化剂,对2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸五甲酯水解制备α-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-二三羧酸（PBTCA）的反应进行了研究,确定了适宜的工艺条件：水酯质量比为（1．1～1．2）：1,催化剂质量分数（占酯总质量）3．5％～4％,反应温度115～120℃,反应时间16h。以阳离子交换树脂代替液体酸作催化剂催化水解2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸五甲酯,具有不腐蚀设备,反应后易于分离,催化剂用量少且可以再生重复利用,反应时间短,产品质量较高等优点;经^31P NMR谱测定,确认产品为PBTCA,并测得产品中PBTCA的物质的量分数为90．5％。     

Impact of the soak and the malt on the physicochemical properties of the sorghum starches

Starches were isolated from soaked and malted sorghum and studied to understand their physicochemical and functional properties. The swelling power (SP) and the water solubility index (WSI) of both starches were nearly similar at temperatures below 50 °C, but at more than 50 °C, the starch isolated from malted sorghum showed lower SP and high WSI than those isolated from raw and soaked sorghum. The pasting properties of starches determined by rapid visco-analyzer (RVA) showed that malted sorghum starch had a lower viscosity peak value (86 BU/RVU) than raw sorghum starch (454 BU/RVU). For both sorghum, X-ray diffractograms exhibited an A-type diffraction pattern, typical of cereal starches and the relative degrees of crystallinity ranged from 9.62 to 15.50%. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that raw sorghum starch showed an endotherm with a peak temperature (Tp) at 78.06 °C and gelatinization enthalpies of 2.83 J/g whereas five-day malted sorghum starch had a Tp at 47.22 °C and gelatinization enthalpies of 2.06 J/g. Storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″) of all starch suspensions increased steeply to a maximum at 70 °C and then decreased with continuous heating. The structural analysis of malted sorghum starch showed porosity on the granule's surface susceptible to the amylolysis. The results showed that physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum starches are influenced by soaking and malting methods.