磷钨酸／双氧水对富芳烃轻油的氧化脱硫作用

以双氧水为氧化剂,磷钨酸为催化剂,乙腈为溶剂,对中国石油乌鲁木齐石化公司生产的富芳烃轻油进行了氧化脱硫。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为：双氧水占油品质量的5％,磷钨酸催化剂用量为原料油质量0．64％,反应温度60℃,反应时间80min。在此条件下,富芳烃轻油经氧化及萃取后,硫含量从1047．5ug／g降至268．4ug／g,脱硫率为74．4％,且电子效应强的有机硫化物相对较易脱除。     

Ultrasound assisted catalytic oxidative desulfurization of diesel oil using CdO nanoparticles

In this paper, sol-gel auto-combustion method is used to synthesize CdO nanoparticles. The synthesised sample is characterized for its size and structure using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. And some molecular groups containing in the nanoparticle are detected by Fourier transformer Infra Red (FT-IR). Then, the sample is used to remove the organic sulfur from hydrogenation desulfurated diesel under ultrasonic condition. The influence parameters including catalyst dosage, oxidant dosage, oxidation temperature, oxidation time and extracting times are been researched. The obtained result indicates that under the optimal condition, the desulfurization degree can be reached 72.7%.     

Ozone-assisted oxidative desulfurization of light oil fractions

A catalytic system for oxidative desulfurization has been created, which is a transition metal salt bearing an organic ligand and capable of forming an active oxidative complex in the interaction with ozone and further oxidizing sulfur compounds present in fuel followed by the adsorption of the oxidation products on silica gel. In this case, a direct contact of ozone with the fuel is avoided, making the process safer. The effect of the reaction and ozonation conditions on the desulfurization process has been studied. Total sulfur content was decreased to 180 ppm for the straight-run gasoline fraction and to 900 ppm for the diesel fraction.     

井场原油脱除H_2S工艺技术研究

针对我国西部某油田A井区高含硫的问题,利用专业软件模拟和相关实验开展了井场原油气提脱硫技术和化学脱硫技术的研究。在模拟A井气提脱硫的基础上,得出气提法的优化参数为塔压0.3MPa,6层塔板,气提气量和塔底重沸器温度依据气提气充足与否和耗能情况进行调节,气提气量控制在4.7~6.1m3/t,相应的塔底重沸器温度为152.0~41.6℃。对于化学脱硫,通过实验筛选出了适用于A井、主要成分为二异丙基合成物的脱硫剂,并评价了用量、作用时间、含水率、温度等因素对其脱硫效果的影响。     

Hydrogen peroxide oxidative desulfurization of model diesel mixtures using azacrown ethers

Hydrogen peroxide oxidative desulfurization of model diesel fuel mixtures in the presence of azacrown ethers and their complexes with niobium pentachloride at 40–80°C has been studied. It has been found that the use of complexes of azacrown ethers with NbCl₅ leads to a decrease in the total sulfur content in the model mixtures to 13% of the initial amount. The structure of the azacrown ether used has little effect on the extent of desulfurization of the model mixture.     

三嗪脱硫剂脱硫机理及对原油性质影响研究

三嗪基类原油脱硫剂因对原油中硫化氢具有高度选择性,脱除效率高而广泛使用。为了研究三嗪基类液体脱硫剂对井口产生硫化氢的脱除机理以及评价其可能对原油产生的影响,本文利用红外光谱法和核磁共振氢谱法对三嗪基类脱硫剂脱硫前后主要官能团的变化进行脱硫机理分析,表明硫化氢与三嗪基类脱硫剂反应的产物为噻嗪类物质。此外还利用电位滴定、偏光显微镜观察以及电化学等方法对加入液体脱硫剂前后的胜利油田代表性原油的酸值、腐蚀速率、盐含量及乳化状况进行分析与评价。结果表明:三嗪基类脱硫剂的产物为噻嗪类物质,在加入三嗪基类液体脱硫剂后,未脱硫原油与脱硫剂溶液无乳化且配伍性良好,且原油的酸值、盐含量及腐蚀速率均略微增大,但影响均在可控范围内,证明井口加三嗪基类液体脱硫剂对原油生产并无危害。     

氨基酸离子液体氧化-萃取脱硫工艺研究

以L-脯氨酸和浓硫酸为原料采用一步法合成出氨基酸离子液体.以所合成的离子液体为萃取剂和催化剂,30％（质量分数）的H2O2为氧化剂,对模拟油进行氧化-萃取脱硫研究.结果表明,在模拟油用量为10 mL,剂油比（离子液体与模拟油的体积比）为0.2,H2O2用量为0.2 mL,反应温度为70℃,反应时间为90 min的优选条件下,脱硫率达到97％.将脱硫后分离出的离子液体经旋转蒸发仪再生处理,循环使用5次后脱硫率仍达81％.     

Reduction of sulfur content in shale oil by oxidative desulfurization

The oxidative desulfurization of shale oil obtained by thermal extraction of organic matter from shale rock using an oxidative catalytic system composed of hydrogen peroxide, a molybdenum salt, and acids of different natures has been studied. It has been shown that the application of this method in combination with extraction of the oxidation products of organic sulfur compounds makes it possible to remove up to 94% of total sulfur from the synthetic oil.     

模拟油Mn/Al-SBA-15吸附脱硫的研究

以Al-SBA-15为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Mn/Al-SBA-15吸附剂,通过XRD、BET等手段对其进行表征分析,并研究了其对模拟油(噻吩的异辛烷溶液)的吸附脱硫的性能。结果表明:所制备的Mn/Al-SBA-15吸附剂保留着母体SBA-15的结构;在反应时间120min、反应温度110℃、剂油比1:20的条件下,吸附剂的饱和硫容量最高;吸附等温线与Langmuir吸附平衡模型相吻合(R=0.9989),分离常数0R_L1。     

Ultrasound assisted photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of model diesel fuel

Ultrasound assisted photocatalytic oxidation technology is an efficient and gentle technology to remove the organic sulfur from diesel. The influence parameters of catalytic oxidation phase include catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, oxidation time, hydrogen peroxide to diesel fuel ratio and time of the extraction process. Furthermore, the comparison of the results under two conditions of ultrasound irradiation and mechanical agitation are also specially examined. The obtained results indicate that under the optimal condition, ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) is more efficient for sulfur removal which the desulfurization degree can be reached 99.47%.     

磷钼酸/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备及其氧化脱硫性能

以氧化石墨(GO)和磷钼酸(PMoA)为原料,采用固相合成法制备了PMoA/GO复合材料,利用XRD、FTIR和SEM对所合成的材料进行表征。表征结果显示,PMo A/GO仍保持了PMoA的Keggin结构,PMo A成功插层到GO的片层结构中。以PMoA/GO为催化剂、H_2O_2为氧化剂,考察了催化剂对模拟油中噻吩的氧化脱硫性能。实验结果表明,反应温度为70℃、H_2O_2用量占模拟汽油体积3%、催化剂用量为15 mg/m L、反应时间为90 min的条件下,噻吩的转化率达87.6%。催化剂经离心、洗涤和干燥后,循环使用5次,依然保持良好的脱硫性能。     

原油稳定及脱硫工艺应用实践与设计探讨

结合已有的原油负压稳定和气提脱硫工艺,通过工艺评价分析,创新设计负压稳定气提脱硫一体化处理工艺,在同一套装置中实现原油稳定和脱硫"一塔双效"。工业应用实践表明,原油稳定深度较单纯的负压稳定工艺提高10%以上;原油中H2S一次性脱出率90%以上,较气提脱硫工艺提升30%以上。该设计工艺达到了降低油气损耗、减少脱硫剂加注成本、保护环境和降低生产安全风险的目的。     

Modeling of dibenzothiophene oxidative desulfurization using response surface methodology

The effect of reaction temperature, mixing speed and oxidant to catalyst volume ratio, including their interactions on the oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by using response surface methodology was studied. Hydrogen peroxide was used as oxidant and acetic acid as catalyst. The obtained model accurately predicts conversion of dibenzothiophene and the best conversion of 98.7% was observed at temperature 70°C, mixing speed of 1250 rpm and oxidant to catalyst volume ratio of 1:1. At high temperatures, a major limitation of the desulfurization process is the mass transfer and the high mixing speed is needed to achieve an efficient process.     

原油碳源微生物自动寻的提高原油采收率机理

应用可视化实验观测方法,对3种原油碳源微生物提高原油采收率的机理进行的研究发现,原油碳源微生物有向原油定向运移并直接接触原油的“自动寻的”功能,并使原油碳源处菌群高度富集。这种自动寻的运移是原油碳源微生物提高原油采收率的基础。实验发现,在任何时候,原油碳源处的菌浓度比其他各处高出5~6个数量级。距原油碳源越远,菌浓度越低,其代谢产物浓度分布规律与菌浓度分布规律相符。微观模拟实验表明,高浓度的菌群及其大量代谢产物协同作用于原油碳源有利于剩余油启动。依据所得规律,对应用原油碳源微生物提高采收率的生产模式提出了建议。     

稠油和油砂中沥青质等重质组分的轻度氧化降解

稠油和油砂是广泛存在的重要资源，沥青质等重质组分的存在是难以直接开发利用这些资源的关键因素。移动稠油和油砂中重质组分的轻度氧化降解问题进行了实验研究，氧化降解体系为NaIO4/NaH2PO4和30%H2O2/CH3COOH。实验结果，稠油中沥青质的降解率达到45%以上，并且沥青质降解后主要向胶质组分转化，这非常有利于增加稠油体系的稳定性；油砂经降解处理后，与空白实验相比，油砂中的重质组分得到化学降解改造，可抽提的总有机质含量明显提高。氧化降解处理可以改善稠油、油砂等重质油的理化性质，可望在稠油油藏的开发利用方面得到应用。     

原油闪点预测模型的研究

针对原油这类结构组成复杂、差异性大、可燃的复杂混合体系,选取各地区共计101种原油的恩氏蒸馏温度、20℃密度、20℃粘度作为输入变量,建立原油闪点预测模型。采用主成分分析法对输入变量进行降维,除去恩氏蒸馏系列数据中的信息冗余,分别采用多元线性回归(MLR)、BP神经网络、RBF神经网络三种方法建模,并对模型的预测结果进行对比,RBF神经网络模型的预测准确度与稳定性均为最优,绝对误差期望为2.94℃,相对误差期望为3.45%,BP神经网络模型的准确性优于多元线性回归模型,稳定性不如MLR模型。     

Study of resin fraction of Nigerian crude oil using spectroscopic/spectrometric analytical techniques

Organics and trace metals of the resin fraction of Nigerian crude oil were analysed in order to characterise the fossil fuel. The crude oil samples were deasphaltened by n-pentane, while maltene fraction was fractionated into its components (saturates, aromatics and resin) using column chromatography. The organic compounds and elemental concentrations of the resin fraction were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry respectively. The infrared spectra showed characteristic bands containing polar functional groups expected confirming that the resin was purely eluted. The elemental concentrations were found to be high compared to other fractions and was confirmed by their T-test values. Zinc had the highest mean concentration of 32.13 ± 35.66 mg/kg, while Mn had the least (1.14 ± 0.17 mg/kg). Results indicated that processing of the crude oil resin may cause catalyst poisoning/fouling, corrosion of equipment/pipelines. Therefore, adequate consideration of these trace metals must be taken before processing.