有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液的性能研究

采用γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)改性丙烯酸酯类聚合物,合成了丙烯酸酯聚合乳液,研究了单体配比、乳化剂用量、聚合方法对乳液性能的影响.结果表明,当软硬单体配比为O.8,乳化剂用量为4%时,乳液的综合性能较好.     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液的性能研究

采用-γ甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲基硅烷(KH570)改性丙烯酸酯类聚合物,合成了丙烯酸酯乳液,研究了单体配比、乳化剂用量、聚合方法对乳液性能的影响。结果表明单体配比为MMA﹕BA﹕MAA=54﹕44﹕2、乳化剂用量为3%时乳液的综合性能较好。     

γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷改性丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及性能研究

通过γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(KH571)与丙烯酸酯类单体进行聚合反应,采用水解抑制法合成出有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液。研究了聚合工艺、软硬单体配比、乳化剂用量和比例,以及有机硅单体、引发剂和水解抑制剂用量等因素对硅丙乳液聚合过程稳定性及产品性能的影响,找出了合成硅丙乳液的最佳工艺参数。同时利用红外光谱对共聚物结构特征进行了分析。     

有机硅-丙烯酸酯弹性乳液的制备与研究

采用有机硅氧烷与丙烯酸酯单体共聚制备有机硅改性丙烯酸酯弹性乳液,研究了有机硅单体、乳化剂用量及配比等因素对乳液的影响,并对涂膜进行了兀'一IR表征.研究结果表明有机硅与丙烯酸酯单体能很好地聚合,且制备出的乳液性能优异,可以作为高性能外墙弹性涂料的基体树脂.     

涂料用苯丙乳液合成工艺条件的优化

以水作溶剂,苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸等为单体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,采用乳液聚合法合成了苯丙乳液。研究了聚合乳液的单体配比、反应温度、反应时间、乳化剂及引发剂的用量等对乳液性能的影响。采用正交实验的方法对合成工艺进行优化,获得了最佳合成条件:w(苯乙烯)∶w(丙烯酸酯)∶w(丙烯酸)=23∶20∶1.3,引发剂0.6%~0.8%,乳化剂用量2%~4%,反应温度82°C左右,反应时间2h,保温时间2h。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及性能研究

采用有机硅氧烷与丙烯酸酯单体共聚制备有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液,研究了有机硅单体用量、乳化剂配比和温度等因素对乳液的影响,并对涂膜性能进行了测试。研究结果表明,有机硅与丙烯酸酯单体能很好地聚合,且制备出的乳液性能优异,可以作为高性能外墙涂料的基体树脂。     

水性丙烯酸酯纸塑复膜胶的制备及性能

以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为软单体,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为硬单体,丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体,采用预乳化半连续种子乳液聚合的方法制备了丙烯酸酯乳液复膜胶,研究了软硬单体配比、乳化剂种类及用量、引发剂用量以及功能单体用量对乳液性能的影响。结果表明,在单体质量比BA∶MMA∶AA为80∶19∶1,引发剂用量占单体质量的0.7%,乳化剂SDS与OP-10的质量比为1∶2.5,乳化剂用量占单体质量3.5%的条件下,聚合过程稳定、产率高,制备的乳液粒子较细、黏度低、稳定性好,纸塑剥离强度可达40.4 k N/m。     

乳化剂对丙烯酸酯微乳液聚合过程的影响

采用半连续单体滴加法合成了粒径约40 nm分布均一的丙烯酸酯微乳液.考察了乳化剂的种类、配比、用量及反应型乳化剂V -20S的引入对乳液及涂膜性能的影响,跟踪测试了乳液聚合过程中粒径的变化,探讨了聚合过程中不同阶段的粒径大小和分布变化.结果表明:以MS - 1/SDS/OP - 10为乳化剂且质量比为0.7∶0.2∶0...     

低成本环保型建筑乳液的研制与应用

以丙烯酸酯类单体、苯乙烯以及交联单体共聚，采用核-壳聚合工艺，合成低成本环保型建筑乳液。研究了单体配比、丙烯酸用量、乳化剂和聚合工艺对聚合反应及涂膜性能的影响。     

核壳结构丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及性能研究

采用预乳化工艺、半连续种子乳液聚合法制得具有核壳结构的丙烯酸酯乳液。研究了乳液的软硬单体配比、引发剂、乳化剂及聚合温度对乳液性能的影响。结果表明:软硬单体比例为1∶1.25～1∶1、引发剂和乳化剂用量分别为0.5%和3%～4%、聚合温度为(80±1)℃时得到的乳液具有优良的综合性能。采用FT-IR、TEM、DSC对聚合物乳液的结构进行了表征,证实了核壳结构的存在。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。