四苯硼根离子选择电极的研制及其应用

以三辛基十二烷基铵－四苯硼缔合物为电活性物质，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯为溶剂介体研制了四苯硼根涂碳ＰＶＣ膜离子选择电极，测试了它的性能，结果良好，以它的指示电极，四苯硼钠标准溶液为滴定剂，用电位滴定法测定了片剂中黄连素的含量，结果与药典法一致，本文还用该电极测试计算了四苯硼钾，四苯硼银和四苯硼黄连素的溶度积常数。前二者与文献一致，所者尚未见报导。     

离子缔合型离子选择电极的研究Ⅶ.PVC膜铯离子选择电极的研制

铯离子选择电极研制,国外曾报道过四苯硼铯液膜型、冠醚—PVC 膜型和非均相固膜型等类型。但四苯硼铯—PVC 膜铯电极未见文献报道。本文在离子缔合型阴离子选择电极研究的基础上,报道一种以四苯硼铯为活性物质的PVC 膜铯电极——离子缔合型阳离子电极。经过活性剂、溶剂、增塑剂的筛选试验和膜配方配比试验、确定膜的最佳组成为:四苯硼铯的硝基苯饱和溶液50%、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯30%、聚氯乙烯20%。     

电位——pH图解法测定弱酸的离解常数

本文依据弱酸在水溶液中的离解平衡和电极的响应特性,导出用电位－ｐＨ图来求解弱酸离解常数的方法。用本法对ＨＦ和Ｈ２Ｓ的离解常数进行了测定,结果分别为ｐＫ＝３．０８（ＨＦ）;ｐＫ１＝６．７７;ｐＫ２＝１４．８６（Ｈ２Ｓ）,与文献值基本一致。     

铊（1）离子电化学传感器的研究2.以30—冠—10铊（1）离子电极测定铊（1）

以合成的四种３０－冠－１０衍生物中性载体制备了ＰＶＣ膜铊（１）离子电极，探讨了冠醚结构，增塑剂，添加物与电极性能的关系，以１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸镁为离子强度调节剂，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯增塑的添加有四（对氯苯）硼钾的四叔丁基二苯并－３０－冠－１０铊（１）电极的线性响应范围为１×１０＾－５～５×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（ＴｌＮＯ３）Ｋ＾ｐｏｔｔ１，ｋ为０．１８。同时应用该电极和缬氨霉素钾电极作为双指示电极，     

离子缔合型离子选择电极的研究—ⅩⅣ.硼—苯羟乙酸络阴离子电极

本文报道一种硼－苯羟乙酸络阴离子电极。电极对硼－苯羟乙酸络阴离子的线性响应下限为６×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，斜率５９ｍＶ／ｐＣ（２５℃）。对其它阴离子的选择性优于氟硼酸根电极。用此电极测定了稀土合金中的硼。     

离子缔合型离子选择电极的研究—XIII.苯酰胆碱电极的研制及在有机磷农...

本文报道一种用直链烷基苯磺酸盐制成的ＰＶＣ膜苯酰胆碱电极，电极对苯酰胆碱的线性响应下限为４×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，对胆碱的选择系数为６×１０＾－４，均比文献报道的同类电极为优。用本电极跟踪苯酰胆碱的催化水解反应，并从水解反应抑制百分率定性判断有机磷的存在，有助于有机磷农药中毒的现场鉴别。     

用氟硼酸根电极电位滴定法间接测定磷酸二氢钠中的硫酸根

R.J.Levins和R.M.Ikeda在1965年提出了用四苯硼化钠直接电位滴定聚乙二醇及其衍生物;随后在1971年R.J.Levins同样利用聚乙二醇、钡和四苯硼化钠生成的(钅羊)盐沉淀这一性质,试制成了钡离子选择电极;殷学锋等成功地应用四苯硼酸根电极以四苯硼化钠滴定钡离子和镀铬液中的硫酸根。我们以氟硼酸根电极为指示电极,在聚乙二醇(PEG—600)存在下,加入过量的钡标准溶液沉淀硫酸根,然后用四苯硼化钠     

用TPB电极测定RE（TMSO）8（TPB）3中的TPB含量

TPB 为四苯硼酸根的缩写,TPB 的测定方法有重量法、萃取滴定法和孔雀绿为显色剂的光度法等。TPB 电极作为滴定剂电极的研究较多,但尚无用于 TPB 分析的报导。本文以 DTOA-TPB 为活性材料,以 DBP 一氯苯为溶剂制成 PVC 膜 TPB 电极,避免了文献中所用的毒性较大的 DBP 一硝基苯溶剂。并用该电极为指示电极,N—CPC 为滴定剂,成功地测定了环丁基亚砜四苯硼稀土络合物中的四苯硼酸根含量。     

盐酸氟桂嗪离子选择性电极的研制

本文报导了所研制的盐酸氟桂嗪离子选择性电极。基于不同的离子缔合物，含量及增塑剂对电极性能的影响，采用正交设计法来综合考察了它们的交互作用，筛选了电极膜的组成，测试了电极的性能，结果表明：以盐酸氟桂嗪－四苯硼钠离子缔合物为活性物质，ＤＢＰ或ＤＯＰ为增塑剂制成的ＰＶＣ膜电极的性能最佳，其响应范围为１．０×１０＾－４－５×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为３．５×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，响应斜率为５８ｍＶ／     

苯海索电极的研制和应用

本文以苯海索—四苯硼为活性物质,邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯等为增塑剂,研制成苯海索电极。该电极在0.05～2mg/ml 和10~(-2)～10~(-4)M 苯海索标准溶液中呈线性关系。用该电极测定盐酸苯海索及片剂含量和均匀度,均得到满意结果。本法简便、快速。     

The activity coefficient of oxygen in ternary liquid An-Cu-Ag and similar alloys

A theoretical equation is derived for the activity coefficient of oxygen in ternary liquid solutions A-B-C. For this solution, the oxygen behavior in binary B-C may be described by the Wagner one- parameter equation, while those in binaries C-A and A-B by the two-parameter equation. The calculated values of the activity coefficient of oxygen in ternary Sn-Cu-Ag using this equation agree well with the experimental data reported in the literature.     

在Maple平台上应用最小二乘法估算动力学参数

以大量实验数据为基础在Maple平台上运用最小二乘法,估算了气相苯加氢反应中反应速率常数及苯的吸附平衡常数,结果较为满意;并且估算了CO与Cl_2在活性炭表面上催化合成光气的反应中动力学的最优参数,计算值与实验值的最大相对误差不超过5%;最后推算了NO与H_2反应的反应速度方程式,计算值与文献值很相似。应用这种方法既克服手工计算的繁琐、工作量大的缺点,还能提高计算的精度,大大地方便了化学反应速率式的确定。     

A Thermodynamic description and phase relationships of the FeCr system: Part II the liquid phase and the fcc phase

The high-temperature thermodynamic data and phase equilibria of the FeCr binary reported in the literature are assessed. A set of thermodynamic values for the liquid, bcc and fcc phases are obtained. These values are internally consistent and the calculated phase equilibria are in agreement with the measured phase boundary data. Metastable equilibria for the liquid and fcc phases are also calculated.     

The decorrelation time of microwave radar echoes from the sea surface†

The case is considered of a CW microwave radar looking at the sea surface at moderate angles of incidence. This is treated using the ‘facet’ concept, in which the sea surface is considered as being covered by spatially uncorrelated facets, each a small number of Bragg wavelengths across and being transported by the particle velocities in the longer sea waves. The facets are considered to have an unknown decorrelation time. In two cases simplifications allow approximate numerical values for the coherent decorrelation time of the radar return to be calculated. These are compared with measured bandwidths and decorrelation times reported in the literature. These agree adequately with the theory and indicate that the facet decorrelation time is long. However, some properly thought-out measurements of coherent decorrelation time are badly needed.     

快速提升小波变换及其在电位滴定信号处理中的应用

介绍了快速提升小波变换的原理和实现步骤,提出了一种基于提升算法的快速小波变换确定电位滴定终点新方法。分别对HAc、H2C2O4、H3PO4及苯酚的滴定曲线进行提升小波变换得到小波系数γNaOH,所得小波系数的极大值对应于滴定曲线的突跃部分。研究发现,滴定突跃越大,｜γ｜越大,酸性越弱,峰越宽。将由提升算法得到的计算结果与由实际加入的酸的量而求出在达到终点时理论上应消耗NaOH体积进行对照,验证了快速提升小波变换确定电位滴定终点的可靠性。对电位滴定实验数据的处理结果表明,该法快速、准确,可为计算机实时确定电位滴定终点开辟一条新的途径。     

利用场耦合理论研究开放微波谐振腔

利用电磁场的等效原理,将一个开放微波腔等效于一个闭合边界微波腔（即封闭微波腔）和开放边界（即行波吸收边界）两部分,然后利用等效封闭微波腔的本征模式及其与开放边界的耦合,建立了关于开放微波腔模式（即模式场分布、频率、品质因子）的耦合方程组,其中开放边界为行波吸收边界.以X波段六腔渡越振荡管为例进行分析,将该振荡管等效为封闭微波腔和同轴输出结构两部分,用SUPPERFISH获得封闭腔的各个模式场分布及频率,然后根据封闭微波腔与开放边界的耦合,求得六腔渡越振荡管的工作模频率为9.25GHz,品质因子为115.2,与实验测量结果基本符合.     

Assessment of the temperature and pressure dependence of molar volume and phase diagrams of Cu and Zn

This study reports the thermodynamic assessment of the temperature and pressure dependence of molar volume of Cu and Zn, as well as their P–T phase diagrams based on the CALPHAD approach. The molar volume of fcc-Cu, hcp-Zn, and liquid phases as a function of both temperature and pressure was directly assessed from the data reported in the literature by implementing the CALPHAD-compatible equation of state (EOS). This EOS incorporates the quasi-harmonic model to eliminate the spurious predictions of negative heat capacity and thermal expansion at high pressure. Furthermore, the P–T phase diagram of each element was determined on the basis of the experimental results and calculated parameters. The experimentally estimated thermodynamic values are in good agreement with the calculated results.     

Comparison between calculated and measured thermodynamic data of liquid (Ag, Au, Cu)-Sn-Zn alloys

The activity of zinc was measured in a series of liquid alloys in the three ternary systems, Ag-Sn-Zn [94Kar], Au-Sn-Zn [96Kar] and Cu-Sn-Zn [97Pen], with an emf (electromotive for e) method. From these measurements and the slope of the emf vs. temperature (dE/dT) all thermodynamic properties were derived. The experimental values were compared with calculated results. For these calculations four different models were applied and the thermodynamic data of the binary systems, obtained from the literature, were used.