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通过对锦州港压舱水进行沉降、分离、气浮、过滤等过程的处理,使废水中含油指标达到排放标准,并对油品进行回收. 相似文献
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微污染水源处理的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析我国目前水资源污染现状、主要危害及微污染水源水水质特点。阐述了微污染水处理技术的研究进展,分析了包括强化传统工艺、氧化技术、生物预处理以及深度处理等多种水处理技术。 相似文献
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冷却水在总的工业用水中占总量的80~90%,因此循环使用冷却水,能最大限度地利用水源。为了减轻由于腐蚀、结垢、粘泥和菌藻所造成的危害、延长设备的使用寿命、保证生产的长周期安全运行,就必须开展循环冷却水处理技术的研究、应用和开发各种优良的水处理药剂。新药剂的产生又促使水处理技术达到更高的水平,因此水处理药剂的开发和水处理技术的发展是密切相关相辅相成的。一、我国循环冷却水处理药剂发展的特点我国循环冷却水处理药剂的开展是随着七十年代 相似文献
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船舶压载水处理设备及应用技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
船舶压载水造成的生物入侵一直是困扰各国海洋环境保护的难题之一,而有效的压载水处理技术是解决压载水生物入侵的有效途径。介绍了3种已被国际海事组织(IMO)最终认可的压载水处理设备及其作用原理。同时着重阐述了目前压载水的物理处理、化学处理和联合处理技术的作用机理和研究进展,并比较了各处理方法的优缺点。如何使环境、经济相协调是压载水处理方法研究的一个主要问题,研究高效、可行、低成本、对环境友好的压载水处理方法成为今后压载水处理方法研究的主要发展趋势。 相似文献
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Concern about ballast-mediated bioinvasions into freshwater, estuarine and marine habitats is not limited to biodiversity per se but extends to its broader socio-economic impacts on agriculture, forests, fisheries, aquaculture, and other human activities dependent on the stability of living resources in a particular ecosystem. As a result, invasive species pose almost incalculable economic, socio-cultural and human health security risks. The importance of biological invasions was brought into greater focus as several devastating introductions in many countries occurred and given the limitations of the IMO (International Marine Organization) Guidelines. Consequently the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments was prepared and was adopted in a Diplomatic Conference in 2004. This Convention aimed to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the risks to the environment, human health, property and resources arising from the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens via ships' ballast waters. This article describes recent ballast water treatment studies from scientific and academic community since the last IMO Convention in 2004, and the treatment that received basic and final approval by IMO. We examined different methods available on scientific media to treat ballast water (lab-scale and field-scale tests) and we concluded that a standardization of ballast water treatment still to be done to ensure the IMO Standard. 相似文献
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船舶排放的压载水是造成地理性隔离水体间有害生物传播的最主要途径,至今还没有一种环境友好的阻断方法。在压载水输运管路中,利用高级氧化技术可以有效致死水中携带的大量海洋微小生物,是目前实现在船在线治理远洋船舶压载水最可行的方法。但由于压载水排放量大、流速高,其与高级氧化剂溶液的混溶过程直接影响海洋微小生物的致死效果。针对这一问题,利用Eulerian-Eulerian 双流体模型数值模拟了含有羟基自由基的气液垂直射入压载水输运管路的混溶过程。气体体积分数示踪结果显示,在约束横流环境中,冲击射流在上游壁面形成的scarf涡是形成下游反向涡旋对的主要原因,也是冲击射流与横流混合的源动力。同时也发现在下游壁面射流内存在气体集中的问题。 相似文献
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Myint Myint Maw Junsheng Wang Fabo Li Jinhu Jiang Younan Song Xinxiang Pan 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(10):25560-25575
Ship ballast water treatment methods face many technical challenges. The effectiveness of every treatment method usually is evaluated by using large scale equipment and a large volume of samples, which involves time-consuming, laborious, and complex operations. This paper reports the development of a novel, simple and fast platform of methodology in evaluating the efficiency and the best parameters for ballast water treatment systems, particularly in chemical disinfection. In this study, a microfluidic chip with six sample wells and a waste well was designed, where sample transportation was controlled by electrokinetic flow. The performance of this microfluidic platform was evaluated by detecting the disinfection of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) algae in ballast water treated by sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution. Light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LICF) intensity was used to determine the viability of microalgae cells in the system, which can be operated automatically with the dimension of the detector as small as 50 mm × 24 mm × 5 mm. The 40 µL volume of sample solution was used for each treatment condition test and the validity of detection can be accomplished within about five min. The results show that the viability of microalgae cells under different treatment conditions can be determined accurately and further optimal treatment conditions including concentrations of NaClO and treatment time can also be obtained. These results can provide accurate evaluation and optimal parameters for ballast water treatment methods. 相似文献
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Jinyang Sun Junsheng Wang Xinxiang Pan Haichao Yuan 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(6):13158-13171
Ships’ ballast water can carry aquatic organisms into foreign ecosystems. In our previous studies, a concept using ion exchange membrane electrolysis to treat ballast water has been proven. In addition to other substantial approaches, a new strategy for inactivating algae is proposed based on the developed ballast water treatment system. In the new strategy, the means of multi-trial injection with small doses of electrolytic products is applied for inactivating algae. To demonstrate the performance of the new strategy, contrast experiments between new strategies and routine processes were conducted. Four algae species including Chlorella vulgaris, Platymonas subcordiformis, Prorocentrum micans and Karenia mikimotoi were chosen as samples. The different experimental parameters are studied including the injection times and doses of electrolytic products. Compared with the conventional one trial injection method, mortality rate time (MRT) and available chlorine concentration can be saved up to about 84% and 40%, respectively, under the application of the new strategy. The proposed new approach has great potential in practical ballast water treatment. Furthermore, the strategy is also helpful for deep insight of mechanism of algal tolerance. 相似文献
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废酸废水对环境污染很大,排放前的处理非常重要。综述了废酸废水的处理的重要性以及废酸废水的处理方法,并对各种方法进行了详细介绍。废酸的处理方法主要有:浓缩法、萃取法、氧化法和结晶法;浓缩法又包括高温浓缩法和低温浓缩法。废水的处理方法主要有:物理处理法、化学处理法、生物处理法和生物接触氧化法;还介绍了废酸废水处理技术的发展现状,并提出了目前的主要研究趋势。 相似文献
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我国沿海港口众多,很多油库每天需要清洗油罐并且定期排放罐内分离出来的含油污水,而油轮需要清理压舱水,其压舱水的含油量最大可达20%,而且油质复杂。含油废水中的含油量,一般为几十至几千mg/L,最高可达数万mg/L。而国家规定的允许排放标准仅为10mg/L。根据含油废水中油类存在形式的不同,通常分为浮油、分散油、乳化油和溶解油四种。含油废水的治理原则:首先应该考虑尽可能多的回收含油废水中的油,对治理过的水,应达到国家《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》GB/T18920—2002标准的要求。 相似文献
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消毒是饮用水处理中特别重要的一步。随着工农业经济的飞速发展,水源中检测出大量种类复杂的有机污染物质,在消毒过程中这些有机物与消毒剂反应会产生一些对人体健康具有潜在危害的消毒副产物(DBPs),例如三卤甲烷、亚氯酸盐、溴酸盐等。因此,能否有效控制DBPs的产生成为了评价饮用水消毒质量效果的一项重要指标,而去除消毒副产物前体物是控制DBPs产生的关键。高铁酸盐作为一种绿色高效的新型水处理剂,具有强氧化还原能力,处理后的水中基本不会产生DBPs且能有效地抑制一些常见DBPs。文中综述常见的DBPs及前体物的种类、DBPs控制方法以及高铁酸盐在饮用水处理中对DBPs的控制。 相似文献